固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定化妆品中6种糖皮质激素

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定化妆品中丙酸氟替卡松、曲安奈德、醋酸可的松、地塞米松、氢化可的松和泼尼松等6种糖皮质激素的新方法。样品用甲醇超声提取后,经Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化,采用Nucleodur C18色谱柱(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm)分离,以甲醇-乙腈(60∶40 V/V)和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,使6种糖皮质激素得到有效分离。被测激素在定量范围内均呈良好的线性关系(r≥0.9990),平均加标回收率为81.8%～96.1%,相对标准差3.3%～6.4%,检出限为0.78～1.12μg/L。     

镇痛平喘类中成药中违禁添加的6种糖皮质激素的液相色谱-质谱检测

建立了N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)基质固相萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱同时测定镇痛平喘类中成药中添加的泼尼松、地塞米松、倍他米松、曲安奈德、倍氯米松、氯倍他索6种糖皮质激素的方法.样品用乙腈提取,PSA基质分散净化,采用Zobax SB C18分析柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm),以保留时间和质谱二级特征离子作为定性依据.在建立的色谱条件下,6种糖皮质激素能得到很好的分离,线性范围均为1.5 ～300 mg/kg,加标回收率为85% ～102%.该法可同时对6种糖皮质激素进行定量分析,可用于镇痛平喘类中成药中掺杂该6种成分的快速鉴定.     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定化妆品中的9种糖皮质激素

建立了化妆品中9种糖皮质激素的反相高效液相(RP-HPLC)测定方法.采用酸化甲醇振荡提取,HLB固相萃取小柱净化,HPLC分离测定.在定量范围内均呈良好的线性关系(r≥0.999);回收率为85.0%～99.5%,相对标准偏差小于5.8%,检出限(LOD) (S/N≥3)为1.0 ng,定量限(LOQ) (S/N≥10)为2.0 ng.该法可用于化妆品中泼尼松龙、氢化可的松、可的松、甲基强的松龙、地塞米松、氟米松、倍氯米松、曲安奈德和氟轻松的检测.     

超高效液相色谱法同时测定化妆品中的15种激素

建立了采用超高效液相色谱同时测定化妆品中糖皮质激素、雌激素、雄激素、孕激素等共15种激素(曲安西龙、氢化可的松、泼尼松、可的松、甲基泼尼松龙、倍他米松、地塞米松、醋酸泼尼松龙、醋酸氢化可的松、雌三醇、雌二醇、雌酮、己烯雌酚、睾酮、孕酮)的分析方法。不同形态的化妆品样品均以甲醇为提取溶剂进行超声提取,经Oasis HLB固相萃取柱富集净化,以Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(1.7 μm,2.1 mm×50 mm)分离,乙腈和水为流动相梯度洗脱,6 min 内完成了15种激素的分离及检测。在1～25 ng进样范围内,15种激素的工作曲线的线性相关系数r均高于0.9995。在低、中、高（2,10,20 mg/kg）3个添加水平下15种激素的平均回收率为88.2%～102.4%,相对标准偏差为1.6%～7.4%。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定祛痘化妆品中的15种禁用雄激素

建立了同时测定祛痘化妆品中15种禁用雄激素(肾上腺甾酮、群勃龙、勃地酮、氟甲睾酮、氧甲氢龙、雄烯二酮、诺龙、去氢甲睾酮、睾酮、去氢表雄酮、氯司替勃、雄诺龙、美雄诺龙、醋酸氯睾酮、丙酸睾丸素)的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法。不同类型的化妆品样品,以甲醇为提取溶剂进行超声提取,样品提取液经离心处理后,上清液以Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化,经ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱分离,目标化合物在正离子模式下电离,采用多反应监测模式进行定性、定量分析。结果表明,15种禁用雄激素的定量下限为1.0~20.0μg/kg,在低、中、高3个加标水平下的平均回收率为76.5%~92.1%,相对标准偏差为1.3%~9.6%。本方法准确、快速、灵敏,能够为祛痘化妆品检验和生产质量控制提供科学依据及技术支持。     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间高分辨质谱快速筛查确证化妆品中73种常见禁用物质

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF HRMS)同时快速筛查确证化妆品中73种常见禁用物质的方法。样品经饱和氯化钠溶液分散均匀后,采用含0.2%甲酸的乙腈溶液超声提取,50 mg PSA净化,以8000 r/min高速冷冻离心除脂,采用Waters Acquity HSS T3色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm)分离。采用多反应监测高分辨扫描模式(MRM HR),以保留时间、一级母离子精确质量数、同位素丰度比和二级子离子精确质量数实现化妆品中73种禁用物质的快速筛查和确证,基质匹配外标法定量。实验比较了不同提取溶剂、净化吸附剂、色谱条件和质谱扫描模式对73种禁用物质测定的影响,并考察了膏霜剂和水剂的基质效应。结果表明,73种禁用物质线性关系良好,相关系数(R²)>0.99;检出限为5~150 μg/kg;定量限为15~450 μg/kg;膏霜剂及水剂两种基质在3个加标水平下的回收率为60.3%~130.3%,日内、日间RSD分别为0.8%~10.0%(n=6)和1.1%~15.0%(n=3)。日常风险监测中检出磺胺甲基异噁唑、甲基泼尼松、林可霉素、对乙酰氨基酚、甲氧苄啶、阿法骨化醇、倍他米松戊酸酯、溴莫尼定、氯霉素、氯苯那敏、氯倍他索丙酸酯、克罗米通、益康唑、酮康唑、泼尼松醋酸酯和泼尼松,检出含量范围为0.5~1136.1 mg/kg。该方法准确、快速、简便,可用于化妆品中73种常见禁用物质的检测。     

大体积进样-非匀强电场扫集微乳毛细管电动色谱法测定化妆品中糖皮质激素

建立了一个简单有效的微乳毛细管电动色谱(MEEKC)在线富集-大体积进样(LVSI)与非匀强电场扫集(REFS)联用测定化妆品中4种糖皮质激素(泼尼松、氢化可的松、泼尼松龙和倍他米松)的方法。MEEKC的缓冲体系组成为:2.4%SDS,0.6%正辛烷,6.6%正丁醇,30 mmol/L硼酸盐缓冲液(pH 8.2),分离电压为9.6 kV,进样压力为12.3 kPa,进样时间为95 s,检测波长为230 nm。在最优实验条件下,4种糖皮质激素的富集倍数为853~933倍,在0.015~14 mg/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为4~8μg/L。应用此方法分析了化妆品样品,回收率为93.7%~103.8%,相对标准偏差(n=5)均不大于4.4%。     

食药监总局抽检面膜部分样品含违禁激素

<正>不久前食药监总局表示,在全国范围组织开展面膜类化妆品监督抽检中,发现8批次产品存在非法添加禁用物质、违规使用限用物质等问题。氯倍他索丙酸酯属于糖皮质激素类物质,长期使用含有糖皮质激素的化妆品可能导致面部皮肤黑斑、萎缩变薄等问     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定祛痘化妆品中的3种氯霉素类抗生素

建立了祛痘化妆品中氯霉素、甲砜霉素及氟苯尼考等3种氯霉素类抗生素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。样品以甲醇为溶剂超声提取,提取液经高速离心及微孔滤膜过滤后,以XBridge Phenyl(2.1 mm×150 mm,3.5μm)色谱柱分离,进行电喷雾负离子多反应监测模式下的定性及定量分析。结果表明,氯霉素、甲砜霉素及氟苯尼考在各自线性范围内线性良好,定量限分别为5,20和10μg/kg。在低、中、高3个添加水平,3种氯霉素类抗生素的回收率为80.6%~117.4%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为4.6%~7.7%。方法能够为祛痘化妆品检验和生产质量控制提供科学依据及技术支持。     

离子液体和β-环糊精修饰反向微乳毛细管电动色谱分析化妆品中的激素

建立了以离子液体和β-环糊精为添加剂的反向微乳毛细管电泳(MEEKC)法分离测定化妆品中丙酸氟替卡松、曲安奈德、醋酸可的松、地塞米松、氢化可的松和泼尼松6种激素的方法.在优化的实验条件下,6种物质于12min内达到基线分离,丙酸氟替卡松在2.0～200mg/L范围内线性关系良好,其它组分在2.0 ～ 500mg/L范围内线性关系良好,检出限(S/N =3)分别为0.75、0.81、0.66、0.68、0.74、0.86 mg/L.方法用于化妆品样品测定,加标回收率在93.5％～105％之间,RSD均小于4.3％(n=3).     

Multiresidue analysis of glucocorticoids in milk by LC–MS/MS with low‐temperature purification and dispersive solid‐phase extraction

A multiresidue method for the determination of 12 glucocorticoids (clobetasol propionate, budesonide, triamcinolone, triamcinolone acetonide, fludrocortisone acetate, flumethasone, beclomethasone, prednisone acetate, 6‐α‐methylprednisolone, hydrocortisone, cortisone, and prednisone) in bovine milk was developed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Isoflupredone was used as an internal standard. Milk samples were treated with ethyl acetate to extract glucocorticoids and were frozen at −20°C for 6 h to precipitate fat. The extract was dried under nitrogen, and residues were dissolved in an acetonitrile/water solution. A further clean‐up step was used by dispersive solid‐phase extraction, with octadecyl silica and primary secondary amine as the absorbents. The recoveries of glucocorticoids spiked at 0.5, 1.0, 10.0 μg/kg ranged from 75.7 to 117.3%, except for clobetasol propionate and budesonide (16.1–49.5%). The limits of quantification were 0.01–0.5 μg/kg in milk. This method has been successfully applied in real samples. The results demonstrated that this method is simple, robust, and suitable for identification of glucocorticoid residues in milk.     

Screening and quantitative confirmatory method for the analysis of glucocorticoids in bovine milk using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

An LC/MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous identification, confirmation, and quantification of 12 glucocorticoids in bovine milk. The method was validated in accordance with the criteria defined in Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The developed method can detect and confirm the presence of dexamethasone, betamethasone, prednisolone, flumethasone, 6alpha-methylprednisolone, fluorometholone, triamcinolone acetonide, prednisone, cortisone, hydrocortisone, clobetasol propionate, and clobetasol butyrate in bovine milk. Milk samples are extracted with acetonitrile; sodium chloride is subsequently added to aid partition of the milk and acetonitrile mixture. The acetonitrile extract is then subjected to liquid-liquid purification by the addition of hexane. The purified extract is evaporated to dryness and reconstituted in a water-acetonitrile mixture, and determination is carried out by LC/MS/MS. The method permits analysis of up to 30 samples in 1 day.     

Detection of glucocorticoid residues in pig liver by high-performance liquid chromatography with on-line electrogenerated [Cu(HIO6)2](5-)--luminol chemiluminescence detection

A novel method was developed for the simultaneous determination of glucocorticoid residues such as triamcinolone (TR), prednisolone (PR), hydrocortisone (HC), cortisone (CO), methylprednisolone (MP), dexamethasone (DE) and triamcinolone acetonide (TA) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with chemiluminescence (CL) detection. The procedure was based on the enhancement effect of glucocorticoids on the chemiluminescence reaction between luminol and the complex of trivalent copper and periodate ([Cu(HIO6)2]5-), which was on-line electrogenerated by constant current electrolysis. The HPLC separation used a Nucleosil RP-C18 column (250 mmx4.6 mm i.d., 5 microm, pore size, 100 A) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 1.0 mmol L(-1) ammonium acetate (pH 6.8, 40:60,v/v) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL min(-1). The effects of several parameters on the HPLC resolution and CL emission were studied systematically. Liver samples were hydrolyzed with Helix pomatia juice followed by a solid-phase extraction procedure. Under optimum conditions, the limits of detection (LOD) at a signal-to-noise of 3 ranged from 0.08 to 1.0 ng g(-1) and the limits of quantification (LOQ) at a signal-to-noise of 10 ranged from 0.27 to 3.33 ng g(-1) for seven glucocorticoids. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of intra- and inter-day precision were below 6.8%. The average recoveries for glucocorticoids (spiked at the levels of 5-50 ng g(-1)) in pig liver ranged from 88 to 106%, and the relative standard deviations of the quantitative results were from 2.0 to 6.9%. The proposed method had been successfully applied to the determination of glucocorticoid residues in pig liver.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中新型糖皮质激素氯倍他索乙酸酯

采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法建立了化妆品中氯倍他索乙酸酯的检测方法,适用于膏霜乳类、凝胶类、泥类、贴膜类和液体(水)类5种常见化妆品基质。对影响被测物质的前处理方法、提取溶剂、提取时间等因素和色谱、质谱条件等进行了考察。最终建立方法为样品经乙腈涡旋分散、超声提取、过滤后用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪测定,采用Waters CORTECS C₁₈色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm, 2.7 μm),以水和乙腈作为流动相分离,在电喷雾正离子模式(ESI⁺)下,以多反应监测(MRM)方式采集,采用基质匹配标准曲线进行定量分析。5种基质类型下,被测物质在0.9~37 μg/L的范围内线性拟合良好,线性相关系数(R²)均超过0.99。方法的检出限为0.03 μg/g,定量限为0.09 μg/g。在定量限、2倍定量限和10倍定量限3个水平下的加标回收率试验中,被测物质在5种基质中的回收率范围为83.2%~103.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD, n=6)范围为1.4%~5.6%。采用该方法对不同基质类型的化妆品样品进行筛查,共发现5批阳性样品,其中氯倍他索乙酸酯的含量范围为1.1~48.1 μg/g。该方法操作简单,灵敏可靠,适用于不同基质类型化妆品的高通量定性定量筛查分析,为监测化妆品中的非法添加提供了技术支持及理论依据。     

Separation of corticosteroids by microemulsion EKC with diethyl L-tartrate as the oil phase

A novel microemulsion based on a mixture of diethyl L-tartrate (DET) and SDS was developed for the microemulsion EKC (MEEKC) determination of structurally related steroids. The system consisted of 0.5% w/w DET, 1.7% w/w SDS, 1.2% w/w 1-butanol, 89.6% w/w phosphate buffer (40 mM, pH 7.0), and 7% w/w ACN. With an applied voltage of +10 kV, a baseline separation of aldosterone (A), cortisone acetate (CA), dexamethasone (D), hydrocortisone (H), hydrocortisone acetate (HA), prednisolone (P), prednisolone acetate (PA), prednisone (Ps), triamcinolone (T), and triamcinolone acetonide (TA) could be achieved. Under the optimized conditions, the reproducibility of the retention time (n = 4) for most of the compounds was less than +/-0.8% with the exception of A, Ps, and T. The average number of theoretical plates was 18 800 plates/m. The results were compared with those achieved by the modified micellar EKC (MEKC). MEEKC showed obvious advantages over MEKC for the separation of highly hydrophobic substances. To further evaluate the system, we tested the MEEKC method by analyzing corticosteroids in a spiked urine sample.     

Amphiphilic polymeric micelle as pseudostationary phase in electrokinetic chromatography for analysis of eight corticosteroids in cosmetics

Amphiphilic polymeric micelle, as a novel pseudostationary phase in EKC was used to determine eight kinds of corticosteroids namely hydrocortisone, prednisolone, hydrocortisone acetate, prednisone, cortisone acetate, prednisolone acetate, dexamethasone, and triamcinolone acetonide in cosmetics. Amphiphilic random copolymer poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid) (P(MMA‐co‐MAA)) was micellizated via neutralization in alkaline aqueous solution. The influences of the molar ratio of monomer MMA to MAA, the concentration of polymer and pH on the polymeric micelle microstructure and EKC performances were investigated. As molar ratio of MMA to MAA in P(MMA‐co‐MAA) increased, both CMC and environmental polarity of the inner core in polymeric micelle decreased dramatically. With increasing monomer ratio, the size of polymeric micelles increased firstly, and then decreased, finally increased again. ζ potential of the micelle had a slight decline trend. As increment of polymer concentration, the size of the polymeric micelle increased steadily. By optimizing the monomer ratio, the polymer concentration, and pH of the running buffer, as well as operation conditions such as separation voltage and temperature, the eight analytes could be separated within 16.5 min using 7.5 mg/mL polymer with the monomer ratio of 7:3 dissolved in pH 9.2 borax buffer as the running buffer. The method has been used for analysis of corticosteroids in cosmetic samples with simple extraction; the recoveries for eight analytes were between 85.9 and 106%. This method was of accuracy, repeatability, pretreatment simplicity, and could be applied to the quality control of cosmetics.     

In‐situ preparation of porous monolithic polymer inside hollow fiber as a micro‐solid phase extraction device for glucocorticoids in cosmetics

Glucocorticoids have a certain whitening effect on the skin. However, frequent and long‐term use of cosmetics including glucocorticoids is harmful to health. Herein, we proposed a novel micro‐solid phase extraction method for the detection of prednisolone acetate, prednisone, and prednisolone in cosmetics coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography. In this method, porous monolithic polymer micro‐extraction bars were prepared by “one‐step, one‐pot” in situ photopolymerization combined with sacrificial support in hollow fiber under water atmosphere. The crucial factors such as pH of sample solution, extraction, and elution times that influence micro‐extraction were optimized and found to be 9.0, 2 h, and 32 min, respectively. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the linear range of the calibration curves were from 5.0 to 2000 µg/L with correlation coefficients (R²) between 0.9922 and 0.9996. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 1.5 µg/L and 5.0 µg/L, respectively, and the recoveries were found to be in range of 69.0–113.3%. The analysis of precision for intraday and interday were less than 10.40 and 10.59%. The device has been successfully achieved photopolymerization under water atmosphere. The results indicated that this method is simple, accurate, and satisfactory for the pretreatment and determination of glucocorticoids in complex cosmetics samples.     

A PAMPA assay as fast predictive model of passive human skin permeability of new synthesized corticosteroid C-21 esters

The permeation properties of twenty newly synthesized α-alkoxyalkanoyl and α-aryloxyalkanoyl C-21 esters of standard corticosteroids: Fluocinolone acetonide, dexamethasone, triamcinolone acetonide and hydrocortisone were established using a PAMPA assay (70% silicone oil and 30% isopropyl myristate). The data were compared with parent corticosteroids with addition of mometasone furoate and hydrocortisone acetate. All newly synthesized corticosteroid C-21 esters have effective permeability coefficients higher then -6, mostly followed with high values of retention factors and low permeation. The examined compounds were grouped through relationship between obtained retention factors and permeation parameters (groups I-III). The classification confirmed group I (membrane retentions as well as permeation lower then 30%) for all corticosteroid standards except mometasone furoate, a potent topical corticosteroid which, with high membrane retention (81%) and low permeation (7.7%) fits into group III. The largest number of new synthesized corticosteroids C-21 esters, among them all fluocinolone acetonide C-21 esters, have high membrane retentions (32.4%-86.5%) and low permeations (1.3%-27.1%), fitting in group III. The classification was related to previously obtained anti-inflammatory activity data for the fluocinolone acetonide C-21 esters series. According to the PAMPA results the new synthesized esters could be considered as potential new prodrugs with useful benefit/risk ratio.