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手性有机硼化合物在有机合成、医药、材料等诸多领域中有广泛的应用,发展该类化合物的高效合成方法一直广受关注.此前,我们发展了过渡金属催化卡宾对硼氢键(B—H)的插入反应,并实现了α-重氮酯对B—H键的不对称插入反应.本文以手性螺环双噁唑啉配体和铜的络合物作为催化剂,首次实现了α-重氮酮对膦-硼烷加合物的B—H键不对称插入反应,获得了较高的收率和高达83%ee的对映选择性.该研究成果是为数不多的以α-重氮酮作为卡宾前体的不对称杂原子氢键插入反应,为手性α-硼取代酮化合物这类新的有机硼化合物的合成提供了有效方法. 相似文献
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过渡金属催化卡宾对O-H键的不对称插入反应是合成手性醇及其衍生物的直接方法.近年来,人们发展了多种手性催化剂实现了重氮酯衍生的金属卡宾对醇、酚、羧酸甚至水的O-H键的高对映选择性插入反应,但是重氮酮作为卡宾前体的不对称O-H键插入反应鲜有成功的例子.以非手性双铑络合物和手性螺环磷酸组成的协同催化体系,首次实现了α-重氮酮对醇的O-H键的不对称插入反应,获得了较高的收率和高达95%ee的对映选择性.反应为手性α-烷氧基酮这类重要手性化合物提供了高效的合成方法.还通过密度泛函理论计算,对反应机理进行了初步研究,发现水很可能参与了手性磷酸促进的烯醇中间体质子转移过程. 相似文献
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手性烯烃配体是一类具有重要应用前景的新型配体,自发展以来就引起化学家们的广泛关注.手性烯烃配体在一些反应中表现出比传统氮、磷、氧配体更高的活性和选择性,实现了一些使用其它类型配体不能实现的化学转化.为了增强手性烯烃配体与金属的配位能力,化学家们在其骨架上引入杂原子,发展得到混合型的烯烃配体,增加了配体的多样性,对进一步拓展手性烯烃配体的类型和应用具有非常重要的意义.目前关于手性烯烃配体已经有一些综述,本综述将着重介绍最近几年来发展的手性开链双烯配体、手性膦烯烃配体和手性硫烯烃配体及其在过渡金属催化的不对称反应领域的应用. 相似文献
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手性钯络合物催化下2-硝基环酮的不对称烯丙基化反应 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在用氮杂冠醚改良的手性二茂铁膦与钯的络合物催化下, 2-硝基环酮可进行不对称烯丙基化反应. 讨论了配位基的形状, 反应物的构造, 碱的类型以及反应时间对反应速率和立体选择性的影响. 通过增加反应的空间位阻改进了反应的立体选择性 . 相似文献
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手性羰基铁络合物很少被用于芳香酮的不对称氢转移氢化.利用不同的羰基铁络合物与手性双胺双膦配体现场络合,形成手性胺膦铁催化体系.考察了它们对多种芳香酮的不对称氢转移催化氢化性能.结果表明,三核的手性胺膦铁簇合物是催化芳香酮不对称氢转移氢化的较好体系.当用三核的铁簇合物[Et3NH]+[HFe3(CO)11]-体系催化1,1-二苯基丙酮的氢化时,最高可获得98%的对映选择性.通过现场红外光谱测定,揣测羰基铁簇合物Fe3(CO)12在催化反应过程中保持三核的簇合物的簇骼不变. 相似文献
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Several chiral Schiff base ligands derived from α-amino acids were prepared, and zinc complexes with these chiral Schiff base ligands prepared were tested for the catalytic asymmetric hydrosilylation of ketones, and the results showed that excellent ee values were obtained, which are the prominent examples of catalytic asymmetric hydrosilylation of ketones catalyzed with zinc complexes in the presence of readily available and inexpensive α-amino acids based Schiff base ligands. 相似文献
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Amir H. Hoveyda James P. Morken 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》1996,35(12):1262-1284
The development of catalytic processes that effect enantioselective bond formation under mild conditions is an important and challenging task in modern chemical synthesis. In this connection, chiral C2-symmetric ansa-metallocenes (bridged metallocenes) have found notable applications as catalysts. This article discusses the chemistry of this class of chiral metallocene complexes with regard to their utility in catalytic and enantioselective C? C and C? H bond formation reactions. In addition, where applicable, a brief comparison with other related catalytic enantioselective processes is offered. Many of the reactions effected with high levels of enantioselectivity by catalytic amounts of these complexes are of great significance to the preparation of new materials and in the synthesis of therapeutic agents. For example, zirconocene complexes readily catalyze the enantioselective addition of alkylmagnesium halides to alkenes, and cationic zirconocene complexes may promote the highly stereoregulated copolymerization of terminal alkenes. Furthermore, the related chiral titanocenes are involved in an impressive range of useful asymmetric catalytic reactions, including the enantioselective hydrogenation of olefins and reduction of imines or ketones. This review attempts to bring together the practical aspects of the use of [(ebthi)M] complexes of Group 4 transition metals (catalyst synthesis and resolution), outline the manner in which the C2-symmetric chiral ligands are believed to initiate stereoselective bond formation, and highlight the aspects of this chemistry that are less well understood and require further research. 相似文献
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Control of stereochemistry during aldol addition reactions has attracted considerable interest over the years as the aldol reaction is one of the most fundamental tools for the construction of new carbon-carbon bonds. Several strategies have been implemented whereby eventually any single possible stereoisomeric aldol product can be accessed by choosing the appropriate procedure. With earlier methods, stoichiometric quantities of chiral reagents were required for efficient asymmetric induction, with the auxiliary most often attached covalently to the substrate carbonyl. Lewis acid catalyzed addition reactions of silyl enolates to aldehydes (Mukaiyama reaction) later opened the way for catalytic asymmetric induction. In the last few years, both chiral metal complexes and small chiral organic molecules have been found to catalyse the direct aldol addition of unmodified ketones to aldehydes with relatively high chemical and stereochemical efficiency. These techniques along with the more recent developments in the area are discussed in this tutorial review. 相似文献
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The common use of NHC complexes in transition‐metal mediated C–C coupling and metathesis reactions in recent decades has established N‐heterocyclic carbenes as a new class of ligand for catalysis. The field of asymmetric catalysis with complexes bearing NHC‐containing chiral ligands is dominated by mixed carbene/oxazoline or carbene/phosphane chelating ligands. In contrast, applications of complexes with chiral, chelating bis(NHC) ligands are rare. In the present work new chiral iridium(I) bis(NHC) complexes and their application in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones are described. A series of chiral bis(azolium) salts have been prepared following a synthetic pathway, starting from L ‐valinol and the modular buildup allows the structural variation of the ligand precursors. The iridium complexes were formed via a one‐pot transmetallation procedure. The prepared complexes were applied as catalysts in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of various prochiral ketones, affording the corresponding chiral alcohols in high yields and moderate to good enantioselectivities of up to 68%. The enantioselectivities of the catalysts were strongly affected by the various, terminal N‐substituents of the chelating bis(NHC) ligands. The results presented in this work indicate the potential of bis‐carbenes as stereodirecting ligands for asymmetric catalysis and are offering a base for further developments. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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《Tetrahedron: Asymmetry》2007,18(17):2049-2054
New efficient catalyst systems, coupled with IrCl(COD)PPh3 and chiral [SNNS]-type ligands, were employed in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones under mild reaction conditions. The corresponding optically active alcohols were obtained in high yield and good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee). The chiral Ir(I) complexes with the ligands of [SNNS]-type were also prepared and characterized, which showed good enantioselectivity and high activity. The reactions can be performed in air and the catalytic experiments are greatly simplified. 相似文献
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Ishii T Fujioka S Sekiguchi Y Kotsuki H 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2004,126(31):9558-9559
Direct catalytic asymmetric Michael addition reactions of ketones to nitroolefins using newly developed chiral pyrrolidine-pyridine conjugate bases as catalysts are described. The desired 1,4-adducts are obtained in excellent yields with high enantio- and diastereoselectivities. 相似文献