毛细管柱直接进样法测定白酒香味组分的研究

直接注入白酒以准确测定微量香味组分含量是近年来研究白酒香味的首选技术,围绕所选的３种柱型,对色谱分离条件、气相色谱／质谱（ＧＣ／ＭＳ）定性及采用３个内标物的定量方法作了较详细的探讨,列出了可供定量的６８个组分名称,并对３种毛细管柱的应用特性作了比较。     

快速气相色谱法分析白酒中的香味组分

中国的传统白酒里含有多种香味组分,包括醇类、醛类、酸类和酯类,它们的比率决定着白酒的香型和品质。这些组分可以使用气相色谱仪进行很好的分析并定性和定量。为了缩短分析时间,建立了一种快速检测白酒中香味组分的气相色谱法。采用该方法,用20 m×0.1 mm×0.1 μm的熔融石英毛细管柱在12 min之内完成了对白酒中香味组分的分析,分析时间只是传统色谱方法的三分之一。该方法的重现性良好。     

气相色谱法测定丙烯酸研究

利用气相色谱法对测定丙烯酸进行了较系统的研究。考察了丙烯酸中的阻聚剂和其它成分的气相色谱条件。本法一次进样可同时测定丙烯酸中各组分和阻聚剂,大大节省了检测时间,为工业生产丙烯酸提供了一种快速、有效的测定方法。     

气相色谱法测定洗涤剂用脂肪醇

建立了一种快速、准确测定洗涤剂用脂肪醇的气相色谱分析方法。采用气相色谱和质谱联机方法对洗涤剂用脂肪醇进行了定性分析，采用气相色谱法对洗涤剂用脂肪醇进行了定量分析。用正构脂肪醇对定量分析方法进行了考察，其结果的相对标准误差为2．2％。用气相色谱确定了每个组分的含量，定量结果的相对标准偏差小于2．6％。分析结果为装置操作优化及改进洗涤剂脂肪醇的正构度提供了技术支持。     

超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法分离鉴定烟草中5种糖苷类香味前体物质

采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法(UPLC-ESI MS/MS)并结合气相色谱-质谱法分离鉴定了烟草中5种主要的糖苷类香味前体物质。烟样经甲醇提取、XAD-2柱净化,得到初步纯化的糖苷,在pH 5条件下将其酶解,释放出糖苷配基。采用气相色谱-质谱分析并通过标准谱库检索确定了5种挥发性苷元;然后通过电喷雾质谱(负离子模式)确定糖苷母离子并作碎片离子扫描(MS2),确定了5种糖苷类香味前体物质的存在形式;最后采用UPLC-ESI MS/MS,以甲醇和乙酸-乙酸铵水溶液为流动相,通过RP-C18柱分离,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下,鉴定了烟草中5种主要的糖苷类香味前体物质,为应用液相色谱-质谱分析缺乏标准样品的糖苷类香味前体物质奠定了基础。     

毛细管色谱直接进样法测定白酒中高碳脂肪酸乙酯的研究

介绍了采用ＦＦＡＰ键合毛细管柱直接进样测定白酒中５种高碳脂肪酸乙酯的方法，操作简捷，定量准确，检测限低达０４ｍｇ／Ｌ。用该法测定了各种香型近９０个白酒样品。改变色谱条件后，在一次直接进样分析中除能测定高碳脂肪酸乙酯外，而且还能对白酒中醇、酯、醛、酮以及有机酸等５２种香味组分进行定量测定，结果重现性良好。     

食品香味释放

食品香味释放通常指的是香味成分在食品食用过程中的释放。香味释放受到化学相互作用、传质以及人为因素例如牙齿数目、咀嚼效率、咀嚼时间、呼吸过程等影响。任何一种香味成分与食品组分之间的相互作用都会限制香味刺激向感官受体的传递,从而影响香味感觉。本文对3种香味物与食品主要组分之间的相互作用,也即脂质/香味相互作用、碳水化合物/香味相互作用以及蛋白质/香味相互作用进行了介绍。     

同时裂解甲基化气相色谱法鉴别合成胶粘剂

 应用同时裂解甲基化气相色谱法 (Py Me GC)对合成胶粘剂进行了鉴别。采用热丝型裂解器、氢火焰离子化气相色谱仪、FFAP毛细管柱、程序升温方式及季铵盐甲基化试剂 ,对刑事案件中常见的丙烯酸酯类及其改性体、醋酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇等合成胶粘剂进行了测定 ,并对样品裂解各主要组分峰进行了GC/MS定性分析 ,同时比较了相同样本用常规裂解气相色谱法 (Py GC)测定的结果。结果表明 :Py Me GC法比Py GC法可获得更多的物质组分信息 ,是一种适用于法庭科学鉴定的方法。     

多元气体混合物色谱特性及测定研究

]本文提出了一种为分析测定CO2,O2,N2,SO2,CO2,CH4,H2S以及NO的气相色谱系统。通过对组分间分离度与温度等条件之间关系的考察确定最佳色谱操作参数。设计了自动转换信号极性的电子线路,使方法具有快速、自动、操作简单等特点。     

在线净化加速溶剂萃取–气相色谱–质谱法测定土壤中11种半挥发性有机物

采用加速溶剂萃取法对样品进行在线净化和萃取,气相色谱–质谱法测定土壤中11种半挥发性有机物.考察了净化条件、萃取剂、浓缩条件等因素对土壤中11种半挥发性有机物测定的影响,分析了在线净化和离线净化的差异以及在线净化的优势.以弗罗里硅土和石墨化碳黑为净化剂,石英砂为分散剂,土壤样品经快速溶剂萃取仪在线净化萃取,浓缩后采用气...     

一种香精的气相色谱—裂解气相色谱联用分析方法

讨论了裂解二次反应对气相色谱—裂解气相色谱联用定性分析起的作用,改进了气相色谱—裂解气相色谱联用装置,对7组分的香精作定性分析,研究了多种实验条件与定性参数的关系,提出可用一组裂解色谱参数作为实用的主要定性依据,另一组参数作为辅助依据。     

Rapid gas analyses for the investigation of spontaneous combustion using capillary gas chromatography

A simple and fast but sensitive and precise gas chromatographic method is described for the quantitative determination of O(2), N(2), CO, CO(2), C1 and C2-hydrocarbons for coal research. Gas analyses are necessary to obtain parameters for modelling spontaneous combustion and to predict long term coal behaviour. The method is based on a single PLOT-type capillary column in a single channel gas chromatograph. Using a micro-volume TCD coupled in series with a FID detector containing a capillary methanizer it is possible to determine high and trace level gases simultaneously. Trace quantities of CO and CO(2) can be determined with a single analysis and the detection limits are improved significantly using the capillary methanizer. The detection limit of the described method is approximately ten parts per million CO(2) and one part per million CO. Using the same instrument configuration the O(2)/N(2) ratios (major components), as parameter for coal reactivity, are also determined. The proposed approach is restricted to the determination of gases evolved during coal studies and the application to other gas mixtures is not considered.     

Fingerprint developing of coffee flavor by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and combined chemometrics methods

In this paper, chromatographic fingerprint was firstly used for quality control of tobacco flavors. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and combined chemometrics methods, a simple, reliable and reproducible method for developing chromatographic fingerprint of coffee flavor, one of tobacco flavors, was described. Six coffee flavor samples obtained from different locations were used to establish the fingerprint. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of coffee flavor sample from Shenzhen was completed with the help of subwindow factor analysis (SFA). Fifty-two components of 68 separated constituents in coffee flavor sample from Shenzhen, accounting for 88.42% of the total content, were identified and quantified. Then, spectral correlative chromatography (SCC) was used to extract the common peaks from other five studied coffee flavor samples. Thirty-eight components were found to exist in all six samples. Finally, the method validation of fingerprint analysis was performed based on the relative retention time and the relative peak area of common peaks, sample stability and similarity analysis. The similarities of six coffee flavor samples were more than 0.9104 and showed that samples from different locations were consistent to some extent. The developed chromatographic fingerprint was successfully used to differentiate coffee flavor from coco flavor and some little difference sample prepared with coffee flavor and coco flavor by both similarity comparison and principal component projection analysis. The developed method can be used for quality control of coffee flavor.     

Use of radio-gas chromatography and tritium label to optimize derivatization procedures

A sensitive determination of gas chromatographic peak yields by a new radio-gas chromatograph equipped with a synchronized accumulating radioisotope detector is described. Peak yields could be easily determined by the radio-gas chromatograph using [3H]hexadecane or [3H]androstenedione as a standard substance. The usefulness of the determination of peak yields was demonstrated by optimizing the derivatization conditions of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha.     

顶空吸附萃取-气相色谱法分析小麦中部分风味物质

采用顶空吸附萃取法(headspace sorptive extraction, HSSE)建立了小麦中部分风味物质的分析方法。以硅橡胶为原料,采用溶胶-热空气硫化法,在模具中定型制得硅橡胶萃取棒。萃取棒的硅橡胶层体积约为87 μL,热稳定性好,耐热温度达到390 ℃。萃取棒吸附的风味物质经自制热解吸装置热脱附,被吹扫进入气相色谱仪进行分析。考察了萃取温度及时间、相比、热解吸条件对该方法萃取效率的影响。在优化条件下分析小麦粉标准样品,结果表明:方法的线性关系良好(r>0.9979),检出限为0.09～1.00 μg/kg,标准物质的平均添加回收率为95%～121%,相对标准偏差在2.2%～7.8%之间。对小麦粉实际样品进行分析,采用外标法得到了7种风味物质的绝对含量。该方法简便快捷,检出限低,适用于小麦中风味物质的快速定量分析。     

近两年国内气相色谱的应用进展(Ⅰ)

傅若农男，1930年出生，1953年毕业与北京大学化学系，到1998年退休前一直在北京理工大学(前身为北京工业学院)工作，1986年晋升为教授，并被国务院学位委员会评定为第三批博士生导师。多年来从事色谱分析方面的教学和研究工作，研究方向为：气相色谱和毛细管气相色谱新固定相，     

On-line multidimensional supercritical fluid chromatography/capillary gas chromatography

A new analytical technique combining on-line supercritical fluid chromatography with capillary gas chromatography has been developed. The supercritical fluid sample effluent is decompressed through a restrictor directly into a conventional capillary gas chromatographic injection port. This technique allows for not only direct (100%) sample transfer from the supercritical fluid chromatograph to the gas chromatograph but also for selective or multi-step heartcutting of various sample peaks as they elute from the supercritical fluid chromatograph. Heartcut times are determined by monitoring the responses from the flame ionization or ultraviolet absorbance detectors on the supercritical fluid chromatograph. This report describes the operational setup and provides the results of heartcut reproducibility experiments using normal hydrocarbon and aromatic test mixtures. Results from studies where operational parameters were varied, such as GC injector temperature, will also be provided. The potential usefulness of this new technique for selective heartcutting will also be demonstrated using complex hydrocarbon streams.     

全盘自动化气相色谱仪单纯形寻优

自行研制的全盘自动化气相色谱仪在通用计算机的支持下,通过单纯形自动寻优,在色谱专家水平上建立了分析样品的最佳气相色谱分析方法。