高聚硅酸根离子与单态铝酸根离子聚合反应及其水势晶…

用核磁共振技术，、紫外吸收光谱和硅钼酸反应等方面研究了反应体系中硅酸根离子和铝酸根离子的聚合态，发现反应产物的形成与硅酸根的聚合态有关，单态铝酸根离子民高聚硅酸根离子（聚合度＞４０）反应生成凝胶；单态铝酸离子与单态或二聚态硅酸根离子反应生成沉淀。本文还研究了相同条件下的水热晶人，在沉淀区、混合区、凝胶区和溶胶区分别晶化得到沸石Ａ、Ｘ、Ｙ和Ｐ。     

单态铝酸根离子与单态硅酸根离子反应的研究

研究了碱性条件下单态铝酸根离与单态硅酸根离子的反应。实验结果表明，生成的硅铝酸盐沉淀与溶液中的Ａｌ，Ｓｉ以及ＯＨ＾－浓义有关。反应过程中存在过饱和现象，反应体系的ＯＨ＾－浓度反应物Ｓｉ／Ａｌ比影响过饱和时间和过饱和区。     

L沸石导向剂陈化机制的研究

应用核磁共振和拉曼光谱研究了L沸石导向剂的陈化机制。实验结果表明,当铝源与硅源混合后铝酸根离子与硅酸根离子之间聚合反应很快,同时高聚态硅酸根离子发生了解聚。L沸石导向剂陈化反应的控制步骤是低聚态硅铝酸根离子之间或低聚态硅铝酸根离子与低聚态硅酸根离子之间的定向聚合反应。     

硅铝酸盐聚合反应的研究

应用NMR技术、激光拉曼光谱和硅钼酸方法研究了碱性硅铝酸盐聚合反应中铝酸根离子和硅酸根离子的存在状态及其变化.发现聚合反应是低分子量硅铝酸根离子之间或低分子量硅铝酸根离子与低分子量硅酸根离子之间的反应.     

沸石分子筛的生成机理与晶体生长(Ⅶ)——硅源与NaY型沸石的晶化

应用小角激光光散射技术研究了以硅溶胶与水玻璃为硅源的NaY型沸石在晶化过程中,液相内多硅酸根离子的重均分子量变化。探讨了液相中多硅酸根的聚合态对NaY型沸石晶化的影响。     

硅酸钠和硅铝酸钠溶液的研究

本文采用TMS-GC方法研究硅酸钠及硅铝酸钠溶液中硅酸根离子存在状态及其变化,并配合²⁷Al-NMR方法研究铝酸根离子存在状态,从中找出它们的变化规律。     

沸石分子筛的生成机理与晶体生长(Ⅻ)——ZSM-5沸石生成过程中液相硅酸根离子聚合态的研究

自从1964年Lentz等人提出三甲基硅烷化(TMS)方法研究硅酸盐结构后,人们意识到这种方法能够较真按着地反映硅酸盐结构及聚合状态。又由于硅烷化所得的衍生物(硅酯)易溶于有机溶剂,可以采用多种方法进行分析鉴定。本文应用TMS-GLC及TMSGPC二种方法研究了ZSM-5沸石生成过程中液相硅酸根离子聚合状态的变化。     

氯铝酸室温离子液体系中HCl促进的苯的烷基化反应研究

研究了少量HCL调变的氯铝酸室温离子液体超强酸催化体系中，苯与碳-12烯以及氯甲烷的烷基化反应，对于前一反应，以溶有HCL的氯铝酸室温离子液体为催化剂与没有HCL的相比，反应的产物分布不同，而后一反应过程中有HCL生成，与纯ALCL3作催化剂相比，催化活性显著提高，实验结果还表明，生成的烷基化产物不溶于离子液体，因而易于分离，催化剂可以重复使用。     

四烷基胺硅酸盐水溶液的研究

三甲基硅烷化气相色谱(TMS-GC)法研究了四甲基胺、四乙基胺、四丙基胺和四丁基胺硅酸盐水溶液中硅酸根离子聚合状态的分布,并对四甲基胺硅酸盐与硅酸钠溶液中硅酸根离子结构的差异进行了比较,从中得到合成沸石分子筛模板剂的作用原理。     

氯铝酸室温离子液体介质中Blanc氯甲基化反应的研究

在卤化1－烷基吡啶，1－甲基－3－烷基咪唑季胺盐和盐酸三甲胺与无水 AlCl3构成的氯铝酸室温离子液体反应介质中，尝试了苯及其衍生物和氯甲醚的 Blanc氯甲基化反应。结果表明底物的不同对反应有较大影响，苯与氯甲醚反应主 要生成氯甲基化产物，而烷基苯与氯甲醚反应则主要生成二苯基甲烷衍生物。反应 具有适中至高的转化率和选择性，依据底物的不同，反应结束后可以和离子液体系 分层，便于产物分离。氯铝酸离子液体具有一定的重复使用性。     

Extraction of Polyoxometallate Anions Containing Tungsten Towards Ionic Liquids

Removal of tungstate \(\left( {{{\text{WO}}_{4}^{2-}}} \right)\) and metatungstate \(\left( {{{\text{W}}_{12} {\text{O}}_{39}^{6 - }} } \right)\) anions from aqueous solutions was studied by precipitation and liquid–liquid extraction using ionic liquids and without requiring any additional extraction agent. Hydrophilic ionic liquids were found to be very efficient at precipitating metatungstate anion and not to precipitate tungstate anion. Similarly, the large metatungstate anion was quantitatively removed from water at low pH towards a hydrophobic ionic liquid. Tungstate anions, in contrast, are not removed from water. The mechanism of extraction and influence of the charge density of anions on the extraction of W(VI) based anions are discussed.     

Preparation of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) gel composites using poly(ionic liquids)

This paper reports a new and practical route for synthesizing nanotube-polymeric ionic liquids gel by non-covalent functionalization of oxidized single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) surfaces with imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquids) (PILs), using in situ radical polymerization method. A black and homogeneous precipitate SWNTs was obtained as a gel form, which is well dispersed in aqueous solution without any aggregation. The formation of SWNT gels is explained by the electrostatic attractions or π-bonds between the SWNT surface and the PIL matrix. By anion-exchange reaction of PIL bound to SWNTs, hydrophilic anions in PIL were substituted with hydrophobic anions, resulting in an effective transfer of SWNT-PIL hydrogels to organogels. The result also showed that SWNTs can effectively improve the conductivity along with the thermal stability of nanocomposite gels.     

Collinear Velocity-map Photoelectron Imaging Spectrometer for Cluster Anions

We describe a collinear velocity-map photoelectron imaging spectrometer, which combines a Wiley-McLaren time-of-flight mass analyzer with a dual-valve laser vaporization source for investigating size-selected cluster and reaction intermediate anions. To generate the reaction anions conveniently, two pulsed valves and a reaction channel are employed instead of premixing carrier gas. The collinear photoelectron imaging spectrometer adopts modified velocity-map electrostatic lens, and provides kinetic energy resolution better than 3%. The performance of the instrument is demonstrated on the photodetachment of Si₄^- at 532 and 355 nm, and Si₃C^- at 532 nm, respectively. In both cases, photoelectron spectra and anisotropy parameters are obtained from the images. For Si₄^-, the spectra show two well-resolved vibrational progressions which correspond to the ground state and the first excited state of the neutral Si₄ with peak spacing of 330 and 312 cm^-1, respectively. Preliminary results suggest that the apparatus is a powerful tool for characterizing the electronic structure and photodetachment dynamics of cluster anions.     

Nitrosation of Dodecahydro-closo-Dodecaborate Anions in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Solutions

Nitrosation of dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate anions with nitrous acid in an aqueous solution and with isoamyl nitrite and nitrosyl chloride in nonaqueous solutions was studied. The main reaction product is the mononitrosoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborate anion. Conditions were selected for the preparation of the nitroso-substituted anion in the highest yield as alkylammonium, tetraphenylphosphonium, and alkali-metal salts. The salts were studied using IR, UV, and ¹¹B NMR spectroscopy.     

A comparative study on the dispersion stability of aminofunctionalised silica nanoparticles made from sodium silicate

A method to prevent the irreversible agglomeration of silica nanoparticles prepared from sodium silicate, which occurs upon treatment with trialkoxy silanes, is presented. Electrostatic stabilisation is maintained by using mixtures of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and the cationic derivative N-trimethoxysilylpropyl-N,N,N-trimethylammoniumchloride (TMAPS), which gives rise to stable dispersions of aminofunctionalised particles with unusually high amine content. The particles can be isolated and redispersed without significant increase in particle size. However, an increase in the dispersed particle-size was observed on increasing the APS content in the reaction mixture. This was least pronounced for the 9 nm particles prepared from sodium silicate and more pronounced for the 30 nm particles, for which gel and/or precipitate formation occurred at high APS contents.     

Facile Conversion of Red Phosphorus into Soluble Polyphosphide Anions by Reaction with Potassium Ethoxide

Soluble polyphosphide anions were successfully generated in a number of organic solvents by the reaction between shelf‐stable red phosphorus and potassium ethoxide. The species were identified by ³¹P NMR spectroscopy in solution and by X‐ray crystal‐structure determination of (Bu₄N)₂P₁₆ in the solid state. The reaction was scaled up to gram quantities by using a flow‐chemistry process.     

Zur Natur der Aluminiumsilicatniederschläge aus Na2H2SiO4-und AlCl3-Lösungen bei neutraler Reaktion

On addition, at neutral reaction, of increasing amounts of AlCl₃ solutions to 0.005 m Na-silicate solutions, in which the silicate anions are monomeric, amorphous, almost Na⁺-free precipitates are formed being at first characterised by a higher atomic Al:Si ratio than the total Al:Si mixing ratio. With increasing Al:Si addition, the Al:Si ratio of the precipitates increases until — at a 3:1 ratio in both the liquid and the solid phase — a definite, “saturated” compound, {[(OH)₂AlO]₃SiOH · aq}, is formed. In this compound the silicate anions are monomeric and not condensable at room temperature. This is valid, too, for precipitates from Al:Si > 3 which contain, besides the “saturated” compound, free Al hydroxide. The first-mentioned precipitates with Al:Si < 3, however, contain polymeric Si units which easily condense to more high-polymeric silicate anions.     

Complex Iron Phosphate Anions and Their Salts as Products of Chemisorption of Phosphates by Crystalline Iron Oxides

Chemisorption of phosphate anions by crystalline iron oxides is confined to those sites of the sorbent surface where substitution of silicate (in hydrohematite) or hydroxo and aqua (in hydrogoethite) ligands by phosphate ions is possible. In these sites, new crystalline spherical entities were detected, which were able to pass into the liquid phase. The new formations were identified as ammonium salts of сomplex iron-phosphoric acids. Binding of ammonium cations from solution indicates that the primary phosphate chemisorption products are complex iron phosphate anions capable of being transferred to solution and destructuring iron oxides.