大学生科研创新训练的探索与实践——以1,4-二(1-羧亚甲基-4-咪唑基)苯的合成为例

开展了以1,4-二(1-羧亚甲基-4-咪唑基)苯的合成为内容的大学生科研创新训练,从化合物合成路线设计、结构表征、性质研究等方面进行探索与实践。结果表明,大学生科研实践能有效地促进理论知识体系和实践技能相整合,提高学生的综合素质和创新能力。     

铜卟啉合成及其敏化二氧化钛光催化剂的制备——一个大学化学综合性实验

介绍了一个大学化学综合性实验——铜卟啉合成及其敏化二氧化钛光催化剂的制备。该实验是一个科研转化的大学生综合化学实验,内容包括铜四苯基卟啉的合成、铜四苯基卟啉敏化二氧化钛光催化剂的制备,以及光催化剂对水中有机污染物的降解。通过本实验,可以拓宽学生的化学专业知识,提高学生的综合实验操作技能,激发学生对科学研究的兴趣,培养学生的科研探究能力。     

BODIPY基荧光探针的合成、表征及对铜离子的检测——推荐一个大学综合化学实验

介绍了一个大学综合化学实验——BODIPY基荧光探针的合成、表征及对铜离子的检测。该实验是一个科研转化的大学生综合化学实验,内容包括3,5-二氯BODIY的合成、BODIPY基荧光探针分子的合成,以及利用紫外-可见分光光度计和荧光光谱仪检测目标分子对金属离子的响应性。通过本实验,使学生了解BODIPY基荧光传感器这一科研前沿领域,激发学生对科学研究的兴趣,培养学生的科研探究能力。本实验综合了有机化学、仪器分析和应用波谱学知识点的学习,培养学生的实验操作技能,提升学生的综合及创新能力,建议纳入高年级综合化学实验课程。     

实践教学过程中培养大学生科研素质的初步探索

地方院校大学生科研素质整体水平普遍不高,在实践教学过程中探索提高大学生科研素质是实现人才培养目标的重要途径之一。以池州学院为例,结合作者自身的教学、科研经验,提出了一些具体改进措施,以期为普通地方本科高校相关专业的实践教学探索提供参考。通过开展专业情感教育、重组和优化实验教学内容激发学生参与实验的激情,通过重视基础实验、开设探索性、综合性实验项目,采用实验教学与科学研究相结合的教学模式,吸收本科生参与科学研究,加强毕业论文环节教师的引导作用,旨在培养和提高学生的实践能力和创新能力,培养学生基本的科研能力。     

抗HCV药物索菲布韦的合成与表征——本科生“夏季小学期”创新科研实践

以“抗HCV药物索菲布韦（Sofosbuvir）合成与表征”为例,介绍了南开大学本科生“夏季小学期”创新科研实践活动的具体实施情况。内容涉及抗HCV药物索菲布韦的研究背景介绍、合成与表征,以及对实验结果的讨论。实践结果表明,利用“夏季小学期”集中安排实验时间较长且复杂程度高的综合实验,可以提高学生的科研实践能力,促进理论教学与科研实践相结合,取得了良好的教学效果。     

有机化学实验课程对培养学生初步科研能力的探索与实践

在有机化学实验课程中探索研究型教学模式及考核方式,在教学中融入前沿介绍、科研方法及科研过程引导,通过授课教师引导下的实验对学生进行科研训练,培养学生初步科研能力,为后期独立进行“大学生创新实验计划”项目做准备,并弥补现有大学生科研训练模式中教师引导较少、学生积极性较低等不足。     

新型电控荧光聚合物的合成与性能研究——推荐一个综合化学实验

介绍一个研究探索型大学化学综合性实验——新型电控荧光聚合物的合成与性能研究。内容包括电控荧光聚合物的合成及电控荧光性能的相关测试。通过本实验的实践,使学生在掌握基础理论和基本实验技能的同时,提高独立实验能力和创新意识。本实验的开展还可以使学生接触到学科的前沿领域,激发学生对科学研究的兴趣,培养学生的科研探究能力。     

苯胺四聚体合成及电致变色器件制备——一个大学化学综合性实验

介绍一个研究探索型大学化学综合性实验——苯胺四聚体合成及其电致变色器件制备。内容包括苯胺四聚体的合成及简单的电致变色器件的制备和相关性能的测试。通过本实验的实践,可以让学生拓宽相关化学专业知识,提高学生综合实验操作技能和专业素质,让学生接触所学领域的前沿技术,激发学生对科学研究的兴趣,培养科研探究能力。     

席夫碱型有机小分子荧光探针的制备与表征——推荐一个综合化学实验

介绍一个综合型创新实验——有机小分子荧光探针的制备与表征。内容包括有机配体的合成及表征、荧光光谱的测试、金属离子的检测等。通过本实验的实践,既可以让学生更好地掌握无机、有机和分析化学相关专业知识,提升实验操作技能,又能让学生了解有机小分子荧光探针这一科研前沿领域,激发学生对科学研究的兴趣,培养科研能力。建议将本实验纳入本科高年级综合化学实验课。     

天然产物吴茱萸碱一锅法合成的综合实验设计

结合天然产物全合成的理论知识,设计了从简单易得的底物出发实现吴茱萸碱一锅法合成的综合化学实验。实验过程包括背景文献调研与分析总结、吴茱萸碱一锅法合成、化合物波谱性质表征以及反应机理研究。该综合实验不仅可以培养学生的文献检索、合成操作以及谱图分析等方面的综合能力,而且可以提高学生对有机合成方法学及反应机理研究的理解,提升学生对科学研究逻辑的认知,为将来从事相关科研或实践工作打下基础。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.