益本昌药酒的研制、临床应用与微量元素测定

介绍了益本昌药酒的研制,临床应用和疗效,测定并探讨了该药酒中所含微量元素及其与心脑血管病等的关系。结果表明,该药酒含有或富含人体必需宏量和微量元素钾,镁,钙,磷,钠,镍,钴,钒,锰,铜,铁,钴,锌,硒等。     

分光光度法测定益本昌类药酒中微量锗

用苯基荧光酮-溴化十六烷基三甲基铵分光光度法测定了益本昌药酒和益本昌风湿骨痛药酒中锗含量.结果显示,益本昌风湿骨痛药酒中锗含量(1.8512±0.0376 mg/L)比益本昌药酒(0.5481±0.0169 mg/L)丰富.探讨了该类药酒中锗与疗效的关系.     

英平诸痹灵药酒中铜锰镍含量的分析

采用火争原子吸收分光度法测定了5种英平诸痹灵药酒中铜,锰,镍的含量,结果表明,该类药酒中镍,锰的含量较丰富,以锰的含量为最高,镍的含量次之,铜的含量相对最低。     

牛磺酸的稳定性及其在药酒中的测定

应用日立L-8800型全自动氨基酸分析仪测定了药酒中牛磺酸的含量及其稳定性。对仪器的分析条件作了两项调整,其一,梯度淋洗中淋洗剂B2的淋洗时间改为6.0 min;其二,自动进样器的进样模式改为“cut“模式。制备了3种浓度水平牛磺酸含量的药酒样品进行试验。每一试样又分为两份,一份在室温保存,另一份置于冰箱中在4℃保存。每份试样在制备的当时即按规定方法测定其牛磺酸含量,之后每隔1个月分析一次,连续测定3个月。测定结果证明,在药酒基体中,牛磺酸稳定性相当好。对同一试样分别进行5次测定,考核了方法的精密度,测得其RSD值为0.74%。测得此方法的回收率在97.3%至105.5%之间。     

高效液相色谱法测定蛇风湿药酒中的蛇床子素

据《本草纲目》记载：蛇具有强筋壮骨、祛疲活血痰、滋阴壮阳、补血益精之功效。蛇风湿药酒以金钱白花蛇、乌梢蛇、黄芪、独活、丹参、枸杞子等为主要原料,加入其他药用有效成分调制而成;具有祛风湿、透筋骨、通筋络、止疼痛、散瘀肿等功效。蛇床子素为蛇风湿药酒的主要活性成分,其含量是评价蛇风湿药酒质量的一个重要指标。目前,检测蛇床子素的方法较多”,     

对211例类风湿关节炎患者微量元素的测定

用同位素激发Ｘ射线荧光分析对２１１例类风湿关节炎患者发中１０种常量及微量元素测定，以探索类风湿关节病与微量元素之间的关系．结果表明：全部女性患者发锌含量明显降低，除３０～３９岁及５０～５９岁年龄组Ｐ＜０．０５外，其余各组均Ｐ＜０．０１。而２０～２９岁男性组患者发锌含量也低，Ｐ＜０．０１。男女患者各组发锶含量较对照组均低，且有明显差异（除男性２０～２９岁组及５０￣５９岁组Ｐ＜０．０５，其余各组均ｐ＜０．０１）。提示类风湿关节病患者发中锌、锶含量较正常人低。因此，如临床上补充锌和锶元素，可能是有效治疗类风湿关节病的新途径．     

七种香烟中锌,铜,铁,锰,镍含量的分析

用原子吸收法测定了７种香烟的５种微量元素的含量，结果表明，７种香烟中锌，铜，锌，锰，镍的含量存在的较大差异，其中以铁，锰含量较丰富，镍含量较少，本测定为探讨香烟中的微量元素与疾病的关系提供了有用数据。     

铬,硒,镉,锰与心脑血管疾病

通过对５０例心脑血管疾病病人及５０例健康对照组血中微量元素铬、硒、镉、锰的检测分析证实，心脑血管疾病病人血清Ｃｒ、Ｓｅ含量下降，Ｃｄ含量未见明显升高，并进一步探讨了这些微量元素与心脑血管疾病的发生发展的关系及其临床意义。     

小驳骨丹无机元素的含量测定

采用电感耦合等离子发射光谱法（ICP－AES）测定小驳骨丹和茎叶，花及药酒中15种无机元素的含量。实验结果表明，茶叶，花和药酒中含有极大量的Ca和Mg元素。     

液膜富集——火焰原子吸收法测定茶中微量铜,铁,钴,锌,镉

茶中微量元素的含量是评价茶叶质量的重要指标，由于这些微量元素的含量很低。通常在测定前进行预富集，本文提出了一个用液膜法富集的方法，其富集倍数可达１００倍，回收率在９５％～１０３％之间，５种元素的火焰原子吸收法测定结果，均令人满意，实验条件的选择用正交试验法，较一般常用的因素轮换法更为准确，也更为省时省力。     

Discrimination of Chili Powder Origin Using Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), and Near Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy

This study investigated the content of macronutrients (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, and S), trace elements (Ba, Be, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Li, Mn, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, V, and Zn), and trace toxic elements (As, Cd, In, Pb, and Tl) in chili powder from Korea, China, and Vietnam. For the analyses, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) were used. In addition, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to differentiate functional groups based on the chemical constituents. For the validation of the applied analytical methods, good linearity (coefficients of determination, 0.9443–0.99997), and relative standard deviations below 4% were obtained. The contents of the toxic elements were below the provisional tolerable weekly intake values. Linear discriminant analysis using elemental contents and NIR data was performed to establish and authenticate the geographical origin of chili powder, which confirmed the reliability of the obtained results.     

微波辅助消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定几种血藤中17种元素

建立电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定血藤类中药中K,Ca,Mg,P,Sr,Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu,Co,Cr,Al,Ba,Ni,As,Pb和Cd 17种常量和微量元素含量的分析方法。样品用微波辅助消解,ICP-AES法检测几种血藤中17种元素的含量,方法的检出限为0.000 03~0.009 81μg/mL,加标回收率88.37%~110.00%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于5.0%,方法可快速、灵敏、准确测定血藤类中药中多种常量、微量元素的含量。血藤样品中除含有人体必需的常量元素K,Ca,Mg外,还含有Fe,Zn,Mn,Cr,Co等必需的微量元素和其它元素P,Ni,Ba,Al,Sr,Pb,Cd,Ba等。     

Mg(OH)_2共沉淀和直接稀释联用ICP-MS法准确测定海水中的多种常量-微量元素

对海水中多种常量/微量元素分别用Mg(OH)_2共沉淀和直接稀释ICP-MS法进行方法比较研究,分别确定了这些元素适宜的准确分析方法,为海水中常量/微量元素的ICP-MS测定提供了实用的检测手段。结果表明,Mg(OH)_2共沉淀法能够实现对V,Cr,Mn,Co,Cd及稀土元素(La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu)等19种微量元素的分离富集和准确测定;10倍直接稀释法能够同时准确测定海水中B,Sr,Li,Rb,I,V,Cr,As,Cd,U,Mo,Cu,Mn 13种微量元素,但不适合Zn,Ni,Co和Pb,以及稀土元素等在海水中浓度过低元素的测定;两种方法对适宜测定的元素均操作简便快速,具有较高的准确度和精密度。这两种方法联用,就可用约50 mL的海水实现大洋和近海海水中Co,La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu(这15个元素采用Mg(OH)_2共沉淀法)及B,Sr,Li,Rb,I,V,Cr,As,Cd,U,Mo,Cu,Mn(这13个元素采用10倍直接稀释法)等28种元素的准确测定。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定血液中30种微量元素

建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法定量测定血液中微量元素的方法.采用微波消解进行样品前处理,在硝酸-双氧水混合体系中消解后稀释,电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定全血中铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)、银(Ag)、钡(Ba)、锡(Sn)、镍(Ni)、钴(Co)、钒(V)、锑(Sb)、铊(Tl)、汞(Hg)、锰(Mn)、钼(Mo)、硒(Se)、铬(Cr)、镉(Cd)、钍(Th)、钛(Ti)、铝(Al)、砷(As)、铁(Fe)、钙(Ca)、镓(Ga)、锶(Sr)、锂(Li)、镁(Mg)、铍(Be)、钠(Na)和钾(K)元素的含量.对样品前处理过程和仪器工作参数进行了优化,通过内标校正法降低基体效应.结果表明,上述元素相关系数R^(2)均大于0.9998,检测精密度为0.142%~12.856%.方法简单、准确、快速,可精确测定全血中多种微量元素的含量,为全血中元素含量的测定提供了高效可靠的分析手段.     

微量Li助剂对Co/AC催化剂合成高碳醇性能的影响

采用等体积浸渍法制备了含微量Li 的15Co_xLi/AC 催化剂,考察了微量Li 助剂对15Co/AC催化剂上CO加氢合成高碳醇性能的影响. 采用X射线衍射、程序升温还原和程序升温表面反应技术对15Co_xLi/AC 催化剂进行了表征,结果表明,微量Li 的添加可以提高催化剂上CO加氢活性、生成C₅₊烃的选择性、合成醇的选择性以及高碳醇的分布. 这主要是由于微量Li 助剂与Co物种形成了弱相互作用,促进了催化剂Co物种的分散,形成较小Co晶粒,促进了Co₂C的形成.     

血液中某些必需微量元素与高血压的关系探讨

为探讨人全血中微量元素与高血压的关系,用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定了47例高血压患者和3 2例健康对照者全血中钒(V)、铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、钴(Co)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、钼(Mo)、锶(Sr)八种必需微量元素的含量。结果表明,高血压组患者全血中除锰元素外,其余微量元素均显著低于对照组(P <0 0 5 )。提示这些必需微量元素可能在高血压的发生和发展中起着一定的作用     

微量Li助剂对Co/AC催化剂合成高碳醇性能的影响

采用等体积浸渍法制备了含微量Li的15CoxLi/AC催化剂,考察了微量Li助剂对15Co/AC催化剂上CO加氢合成高碳醇性能的影响.采用X射线衍射、程序升温还原和程序升温表面反应技术对15CoxLi/AC催化剂进行了表征,结果表明,微量Li的添加可以提高催化剂上CO加氢活性、生成C5+烃的选择性、合成醇的选择性以及高碳醇的分布.这主要是由于微量Li助剂与Co物种形成了弱相互作用,促进了催化剂Co物种的分散,形成较小Co晶粒,促进了Co2C的形成.     

Ion-exchange separation and atomic-absorption determination of fifteen major, minor and trace elements in silicates

A scheme of ion-exchange separation of fifteen elements (major, minor and trace) determined mainly by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry (Ti by colorimetry) is applied to rock, mineral and ceramic analysis. Mn, Cu, Co, Fe and Zn are separated on an anion-exchanger and Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ti, Al, Ni and Ba on a cation-exchanger. The method has been tested by analysis of a synthetic mixture of the fifteen ions in the ratios in common rock samples, and of various international standards (100-mg samples).     

Findings of national proficiency test exercise for the determination of trace elements in edible mushroom reference material

This paper presents the results of the proficiency test exercise conducted in Pakistan for the determination of trace elements in mushroom reference material. Thirteen laboratories from different organizations of the country submitted trace elemental data on Al, As, Br, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Pb, Rb Sc, Si, Sm, Sr, Th, Zn. Results for Al, As, Br, Ca, Cd, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb Sc, and Zn, in the mushroom material were reported by two or more participating laboratories and could be subjected to statistical evaluation. The original data of these trace elements was subjected to a computer program “Histo Version 2.1” provided by IAEA. The four outlier tests, i.e., Dixon, Grubbs, skewness and kurtosis were applied to the data sets. Consensus (overall) mean values, absolute standard deviation, relative standard deviation, standard error, median and range of values for these elements have been reported at a significance level of 0.05.     

Evaluation of strontium isotope abundance ratios in combination with multi-elemental analysis as a possible tool to study the geographical origin of ciders

In order to evaluate alternative analytical methodologies to study the geographical origin of ciders, both multi-elemental analysis and Sr isotope abundance ratios in combination with multivariate statistical analysis were estimated in 67 samples from England, Switzerland, France and two Spanish regions (Asturias and the Basque Country). A methodology for the precise and accurate determination of the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope abundance ratio in ciders by multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) was developed. Major elements (Na, K, Ca and Mg) were measured by ICP-AES and minor and trace elements (Li, Be, B, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, W, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th and U) were measured by ICP-MS using a collision cell instrument operated in multitune mode. An analysis of variance (ANOVA test) indicated that group means for B, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Se, Cd, Cs, Ce, W, Pb, Bi and U did not show any significant differences at the 95% confidence level, so these elements were rejected for further statistical analysis. Another group of elements (Li, Be, Sc, Co, Ga, Y, Sn, Sb, La, Tl, Th) was removed from the data set because concentrations were close to the limits of detection for many samples. Therefore, the remaining elements (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ba) together with ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope abundance ratio were considered for principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Finally, LDA was able to classify correctly 100% of cider samples coming from different Spanish regions, France, England and Switzerland when considering Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ba and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope abundance ratio as original variables.