一个包含Cu（Ⅱ）和氮氧自由基自旋支链的新颖杂自旋一维链状化合物的结构和磁性研究

本文合成了一个含Cu（Ⅱ）离子和氮氧自由基自旋支链的新颖杂自旋-维链状化合物{[Cu（tcph）（H20）4][cu（tcph）（NIT3Py）2]·2H2O}n（1）（tcph=四氯令K苯二甲酸,NIT3Py=2．（3’-吡啶基）-4,4,5,5-四甲基咪唑啉-3-氧化-1-氧基自由基）．对其结构分析表明,该配合物是一个由四氯邻苯二甲酸连接Cu（Ⅱ）离子构成的一维链状化合物,其中自由基作为自旋支链与水分子分别交替与链上的Cu（Ⅱ）离子进行配位．磁性研究中我们采用了计入自旋态布居的一维链近似模型对其磁性数据进行了合理的拟合,得到以下耦合参数：Jcu2-Rad=22．4cm^-1和J′cul-cu2=-2．4cm^-1,表明分子内Cu2与NIT3Py自由基问存在铁磁相互作用,而由四氯邻苯二甲酸连接的Cu1和Cu2间存在反铁磁作用．     

手性冠醚为手性分离选择剂的胶束毛细管电泳在线富集分离吉米沙星对映体

以手性冠醚为胶束毛细管电泳手性分离选择剂,对吉米沙星对映体药物的在线富集分离进行了研究.考察了阳离子表面活性剂十二烷基三甲基溴化铵浓度、运行缓冲溶液中有机添加剂含量和进样方式对对映体的富集和分离度的影响.使用未涂层毛细管柱(37 cm×51 μm,有效柱长30 cm),45 mmol/L Bis-Tris缓冲液+10 mmol/L十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)+1 mmol/L手性冠醚+11%乙腈为运行缓冲溶液(pH=4.0),在紫外检测波长280 nm、运行电压-10 kV、电动进样条件下,对吉米沙星对映体进行在线推扫(sweeping)富集分离,在基线分离的前提下,富集倍数可达600～700倍.吉米沙星浓度为0.3 μmol/L时,两对映体峰高的相对标准偏差<4.0%(n=7).本方法为毛细管电泳在痕量对映体药物分析等方面的应用提供了新方法.     

流动注射化学发光法测定甲磺酸帕珠沙星

在酸性条件下甲磺酸帕珠沙星（Pazufloxacin Mesylas）对Ce（Ⅳ）-Na2SO3弱化学发光体系具有很强的增敏作用,据此建立了流动注射化学发光法测定甲磺酸帕珠沙星的新方法。该方法的线性范围为1.0&#215;10^-2-7.0 mg/L,检出限为2.0&#215;10^-3mg/L,相对标准偏差RSD（n=11,ρ=1.0 mg/L）为1.7%,回收率为94%-101%。已用于NaCl注射液中甲磺酸帕珠沙星的测定。     

由生物质合成高密度喷气燃料

高密度喷气燃料是为先进航空航天飞行器而合成的燃料,以生物质基原料制备高密度喷气燃料符合国家可持续发展战略并可拓展燃料来源。本文综述了近年来由生物质基原料制备高密度喷气燃料的研究进展,燃料种类包括链烷烃、带支链的单环烷烃以及多环烷烃,燃料合成原料包括环酮（醇）、呋喃醛（醇）、芳香族含氧化合物（苯酚、苯甲醚、愈创木酚）、蒎烯等生物质及其平台化合物。发动机的推进性能高度依赖于所用燃料的性能,其中,最重要的性能是密度和低温性能。本文总结了典型燃料的性能以讨论分子结构的影响,增加燃料分子中环的个数会增加燃料密度但是也会导致低温性能不期望的变化,引入支链可改善低温性能。同时讨论了烷基化、缩合、加成、加氢脱氧等燃料合成反应涉及的催化剂、反应机理及其调控等关键因素,最后对由生物质基原料合成高密度喷气燃料的发展趋势进行了展望。本文将有助于探索及发展高密度燃料合成的方法及工艺。     

一种测定三磷酸腺苷二钠的新荧光光度法

该文利用荧光光谱和吸收光谱研究了三磷酸腺苷二钠（ATP）与依诺沙星（ENX）和Tb^3＋的相互作用。依诺沙星与Tb^3＋形成二元络合物发射出位于545nm处的特征荧光,加入三磷酸腺苷二钠（ATP）后,体系的荧光强度显著增强,且增强的荧光强度与ATP的加入量成正比,据此建立了荧光分光光度法测量ATP的方法。实验测得,ATP的线性范围是2．00～20．0μmol&#183;L^-1检出限为6．83&#215;10^-8mol&#183;L^-1。研究了共存物质的影响和Tb^3＋ -依诺沙星与三磷酸腺苷二钠的相互作用机理。该法成功地用于样品中ATP的测定。     

(S)-3-羟基四氢呋喃的合成研究进展

综述了(S)-3-羟基四氢呋喃制备方法的研究现状,重点阐述了三种合成方法：（1）手性底物合成法;（2）手性催化剂不对称合成法;（3）酶催化不对称合成法。分析了不同制备方法的优劣,并对其未来发展进行了展望。参考文献45篇。     

2-亚胺吡啶镍配合物的合成、晶体结构及催化乙烯聚合

经过一系列化学反应,在吡啶环上引入特丁基及甲醛基,再与2,6-二异丙基苯胺反应生成2-（N-2,6-二异丙基苯亚氨基）亚甲基-6-特丁基吡啶（g）配体,并合成了相应的配合物[NiBr₂（g）]（h）。配合物h的单晶结构表明其为单配体单金属结构,属于正交晶系,a=1.52776（14）nm,b=1.60846（15）nm,c=1.83777（17）nm,晶胞体积4.5160（7）nm³,Z=8。在助催化剂MAO的作用下,考察了催化乙烯聚合特性,在0℃时,所得聚合产物中包括支化聚合物和齐聚物,其中支化聚合物的分子量M_w=1.09×10⁴,其支链大部分为甲基、丁基和长支链,支链密度为58.5。     

铁(Ⅲ)-依诺沙星-SDS三元体系的荧光特性及应用

喹诺酮类药物是一类化学合成抗菌素，在临床上有重要用途。由于其分子结构的特殊性，它们可与许多金属离子发生络合反应，根据其分子吸收或荧光光谱的变化可对药物或金属含量进行测定。依诺沙星（Erloxacin）是临床上广泛应用的第三代喹诺酮类药物，其分子本身具有内源性荧光。本文在实验中发现，在表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）的存在下，微量铁（Ⅲ）的加入可使依诺沙星的内源性荧光显著猝灭，据此建立了铁（Ⅲ）-依诺沙星-SDS三元体系测定微量铁（Ⅲ）的荧光分析方法。该法灵敏、准确，直接用于水样和食品中微量铁的测定，结果满意。     

支链淀粉-三(苯基氨基甲酸酯)手性固定相的制备及酸性外消旋药物联苯双酯的拆分

合成并制备了支链淀粉－三（苯基氨基甲酸酯）手性固定相，利用高效液相色谱首次拆分了酸性外消旋药物联苯双酯，考察了流动相中异丙醇含量对拆分的影响。     

流动注射化学发光法测定依诺沙星

在碱性介质中,发现依诺沙星对Luminol-H2O2化学发光体系有很强的增敏作用。基于此,提出了一种流动注射化学发光测定依诺沙星的新方法。对检测条件进行了优化。在优化条件下,依诺沙星的线性范围为1.5×10-8～2.0×10-7mol/L,检出限为2.8×10-9mol/L。对1.0×10-7mol/L依诺沙星平行测定11次,其RSD为1.7%。将此方法成功应用于注射用葡萄糖依诺沙星、依诺沙星滴眼液和依诺沙星片3种实际样品中依诺沙星含量的测定。结合化学发光光谱和紫外可见吸收光谱,对该反应机理进行了探讨。     

2，6-双（3’-溴甲基-1’-吡唑基）-4-溴吡啶的合成与表征

以2,6-双（3’-甲基-1’-吡唑基）4-氨基吡啶为原料,经重氮化,溴化合成了新型时间分辨荧光免疫分析双功能螯合剂中间体2,6-双（3＇-溴甲基-1’-吡唑基）4-溴吡啶．结构通过IR,MS,^1HNMR和元素分析进行了表征,对合成条件进行了探讨．     

Lipase-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of desprenyl-carquinostatin A and descycloavandulyl-lavanduquinocin

An asymmetric synthesis of the core carbazole structure, 6-desprenyl-carquinostatin 3 and 6-descycloavandulyl-lavanduquinocin 3, toward a total synthesis of carquinostatin A (1) and lavanduquinocin (2), has been established. Lipase QLM (Meito) catalyzed enantioselective acetylation of the racemic alcohol 6 gave the (-)-acetate 7 and the (+)-alcohol 6 with high enantioselectivity. The absolute stereochemistry of the (-)- and (+)-alcohol 6 have been determined to be R- and S-configurations, respectively, by the advanced Mosher method. In the same manner, the (-)-acetate 13 and the (+)-alcohol 12 have been obtained from the racemic alcohol 12. The (R)-(-)-acetate 13, derived from the (R)-(-)-acetate 7, was the same as the (-)-acetate 13, which has been determined to be (R)-configuration. Oxidation of the (R)-(-)-acetate 13 followed by hydrolysis afforded (R)-(-)-6-desprenyl-carquinostatin [and (R)-(-)-6-descycloavandulyl-lavanduquinocin] 3. In addition, oxidation of the (S)-(+)-alcohol 12 provided (S)-(+)-3, which is the enantiomer of 6-desprenyl-carquinostatin A (R)-(-)-3.     

1-取代-4,5-二(4-氯苯基)咪唑的合成和结构表征

合成了6种1-取代-4,5-二(4-氯苯基)咪唑.以对氯苯乙酸和氯苯为原料,经Friedel-Crafts酰基化反应、二氧化锡氧化、与多聚甲醛和乙酸铵环合制备了中间体4,5-二(4-氯苯基)咪唑(5),5再经取代得到3个1-取代-4,5-二-(4-氯苯基)咪唑类化合物6a-c.6a再分别与液体胺经亲核取代反应得到3个1-取代乙酰胺类-4,5-二-(4-氯苯基)咪唑类化合物7a-c.目标化合物结构用核磁共振氢谱和红外光谱进行了表征.     

Kinetics and mechanism of ring transformation of S-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-on-3-yl]isothiuronium bromide to 2-methylimino-5-[2-(4-methoxyphenylamino)ethyl]thiazolidin-4-one

The kinetics and mechanism of transformation reaction of S-[1-(4- methoxyphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-one-3-yl]-N-methyl-isothiuronium bromide into 2-methylimino-5-[2-(4-methoxyphenylamino) ethyl)]thiazolidin-4-one have been studied in aqueous solutions of amine buffers (pH 8.1-11.5) and sodium hydroxide solutions (0.005-0.5 mol l-1) at 25 degrees C and at I = 1 mol l-1 at pseudo-first-order reaction conditions. The kinetics observed shows that the transformation reaction is subject to general base, general acid, and hydroxide-ion catalyses. The rate-limiting step of transformation is the splitting-off a proton from the tetrahedral intermediate In. The value of pKa for S-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)- pyrrolidin-2-one-3-yl]-N-methylisothiuronium bromide has been determined from the kinetic data (pKa = 8.75 +/- 0.10) and by potentiometric titration (pKa = 8.90 +/- 0.05). With increasing pKa value of the acid buffer component, the value of Br?nsted coefficient beta gradually decreases from about 0.7 to almost zero. The value of pKa approximately 10 for the intermediate to base-catalysed transformation has been found from this dependence. In the N-methylpyrrolidine and triethylamine buffers, the rate-limiting step of transformation is changed into ring opening of In-, and the general-base-catalysed reaction changes into a specific-base-catalysed one.     

杀菌剂肟菌酯的合成工艺

以邻甲基苯乙酸为起始原料,经过氧化、酯化、肟化及溴代反应,最后与间三氟甲基苯乙酮肟缩合制备了杀菌剂肟菌酯.每步的反应产物均通过1 H NMR确认,总收率为17%.本工艺路线采用廉价的起始原料降低了生产成本,反应条件温和且易于控制,各步收率较高,有进一步研究与应用价值.     

萘并吡喃的合成工艺改进及其光致变色性能

4,4′-二甲氧基二苯甲酮与乙炔钠经亲核加成反应制得1,1-二（4-甲氧基苯基）-2-丙炔-1-醇(2);以4,4′-二甲基二苯甲酮为原料,经3步反应制得中间体5-羟基-3,9-二甲基-苯并芴-7-酮（6）; 6与2经脱水反应合成了萘并吡喃（7）,总收率16.3％,其结构经¹H NMR和IR确证。采用UV-Vis研究了7的光致变色性能。结果表明：7的二甲基亚砜溶液（1.0×10^-4 mol·L^-1）在可见光区呈无色,经过254 nm紫外光照射后呈蓝色,停止紫外光照射一段时间后溶液变回无色。随着光照时间的延长,吸光度呈上升趋势;反复进行紫外光的照射,吸光度变化不明显,表明7具有良好的抗疲劳性。     

In situ soft X-ray studies of ethylene oxidation mechanisms and intermediates on the Pt(111) surface

In situ studies of ethylene oxidation on Pt(111) have been performed using a powerful combination of fluorescence yield soft X-ray methods for temperatures up to 600 K and oxygen pressures up to 0.01 Torr. Absolute carbon coverages have been determined both in steady-state and dynamic catalytic conditions on the Pt(111) surface. Fluorescence yield near-edge spectroscopy (FYNES) and temperature-programmed fluorescence yield near-edge spectroscopy (TP-FYNES) experiments above the carbon K edge were used to identify the structure and bonding of the dominant surface species during oxidation. TP-FYNES experiments of preadsorbed ethylene coverages in oxygen pressures up to 0.01 Torr indicate a stable intermediate is formed over the 215-300 K temperature range. By comparing the intensity of the C-H sigma resonance at the magic angle with the intensity in the carbon continuum, the stoichiometry of this intermediate has been determined explicitly. Based on calibration with known C-H stoichiometries, the intermediate has a C(2)H(3) stoichiometry for oxygen pressures up to 0.01 Torr, indicating oxydehydrogenation occurs before skeletal oxidation. FYNES spectra at normal and glancing incidences were performed to characterize the structure and bonding of this intermediate. Using FYNES spectra of ethylene, ethylidyne, and acetylene as reference standard, this procedure indicates the oxidation intermediate is tri-sigma vinyl. Thus, oxidation of ethylene proceeds through a vinyl intermediate, with oxydehydrogenation preceding skeletal oxidation.     

1-（4-硝基苯基）-3-（2-苯并咪唑）-三氮烯的合成及与铜（Ⅱ）的显色反应

报道了1-（4-硝基苯基）-3-（2-苯并咪唑）-三氮烯（NPBMT）的合成及其与铜（Ⅱ）的显色反应。在非离子表面活性剂OP存在下,于pH11．5的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲介质中,NPBMT与铜（Ⅱ）形成2：1的桔红色络合物,络合物的最大吸收峰为417nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为2．62×10^4 L·mol^-1·cm^-1,10mL溶液中,铜（Ⅱ）量在0—15μg／mL范围内符合比尔定律。该法用于人发和食品中微量铜的测定,测定结果与AAS法相符。     

Location of a branch in a saturated carbon chain

Oxidative degradation by chromic acid in glacial acetic acid has been developed as an effective method for location of a branch in a saturated carbon chain. Detection of cleavage products by use of gas phase chromatography allows convenient application of the method to samples of 3–10 mg. Several branched-chain acids and a branched-chain hydrocarbon have been found to yield the expected cleavage products; however, selective attack on a branch located alpha, beta or gamma to carboxyl is not significant. The mechanism of the oxidation and the protective influence of carboxyl are discussed.     

A biocatalytic one-pot oxidation/reduction sequence for the deracemisation of a sec-alcohol

Biocatalytic deracemisation via inversion of rac-2-decanol was accomplished by a combined oxidation/reduction sequence using the same ‘single’ catalyst for both steps. Overall, the (R)-alcohol was inverted to the corresponding (S)-alcohol. Lyophilised cells of various Rhodococci spp. were tested for the unselective oxidation of the racemic sec-alcohol using acetone as the hydrogen acceptor in the first step. For the second step, the stereoselective asymmetric reduction of the corresponding ketone, 2-propanol was employed as the hydrogen donor. Employing lyophilised cells of Rhodococcus sp. CBS 717.73 racemic 2-decanol was transformed to (S)-2-decanol with excellent enantiomeric excess (92% ee) and yield (82% isolated yield) in the combined one-pot oxidation/reduction sequence.