水性颜料体系无树脂色浆的制备与应用

中性墨水属于热力学上不稳定的颜料悬浮体系,选择低黏度、高稳定性的色浆是保证墨水体系分散稳定性的重要手段之一。基于此,以颜料炭黑和酞菁蓝为着色剂,配合超分散剂(EK43)与协同增效剂(BM10),制备了两款适用于中性墨水体系的无树脂色浆。首次从色浆粒径与体系分散稳定性角度出发,确定了EK43、BM10用量以及最佳研磨时间,并对其理化性能、稳定性与书写性能进行分析测试。结果表明:在黑色浆中添加质量分数10.0%的EK43、2.5%的BM10,研磨时间为90 min;在蓝色浆中添加质量分数8.0%的EK43、2.0%的BM10,研磨时间为120 min时,两种色浆的粒径与分散稳定性均达到最佳。所制备的无树脂色浆颜料固含量高、黏度较低、储存稳定性好、着色力强,以其调配的中性墨水书写性能良好,且具有较好的离心稳定性和耐热稳定性。     

季铵盐型阳离子聚合物的合成及其在超细颜料中的应用

采用自由基溶液聚合,制备了甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵-苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯三元共聚物,并用此阳离子聚合物作为分散剂制备超细有机颜料分散体系。用FT-IR和13C-NMR分析、表征了共聚物的结构,用GPC研究了聚合物的分子量及分子量分布,用滴定法测定了聚合物中阳离子单体含量。结果表明:聚合物的结构及用量对颜料分散体系的影响较大,当聚合物中阳离子单体含量为59.5%-69.7%,mAIBN/mM=0.010-0.012时,颜料的粒径最小且体系的稳定性最好,阳离子聚合物质量分数大于0.004时,分散体系的分散性能较好。     

聚苯乙烯型双季铵树脂的制备及性能研究

三乙烯二胺和四甲基乙二胺与氯甲基聚苯乙烯反应,得到同时含有季铵和叔胺的强-弱碱型树脂,再用碘甲烷季铵化叔胺,制备聚苯乙烯双季铵树脂;另一种方法是将二甲基苄胺型叔胺树脂用4-溴丁基三甲基溴化铵季铵化引入4碳链双季铵基团。反应结果表明,两类强弱碱基树脂的季铵化反应结果并不理想,二甲基苄胺型叔胺树脂季铵化反应的转化率最高为36%。考察了这些新型双季铵树脂的热稳定性及对水溶液中有机酸(如苯磺酸和对-硝基苯乙酸)的吸附、脱附性能。     

紫外光固化油墨中的颜料分散

１引言九十年代以来,印刷油墨行业受到来自环境保护的压力越来越大。辐射固化油墨（其中ＵＶ固化占９０％）的研究和应用出现了日新月异、迅猛发展的良好势头。紫外光固化油墨较之传统油墨固化迅速、能耗低,可用于对热敏感的基材,固化产品性能优越,最重要的是无溶剂挥发造成的环境污染,是面向二十一世纪的绿色工业技术！”。紫外光固化油墨中的颜料分散与传统油墨类似,但油墨本身成本高低与组分及其配比关系极大,其中如何选择颜料、分散助剂,如何调整分散工艺是控制成本的关键技术。１．１影响颜料分散的因素油墨中颜料分散的情况,…     

强碱阴离子交换树脂合成及热稳定性能研究

氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂与不同的叔胺反应制备了含不同季铵基团的强碱树脂.将氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂进行硝化、溴化反应后,再用三甲胺进行季铵化制备了苯环上含有吸电子基团的强碱树脂,测定了所制备树脂在水中的热稳定性.结果表明,位阻较大的季铵表现出较高的热稳定性;硝化、溴化后的树脂热稳定性有一定改善;而热重分析表明苯环上引入吸电子取代基不利于提高碱基在高温下的稳定性.     

钒酸铋黄色颜料的制备——推荐一个无机化学教学实验

该实验以Bi(NO_3)_3和NH_4VO_3为原料,采用液相沉淀法,制备钒酸铋黄色颜料。学生通过控制反应物初始浓度、溶液pH、温度与时间等条件制备分散性良好、颗粒细小、组成均匀的钒酸铋。实验涉及溶液配制、加热搅拌、简易回流、控温、调pH、检验、抽滤、洗涤、干燥等操作。钒酸铋是一种绿色环保的黄色颜料,且具有降解污染物的光催化性能,因此,该实验不仅对于提高学生无机制备实验能力具有很好的教学效果,还在实验教学中渗透了环保理念。     

形形色色的化学颜料

以天然颜料和合成颜料为主线对颜料的发展过程做一个概述,并以应用较多的颜料种类为例进行阐述,以便使人们更加深入地了解颜料,充分发挥其作用。     

自乳化水性环氧树脂乳液的研制

利用化学改性的方法制备自乳化型水性环氧树脂乳液。采用二乙醇胺部分开环环氧树脂,并采用聚醚多胺进行扩链,制备可自分散的阳离子水性环氧树脂乳液。本文研究了乳液研制时共溶剂丙二醇甲醚、环氧树脂分子量、二乙醇胺用量、不同的聚醚多胺、聚醚多胺D-230用量、HAC用量对乳液稳定性的影响。并对乳液性能进行测试,结果表明,该乳液具有良好的贮存稳定性,VOC含量低,涂膜综合性能优良等特点,该乳液为环保型产品。     

Preparation and Properties of the Polyurethane Resin Modified by Rosin Glycerin Ester

为提高聚氨酯树脂的耐热性能和对颜料的润湿分散性能,采用松香甘油酯多元醇对聚氨酯进行改性。实验首先合成了松香甘油酯多元醇,然后将松香甘油酯与异氰酸酯基团发生化学反应,得到松香甘油酯改性聚氨酯树脂。通过红外光谱（FT-IR）、热重分析（TGA）及接触角仪对聚氨酯树脂的结构和性能进行表征,并对所配制的油墨的细度、粘度等指标进行检测。结果表明：松香甘油酯引入聚氨酯可显著提高聚氨酯的热稳定性和对酞菁蓝颜料的润湿分散性,聚氨酯的失重5％热分解温度由305．2℃提高至329．8℃;改性聚氨酯树脂对P．B54;1蓝颜料接触角为37．8°,油墨细度可达10mμ,油墨具有良好的流动性、稳定性和附着牢度。     

氧化铬着色的随角异色颜料的制备与性能研究

采用具有干涉色的云母钛作为基质材料,以氧化铬膜着色,制备了随角异色功能颜料。用XRD、X-RiteMA86Ⅱ5角度分光光度计对产物进行测试分析,研究了不同的基质材料对颜料随角异色效果的影响,分析比较了黑白两种不同背底对颜料的明度和变化效果的影响。结果表明,改变基质材料的干涉色可以制得不同变色效果的随角异色颜料,颜料在黑色背底上的明度值变化范围较大,颜料的变色效果比较明显。     

Properties of the Nanoscale Hydrophilic Cationic Pigment Based on Quaternary Surfactant

Dispersions of four nanoscale hydrophilic cationic pigments were prepared by micro jet milling process, in which the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DTAC), tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (TDAC), hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC), and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (STAC) were used as the dispersers respectively. Zeta potential, particle size, viscosity and dispersion stability were tested. The effect of the hydrophobic chain of cationic quaternary surfactant on pigment dispersion's properties was discussed. The results showed that good dispersion effects were obtained when the hydrophobic chain were 14 or 16.     

含不同季铵盐结构的新型水显影感光树脂

通过不同的三乙胺盐及丙烯酸对环氧酚醛树脂的开环反应,合成了含不同季铵盐及丙烯酸酯基的新型水显影感光树脂。研究了环氧基在不同三乙胺盐开环时的转化率,产物溶解性,感光性及热稳定性等。     

Preparation and catalytic performance of quaternary ammonium base resin for methanolysis of natural phosphatidylcholine

The most acceptable method for preparing glycerophosphocholine is to hydrolyse the natural phosphatidylcholine and use the quaternary ammonium base resin, as a promising heterogeneous catalyst can simplify the craft and minimise the problems existing in the homogeneous catalytic process. However, most of the resins reported in the literature are commercial trimethyl benzyl ammonium base resins and the application of other longer carbon-chain quaternary ammonium resins has not been reported. In the present work, a series of quaternary ammonium base resins were prepared from chloromethyl polystyrene microspheres and different tertiary amines and were used to prepare glycerophosphocholine from natural phosphatidylcholine. The factors affecting the exchange capacity and activity of the resin were investigated. The results showed that the resin possessed a better activity and stability under the following conditions: 1,4-dioxane as solvent, triethylamine as amination agent, reaction temperature of 60°C and amination time of 3 h; it was then used in the methanolysis of phosphatidylcholine by ultrasound-assisted reaction at ambient temperature, with the conversion of phosphatidylcholine attaining 97 % after 4 h. The catalyst was easy to separate from the reaction mixture and could also be readily available for repeat use; the activity and stability were largely consistent after six repeat uses.     

MODIFICATION OF EPOXY RESIN WITH POLYSILOXANE BEARING PENDANT QUATERNARY AMMONIUM GROUPS

Polysiloxane bearing pendant quaternary ammonium groups (PSI) was used to modify the surface properties ofepoxy resins. In the cured resin, PSI formed the dispersed phase. Remarkable enrichment and gradient distribution ofpolysiloxane on the surface region of the epoxy resins were demonstrated by XPS analysis. The composition and propertiesof the surface of PSI-modified epoxy resin, which is in contact with the mold, are dependent on the material of the mold.Through the incorporation of PSI, epoxy resins with low surface energy and low friction coefficient were obtained.Polysiloxane with lower ionic group content shows a higher degree of enrichment on the resin surface and leads to a highercontact angle against water, while the polysiloxane having optimum compatibility with the epoxy resin shows a greater effectin reducing the static friction coefficient of the resin against glass.     

含长碳链间隔臂结构的强碱性阴离子交换树脂的合成及热稳定性

研究了一种含长碳链间隔臂结构的强碱性阴离子交换树脂的新合成方法.评价了该树脂在水中的热稳定性.结果表明,以苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚白球和1,3-噁嗪-2-酮为原料,季铵型离子液体为催化剂,得到带有胺丙基的苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯共聚珠体,再用甲酸和甲醛N-甲基化,溴乙烷季铵化,可以生成强碱交换量为1.86mmol/g强碱阴离子交换树脂.含长碳链间隔臂结构的OH~-型阴离子交换树脂在100℃去离子水中保持720h交换量仅下降11.83%,好于商业通用的强碱阴离子交换树脂.     

The effect of nanoparticles on structural morphology, thermal and flammability properties of two epoxy resins with different functionalities

The effect of layered silicate nanoclays, nano-silica and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) on the thermal stability and fire reaction properties of two aerospace grade epoxy resins (a high temperature curing tetra-functional and a low temperature curing bi-functional resin) has been investigated using thermal analysis, cone calorimetry, LOI and UL-94 techniques. The morphology of the polymer-clay nanocomposites, determined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy indicated intercalated structures. The addition of nanoclays (5-wt%) to both resins had a thermal destabilisation effect in the low temperature regime (<400 °C), but led to higher char yield at higher temperatures. The inclusion of nano-silica at 30-wt% significantly improved the thermal stability of the resins while DWNTs had an adverse effect due to their poor dispersion in the matrix. The nanoclays and carbon nanotubes significantly increased the fire resistance of the tetra-functional epoxy resin while a minimal effect was observed for the bi-functional resin.     

含磷有机硅杂化环氧树脂固化体系性能研究

通过磷酸与γ-环氧丙氧基三甲氧基硅烷反应得到含磷有机硅氧烷,并加入到环氧树脂/4,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷体系中混合,通过溶胶-凝胶的方法制备了含磷有机硅杂化环氧树脂固化物.对固化体系进行了玻璃化转变温度、热失重、阻燃、拉伸强度、冲击强度测试分析.结果表明,该固化体系的阻燃性得到提高,极限氧指数在25.8～29.3,玻璃化转变温度得到提高,在161～179℃;虽然初始分解温度比纯环氧树脂固化物低,但800℃残炭率可以达到26.5%,提高了36%;拉伸强度得到提高,在71～94 MPa,冲击强度可以达到14.36 kJ/m2,提高了14%.该固化体系具有较好的阻燃性能和热性能,同时具有较好的力学性能.     

羧基化环氧丙烯酸酯合成及在光成像阻焊油墨中的应用

树脂;多元羧酸酐;光固化;碱显影;羧基化环氧丙烯酸酯合成及在光成像阻焊油墨中的应用     

Metal compound-enhanced flame retardancy of intumescent epoxy resins containing ammonium polyphosphate

A series of intumescent flame-retardant epoxy resins (IFR-EPs) were prepared only by adding a 5 wt% total loading of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and metal compounds. All the samples could achieve V-0 rating and did not generate dripping during UL-94 testing. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of the samples with 4.83 wt% APP and 0.17 wt% CoSA increase from 27.1 to 29.4, compared with epoxy resin containing 5 wt% APP. The samples also showed excellent water resistance of flame retardancy in 30 °C and 70 °C water for 168 h. The LOI results show that the composition of metal compounds (metal ions and ligands/anions) and the mass ratios of APP to metal compounds affect the flame retardancy of the samples. TG results indicate that the catalytic effect of CoSA on the decomposition of both APP and the epoxy resins containing APP is better than that of CuSAO. The fire behavior of epoxy resin and epoxy resins containing APP with/without CoSA were investigated by cone calorimeter. Cone calorimeter parameters of the samples such as HRR, THR, TSP and COP indicate that the addition of APP and CoSA improves the fire safety of epoxy resin significantly, and CoSA shows an obvious catalytic effect.