硕士研究生“三级管理两层次培养”的人才培养模式探索

实践6年探索形成了“三级管理两层次培养”的理工科硕士研究生培养模式，即导师、导师团队、学院三级管理，强化学术培养与提升研究能力，注重知识应用的技能培养与提升实践能力的分层次培养。对培养过程中的各环节进行制度上的制定与完善，形成了导师民主参与、导师团队负责、学院学位评定分委员会审议、教育督导监督指导的管理体制和完善的研究生教育管理办法。     

组建近化学类专业本科生综合学习团队的探索

以生物制药和食品大类等近化学类专业本科生为成员组建旨在提升其综合学习能力的团队。开展基于"班级授课""校内实践""校外实践"和"网络媒介"的团队建设,引导团队成员夯实专业基础,开拓学术视野,全方位提升学习和实践能力。在学生学习积极性提升、学习成绩提高、学术性活动的参与度和成功率提高方面获得了初步成效。     

协作式实验教学模式在仪器分析实验中的探索推广——以气相色谱-质谱联用实验为例

以气相色谱-质谱联用实验为例,阐述协作式实验教学模式在仪器分析实验教学中的应用。通过团队协作的方式,激发学生参与实验的热情,提高学生的团队协作能力和竞争意识,提高实验教学质量。     

以研究生为主体力量构建化学科普平台的探索与实践

有效利用高校的科研和人才资源优势，依托陕西省"工科化学"实践教学示范中心，创建主要面向中小学生的化学科普平台。通过在科研团队基础上建设以研究生为主体、教师为指导的科普团队，并打造集知识学习、实践探索及兵器特色于一体的"ABC"科普课程体系，开设各类趣味化学及相关学科的实践项目，促进公众正确理解和认识化学，培养他们的科学精神进而提高科学素养。同时，参与科普工作也有效提升了研究生的实践能力，激发了他们从事科研的兴趣，也为研究生的培养开拓了一条新途径。     

基于团队合作的仪器分析设计实验教学初探

在仪器分析设计实验教学中,学生采取以小组为单位,团队合作的教学模式,从实验课题的选取、实验方案的确定,到实验的实施和总结,分工协作完成实验项目。教学实践表明,这一教学模式有助于提高学生的主观能动性、团队合作意识和人际交往能力。     

检测报告导向的分析化学实验教学改革

针对目前分析化学实验课程存在的问题，以社会检测机构的检测报告特点为导向，做出了相应的教学、报告和考评改革。改革中增加了实际样品、国标使用、量值溯源、报告设计和同组审核等内容，使学生提高了学习动力、掌握了量值溯源、报告设计和团队协作能力，为未来就业和深造打下坚实基础。     

以大型仪器为依托构建本科生科研素质培养的新模式

本文以江汉大学高分子材料与工程专业本科教学为例,提出以大型仪器为依托构建本科生科研素质培养的新模式。借助于大型仪器在本科生科研素质培养中的优势作用,采用建立在线资料库、大型仪器模拟仿真、大型仪器操作实训、组建学生科研团队和建立多元化考核评价体系等措施,进一步激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生的自主学习能力、独立思考能力、团队协作能力和创新能力。通过转变学习方式和方法,提升学生的学习和科学研究等方面的综合能力,为高素质、有特色的应用型技术人才的培养提供一定的参考。     

基于“互联网+”背景的仪器分析类课程MTSAE教学模式构建

在互联网+和双一流学科建设国际化背景下,针对培养具有工程实践能力、团队合作精神和国际视野人才的目标,以提升学生自主创新水平和综合素质为导向,对本科生和研究生仪器分析类课程进行了改革。构建了与国际接轨的MTSAE教学模式,即通过采用网络教学(M)、团队协作(T)、学术研讨(S)、国内外课堂互通(A)和全方位评价(E)等方式来引导学生积极参与到国际化背景的教学活动中,发挥主观能动性,扩充前沿知识储备,增强团队攻关和合作交流能力,有效提升了学生的国际化水平,对于创新型人才的培养起到了积极的推动作用。     

基于案例分析与翻转课堂的分析化学实验混合式教学实践

设计并实践了新的分析化学实验教学方法和考评方法。将案例分析与翻转课堂相结合，进行线上线下混合式教学。课前教师选择案例并设计问题，学生分组预习；课堂上学生讨论分析为主，教师查漏补缺为辅；课后学生撰写报告上传至线上平台，教师批阅并反馈问题。新的考评方法中，突出对学生表达能力、逻辑思维能力、团队协作能力、实验操作水平、实验台与实验室整洁水平的考查评价。实践表明，新的教学方法有助于提升学生的表达能力和实验操作水平，激发学生学习的积极性和挑战高难度学习任务的热情。新的考评方法为评价学生能力提供了可执行的标准。     

分析化学“设计性实验”教学的研究与实践

介绍了以培养学生的学习能力、解决问题的能力、交流能力、团队合作能力和创新能力为目标,集十年“设计性实验”教学的实践经验,确定了分析化学“设计性实验”的具体运行模式,利用自编讨论式实验教学电子课件、“设计性实验”教师参考资料库等开展实验教学.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

化学计量中不确定度评定研究进展

测量不确定度是表征合理地赋予被测量之值的分散性的参数。本文针对化学计量不确定度评定基础模型仅适用于线性模型、概率分布为正态分布或缩放位移t分布等局限,介绍了近年来不确定度评定的研究热点:蒙特卡罗方法(Monte Carlo Method,MCM),不确定度评定的来源、评定概念、评估方法及其发展过程,扩大了测量不确定度评定与表示的适用范围。     

微量钙的测定方法研究进展

介绍了1995-2006年期间测定微量和痕量钙的方法,如电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法以及离子色谱法等的工作原理和特点,并说明了其测定微量钙的应用领域。并对微量钙的测定技术进行了展望(引用文献55篇)。     

Stages of thermal decomposition of sodium oxo-salts of sulphur

Thermal behaviour of sodium oxo-salts of sulphur: Na₂SO₄, Na₂S₂O₇, Na₂S₂O₆, Na₂SO₃, Na₂S₂O₅, Na₂S₂O₄, Na₂S₂O₃, Na₂S₃O₆ and of sulphides Na₂S and Na₂S₂ was studied on heating up to 1000°C. The experiments were performed with anhydrous compounds obtained from commercial products by recrystallisation and dehydration. The stage mechanisms of decomposition of anionic sub-lattices of the salts have been proposed basing on the Górski’s morphological classification of simple species. The thermal stability and the stage decomposition mechanisms were correlated with the structure and the potential chemical properties of the salt anions. The thermal decomposition processes were studied by means of thermal analysis, and the decomposition products were identified by means of X-ray phase analysis.