OCS+经由A2П←X2П激发的光解离光谱

在超声分子束条件下,由423、420、412.2和408.4nm的电离激光使OCS分子通过[3+1]共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)制备出OCS+(X2Π)离子后,在260-325nm范围内扫描解离激光获得了OCS+离子经由A2Π3/2←X2Π3/2(000)和A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2(000,001)跃迁的分质量光解离谱(母体离子OCS+的凹陷谱和碎片离子S+的增强谱).其中A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2(001)跃迁的光解离谱是首次观察到.由A2Π3/2←X2Π3/2(000)光解离谱得到了A2Π3/2电子态的光谱常数T0=31411.3cm-1,ν1=814.3cm-1;由A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2(000)光解离谱得到了A2Π1/2电子态的光谱常数ν1=816cm-1,ν2=(380.4±2.8)cm-1,ν3=(2052.7±5.1)cm-1,而从A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2(001)光解离谱拟合出的A2Π1/2电子态的ν1(786.4cm-1)稍有不同,表明在A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2(001)跃迁中X2П1/2电子态的C-O键振动(ν3)激发影响了A2Π1/2电子态C-S键的振动(ν1).实验结果表明:在A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2(000,001)跃迁的光解离谱中能够显著观察到属于A2Π电子态的ν2弯曲振动模激发的谱峰,例如A2Π1/2(020,120,021,…),而在A2П3/2(υ1υ2υ3)←X2Π3/2(000)跃迁的光解离谱中几乎没有观察到属于ν2弯曲振动模激发的谱峰.这种弯曲振动激发和A2П电子态的旋轨分裂分量(Ω)的相关性可以通过A2Π电子态的Fermi共振和Renner-Teller效应来解释.     

OCS+经由A2Π←X2Π激发的光解离光谱

在超声分子束条件下,由423、420、412.2和408.4 nm的电离激光使OCS分子通过[3+1]共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)制备出OCs+ (X2Π)离子后,在260-325 nm范围内扫描解离激光获得了OCS+离子经由A2Π3/2←X2Π3/2 (000)和A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2 (000,001)跃迁的分质量光解离谱(母体离子OCS+的凹陷谱和碎片离子S+的增强谱).其中A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2 (001)跃迁的光解离谱是首次观察到.A2Π3/2←X2Π3/2(000)光解离谱得到了A2Π3/2电子态的光谱常数T0=31411.3 cm-1,v1=814.3 cm-1;由A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2 (000)光解离谱得到了A2Π1/2电子态的光谱常数v1=816 cm-1,v2=(380.4±2.8) cm-1,v3=(2052.7±5.1) cm-1,而从A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2 (001)光解离谱拟合出的A2Π1/2电子态的V1 (786.4 cm-1)稍有不同,表明在A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2(001)跃迁中A2Π1/2电子态的C-O键振动(V3)激发影响了A2Π1/2电子态C-S键的振动(V1).实验结果表明:在A2Π1/2←X2Π1/2(000,001)跃迁的光解离谱中能够显著观察到属于A2Π电子态的V2弯曲振动模激发的谱峰,例如A2Π1/2(020,120,021,…),而在A2Π1/2(v1v2v3)←A2Π3/2(000)跃迁的光解离谱中几乎没有观察到属于V2弯曲振动模激发的谱峰.这种弯曲振动激发和A2Π电子态的旋轨分裂分量(Ω)的相关性可以通过A2Π电子态的Fermi共振和Renner-Teller效应来解释.     

242-260nm波长区CS2分子的多光子解离电离

在242－260nm波氏范围通过CS2分子的共振增强多光子电离（REMPI）获得了母体离子CS和碎片离子的分质量激发谱．在λ＜246.4nm区间，CS激发谱上呈现出来源于CS2双光子电离的弥散谱带,碎片离子激发谱的归属强烈提示多光子过程中有中性基电子态的CS和S（经由CS2的光解离）产生：（1）CS 的谱带主要来源于中性CS碎片经由单光子跃迁产生的（1＋1）共振增强电离，（2）除了部分S 的谱峰来自CS 的光解外，多数S 的锐谱峰来自中性S原子经由3p3（2D0）4p，3p3（4S0）np（n＝6，7，8）←3p43pJ（J＝2，1,0）双光子跃迁产生的（2＋1）共振增强电离．     

卤化氢共振增强多光子电离光谱

测定了卤化氢(HCl, HBr 和HI) (2+1)共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)光谱, 采用模拟计算法分析推导出转动常数、谱带源以及Ω态振动谱带的同位素位移值. 得到的HCl数据同Green等人用常规分析法所推导的结果极为吻合. 得出8条振动谱带,其中包括V(¹∑⁺)态, E(¹∑⁺)的v'=4态以及HBr的5个新谱带, 此外还推导出HI的E态v'=1的4个振动谱带光谱参数. 观测了V和E态之间因同类相互作用而产生的不规则能级间距、转动参数和同位素位移. 讨论了HCl和HBr的E态和V态振动谱带中的转动谱线序列O和S对Q的强度比变化,提出了双光子激发机理.     

CF_3I在238 nm的光解碎片平动能谱研究:CF_3光解碎片的振动态分布和势能曲线交叉穿越几率

利用高分辨弱电场加速型光解碎片平动能谱仪,对CF3I在238 nm的光解动力学进行了研究.结果表明,来自3Q0平行跃迁的I*通道[CF3I(X)hν→‖CF3I(3Q0)→CF3(ν1,ν2)+I*],信号最强,并可以分辨出碎片CF3(ν1,ν2)的振动峰.通过对峰间距的分析,可以基本分辨出同时具有CF3碎片的振动波带CF3(ν1,ν2=0)与CF3(ν1,ν2=1).其中ν1=701 cm-1为对称伸缩振动,ν2=1086 cm-1为CF3伞形振动.测量了这些振动态的分布及振动波带分配比为∑P(ν1,1)/∑P(ν1,0)=0.48/0.52.还测得238 nm处4个光解通道的分支比:通道1(X→3Q0→I*)为0.664,通道2(X→3Q0→1Q1→I)为0.084,通道3(X→1Q1→I)为0.178,通道4(X→1Q1→3Q0→I*)为0.074.实验结果表明,3Q0→1Q1过程中的势能曲线交叉穿越几率P0→1=0.112,1Q1→3Q0过程中P1→0=0.294;I*通道的各向异性参数β(I*)=1.70,I通道β(I)=-0.04.     

一氧化碳的双共振多光子电离研究

用两束脉冲染料激光进行了CO的光学双共振四光子电离, 获得了转动分辩的CO A~(1Π)←X~(1Σ~+)和B~(1Σ~+)←A~(1Π)跃迁的光谱。观察到了在此2+1光子相继吸收中特有的选择定则。动力学研究表明CO基态到A~(1Π)态的双光子吸收是速率决定步骤, 其吸收截面约为1×10~(-49) cm~4 s。还测定了A~(1Π)态的单态转动传能截面。对于宇称指数e守恒、△J×±1的过程的截面约为0.05 nm; 随△J值增大而减小。对相同的△J, e正负变号的过程的截面总是小于e不变过程的截面。     

乙烯自由基(A)2A″(v′=0)←(X)2A′(v"=0)带的转动分析

通过193 nm光解丁烯酮分子产生乙烯基自由基(·C2H3).经射流冷却后,用另一束激光光解·CaH3,生成的氢原子碎片经共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)过程,记录氢离子信号随光解波长变化,得到20020～20070 cm-1范围内乙烯基激发的转动分辨光谱.该谱对应于(A)2A″(v′=0)←(X)aA′(v″=0)跃迁的转动结构.结合量子化学理论计算、光谱拟合以及前人的研究结果,对该段光谱进行了完整的转动识别,确定了40条转动谱线的位置.由光谱拟合还得到(A)2A″(v′=0)能级的预解离寿命为3.3 ps,且不依赖于转动量子数.     

超声射流CCl2 自由基激光诱导荧光激发谱

用CCl4/Ar混合气体脉冲直流高压放电产生CCl2自由基,在超声射流冷却下获得了CCl2 1B1- 1A1 440～580 nm 的K-结构分辨的激光诱导荧光激发谱.通过K-结构分辨谱的分析,对722条转动子谱带进行了归属,得到了激发态CCl2 1B1的两个全对称振动模式的振动频率、非谐性常数和转动常数差值,即激发态的振动频率ω1=631.20 cm-1, ω2=302.00 cm-1, A′-B′=3.476 cm-1.     

乙烯自由基~2A″(v′=0)←~2A′(v″=0)带的转动分析

通过193nm光解丁烯酮分子产生乙烯基自由基(·C2H3).经射流冷却后,用另一束激光光解·C2H3,生成的氢原子碎片经共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)过程,记录氢离子信号随光解波长变化,得到20020～20070cm-1范围内乙烯基激发的转动分辨光谱.该谱对应于A$2A″(v′=0)%X$2A′(v″=0)跃迁的转动结构.结合量子化学理论计算、光谱拟合以及前人的研究结果,对该段光谱进行了完整的转动识别,确定了40条转动谱线的位置.由光谱拟合还得到A$2A″(v′=0)能级的预解离寿命为3.3ps,且不依赖于转动量子数.     

气相CBr2 自由基的产生及激光诱导荧光色散谱研究

利用双层流动反应管作为束源,研究了F与CH2Br2反应生成的CBr2和Br2的气相激光诱导荧光色散谱,将得到的谱线分别指定为CBr2的(0,13,0)→(0,v2″,0)(v2″=1～6)跃迁和Br2的 3Π+u→ 1Σ+g跃迁,从光谱中首次得到气相CBr2自由基基态弯曲振动频率ν2″=215 cm-1,实验确认了CBr2自由基和Br2是F+CH2Br2过程多步反应的产物.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

化学计量中不确定度评定研究进展

测量不确定度是表征合理地赋予被测量之值的分散性的参数。本文针对化学计量不确定度评定基础模型仅适用于线性模型、概率分布为正态分布或缩放位移t分布等局限,介绍了近年来不确定度评定的研究热点:蒙特卡罗方法(Monte Carlo Method,MCM),不确定度评定的来源、评定概念、评估方法及其发展过程,扩大了测量不确定度评定与表示的适用范围。     

微量钙的测定方法研究进展

介绍了1995-2006年期间测定微量和痕量钙的方法,如电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法以及离子色谱法等的工作原理和特点,并说明了其测定微量钙的应用领域。并对微量钙的测定技术进行了展望(引用文献55篇)。     

Stages of thermal decomposition of sodium oxo-salts of sulphur

Thermal behaviour of sodium oxo-salts of sulphur: Na₂SO₄, Na₂S₂O₇, Na₂S₂O₆, Na₂SO₃, Na₂S₂O₅, Na₂S₂O₄, Na₂S₂O₃, Na₂S₃O₆ and of sulphides Na₂S and Na₂S₂ was studied on heating up to 1000°C. The experiments were performed with anhydrous compounds obtained from commercial products by recrystallisation and dehydration. The stage mechanisms of decomposition of anionic sub-lattices of the salts have been proposed basing on the Górski’s morphological classification of simple species. The thermal stability and the stage decomposition mechanisms were correlated with the structure and the potential chemical properties of the salt anions. The thermal decomposition processes were studied by means of thermal analysis, and the decomposition products were identified by means of X-ray phase analysis.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.