高碘酸氧化法快速测定进口粗甘油中甘油含量

建立了高碘酸氧化法快速测定进口粗甘油中甘油含量的分析方法。对高碘酸钠加入量、溶液pH值和放置时间等主要影响因素进行了考察。经试验确定了最佳实验条件:质量浓度为60 g/L的高碘酸钠溶液加入量35mL,pH值在0.4～1.6之间,放置时间40 min。在选定实验条件下,该方法测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.26%(n=7),加标回收率为97.2%～104.1%。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定无定形硼粉中的镁

提出了使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定Mg元素的方法。采用硝酸、盐酸溶解样品,用硝酸和盐酸的混合酸作为测定介质,在选定的仪器条件下直接测定Mg元素的检出限为0.0044μg/mL,相对标准偏差RSD(n=6)为0.49%～0.60%,样品加标回收率在94.0%～102.0%之间。经对比试验证明,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定无定形硼粉中Mg的测定值与美国军用标准重量法测定值一致。     

红外吸收法测定碳化铪粉末中的氧含量

应用氧氮分析仪建立碳化铪粉末中氧的测定方法。针对碳化铪熔点极高的特性,对加热功率、称样量和空白值等测定条件进行探讨,选择适合的助熔剂和高温石墨坩埚,确定了最佳测试条件。将该方法用于实际样品测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于2.0%(n=9),样品的加标回收率为98.1%～102.6%。     

微波消解-原子荧光光谱法测定聚乙烯中的汞

建立了微波消解-原子荧光光谱法测定聚乙烯(PE)中汞元素的方法。对消解试剂、载流酸度、还原剂浓度等工作条件进行了优化。汞的浓度在0～6 ng/mL范围内与荧光强度值线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.9999,方法的检出限为0.003 ng/mL,回收率在98.6%～102.6%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.1%(n=6)。     

微波消解样品-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定贝类中重金属含量

提出了石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定贝类中镉、铬、铜、铅、镍和锌等6种元素含量的方法。使用微波消解的方法处理样品,在优化的消解条件和仪器工作条件下,6种元素的质量浓度均在10mg.L-1以内与吸收值呈线性,检出限(3S/N)在0.005～0.011mg.L-1之间。方法用于贝类样品的分析,加标回收率在93.8%～108%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)在0.84%～4.2%之间。     

毛细管电泳-电致化学发光联用技术检测烟草中尼古丁含量

建立了毛细管电泳-电致化学发光联用技术(CE-ECL)检测烟草浸出液中尼古丁含量的方法。考察了检测电位、检测池中Ru(bpy)32+浓度和缓冲液pH值、CE运行缓冲液浓度和pH值、进样时间和电压,以及CE分离电压等实验条件对尼古丁测定的影响。在优化的条件下,尼古丁检测的线性范围为低浓度段:1～100μg/L(r>0.999)、高浓度段:100～1500μg/L(r>0.996),检出限为0.5μg/L(S/N=3)。将本方法用于3种品牌的烟草浸出液中尼古丁含量的测量,测定值均与烟盒上尼古丁的标注值相吻合,样品的加标回收率为95%～106%。     

水与氯冉酸的荷移反应及其分析应用

用分光光度法研究了氯冉酸与水的荷移反应, 探讨了反应机理, 确定了反应条件. 氯冉酸与水形成紫色络合物的最大吸收波长为530 nm. 水量在0.13%～6%范围内呈线性关系, 检出限为体积分数0.13%, 相对标准偏差小于2%. 用本法测定乙醇、面粉及香料中的微量水, 与标准方法测定值相符, 回收率为97%～102%.     

管式炉直接燃烧-红外吸收光谱法同时测定硅铁中碳和硫量

提出了管式炉直接燃烧-红外吸收光谱法测定硅铁中碳、硫含量的方法。对试验条件进行了优化,选择氧化铜(1.5g)为助熔剂,样品称样量为0.2～0.3g,碳和硫的分析时间为60s。方法的检出限为硫0.001%,碳0.004%。分析了标准样品(BH1917-1)进行准确度及精密度试验,测定结果与认定值相符,碳和硫测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)分别小于4%和8%。     

碘化钾―甲基异丁基甲酮萃取―火焰原子吸收法测定土壤中的痕量铅

土壤样品经微波消解,在优化的条件下,用碘化钾―甲基异丁基甲酮萃取,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定其中的铅。结果表明,在盐酸质量分数为1%～2%,萃取时间为2 min,平衡时间为15 min,样品中的铅能被定量萃取。方法检出限为0.1 mg/kg。方法用于土壤标准样品测定,测定值与标准值相符,相对标准偏差为1.2%～1.4%,相对误差为0.8%～2.5%。实际土壤样品的测定结果显示,回收率为99.8%～100.4%。     

微波消解试样-原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中硒碲

应用HG-AFS法及微波加热试样消解法测定了土壤中硒和碲的含量,对试样消解参数、仪器工作条件及氢化物发生反应条件等作了试验并讨论.该方法测定硒及碲的检出限均为0.01μg·g-1,荧光强度与硒及碲的质量浓度在5～100μg·L-1及0.5～10μg·L-1范围内呈线性关系.应用此方法分析了3个土壤试样,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于5%.用标准加入法作了回收试验,硒的回收率在92.0%～102.6%之间,碲的回收率在90.1%～98.8%之间.     

Application of experimental design in a method for screening sediments for global determination of organic tin by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS)

An experimental design was developed to obtain a simple procedure for global determination of organic tin compounds in sediment. Sediment was extracted by a two-phase method and tin was determined in the organic extract by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS), with palladium as chemical modifier. A Plackett-Burman design for screening and a fractional central composite design (CCD) for optimizing were used for evaluation of the effects of several variables. The results showed that sediment mass, volume and concentration of extracting acid, pyrolysis and atomization temperatures, and modifier concentration affect the determination. Reference material PACS-2 was analyzed to evaluate the procedure. It was possible to extract 82% of the organotin content certified in the reference sediment. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.08 microg g(-1) and the relative standard deviation was 4%. The method was applied to the analysis of estuarine superficial sediments from Gipuzkoa (Spain). The organotin content of these samples ranged from 0.7 to 7.7 microg g(-1), as tin, on a dry-weight basis.     

Determination of tin in marine materials by using hydride generation-high resolution inductively coulped plasma mass spectrometry

A hydride generation system combined with high-resolution inductively coulped plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine tin in marine materials. The optimization conditions for determination of tin in this system are 0.015 M of sulfuric acid solution as medium, 0.2% (w/v) of sodium tetrahydroborate(III) in 0.015 M of sodium hydroxide solution as a reductant and argon as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 1.1 l min(-1). In order to remove the interferences from transition element ions, a strongly basic anion exchanger was used in this method. Tin was converted to its chlorostannate with 2 M hydrochloric acid followed by passing to an anion exchanger. The tin absorbed on the column was then eluted with 1 M nitric acid. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit of the method was 12 ng l(-1) without using the anion column as preconcentration method. The results obtained using this method were in good agreement with the certified values of marine standard reference materials. The recoveries for the method when applied to determine trace tin in river water were 95-115%.     

锌粉-硼砂-硼酸熔融-碘酸钾滴定法测定高硅锡精矿中的锡

针对高硅锡精矿中锡的测定时通常用锌粉-氢氧化钠熔融,精密度差,不能满足分析要求的问题,建立了锌粉-硼砂-硼酸熔融,盐酸浸取,铝粒将锡还原,碘酸钾滴定法测定高硅锡精矿中锡的分析方法。方法结果稳定,精密度好,相对标准偏差在0.19%~0.55%,加标回收率在96.9%~105%。分析结果能够满足高硅锡精矿中锡的测定要求。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定锌锭中的微量元素

建立了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定锌锭中的Pb、Cd、Fe、Cu、Sn 5种杂质元素的方法。样品用硝酸(1+1)溶解后,在稀硝酸介质中利用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪测定其中Pb、Cd、Fe、Cu、Sn的含量,测定的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=3)小于1.7%,对锌光谱标样BYG0505的测定结果与标准值基本一致。实现了对锌锭中多种杂质元素的简便、快速、准确的同时测定。     

Simultaneous determination of tin, germanium and molybdenum by diode array detection-flow injection analysis with partial least squares calibration model

Simultaneous determination of tin, germanium and molybdenum in food samples has been established by flow injection-charge coupled detector (CCD) diode array detection spectrophotometry with partial least squares (PLS) algorithm. The method was based on the chromogenic reaction of metal ions and salicylflurone in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide. The overlapping spectra of these complexes are collected by CCD diode array detector and the multi-wavelength absorbance data are processed using partial least squares algorithm. The reaction conditions and analytical parameters of flow injection analysis have been investigated. The method was applied to directly determine Ge, Mo and Sn in several food samples after digestion with satisfactory results. The recoveries of spiked samples were 80.0-102.0% for tin, 86.3-92.0% for germanium and 83.2-95.2% for molybdenum, and the relative standard deviations for samples were 4.4-7.8%. Molybdenum in certified reference material of cattle liver was determined by the proposed method (n=8). The differential values between determined and guarantee values were within the given uncertain value ranges (t=1.687, P>0.05 for t-test). The samples of mung bean, kelp and pork liver were analyzed by the proposed method and inductively couple plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) method. The determination results of the two methods are in good agreement. The sampling rate is 30 samples h⁻¹.     

碱熔-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锡矿石中锡

本文采用过氧化钠碱熔消解样品,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱( ICP-AES)法,对锡矿石中锡含量进行了测定。当样品称样量为0.2g时加入2g过氧化钠就能使样品消解完全。为避免水解对测定结果的影响,样品处理后应尽快进行测定。本方法测定锡的检出限为38.4mg/ kg,12次平行测定的相对标准偏差小于5%,对标准物质的测定结果也令人满意。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定地质样品中的痕量金

用活性炭吸附,于5％盐酸溶液中用甲基异丁基酮(MIBK)萃取金,采用斜坡升温和热解涂层石墨管技术进行地质样品中痕量金的石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定,检出限为0．1ng/g。用该方法对标准物质进行测定,结果与标准值相符,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2．0％～6、9％(n=6)。     

Evaluation of x-ray fluorescence spectrometry for the determination of platinum in catalysts and comparison with other spectrometric techniques

An x-ray fluorescence (x.r.f.) method is described for the determination of platinum contents (0.3–0.6%) in some special types of platinum catalysts. Calibration graphs were linear in the range 30–700 μg g^?1 platinum with a 3σ detection limit of 10 μg g^?1 for a 2000-s counting time. Because of the lack of certified standard platinum catalysts for checking accuracy, the results obtained were compared with results from visible spectrophotometry (tin (II) chloride method), optical emission spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry. Statistical evaluation showed no significant errors at the 95% confidence interval.     

High-throughput determination of seven trace elements in food samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

A method was developed for high-throughput determinations of 7 elements in food samples, namely antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and tin (Sn). The samples were digested by closed-vessel microwave-assisted digestion using concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) as the medium, followed by microwave- assisted evaporation to concentrate the sample solutions before dilution to the desired volume. The microwave-assisted evaporation procedure effectively reduced the final acid concentration to around 8% before analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This reduction allows determination by ICP-MS to proceed without further sample dilution, which would affect the detection limit. The method was validated, and method recoveries for As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg were within the certified ranges of the chosen certified reference materials. Recoveries of the 7 elements from spiked samples ranged from 93.1 to 103.6%. The standard uncertainties of precision for the 7 elements were between 3.1 and 4.3%. Interlaboratory comparison studies for As, Cd, and Pb gave z-scores ranging from -0.2 to 0.3.     

高频红外碳硫分析仪测定石膏矿中的三氧化硫

利用高频红外碳硫仪对石膏矿中三氧化硫含量的测定进行了研究,取得了较好的结果.方法检出限为0.003 0%.用石膏标准样品(GBW03109a,GBW03110)进行分析,测定值与认定值相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=9)在0.32%~0.81%之间.使用石膏标准样品(GBW03111)进行本法与国标硫酸钡重量法做比对试验,测定结果无显著性差异.加标回收率为96.4%~104.0%.