微波辅助消解ICP-AES法测定几种血藤中17种元素*

目的 建立电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定血藤类中药中K、Ca、Mg、P、Sr、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu 、Co、Cr、Al 、Ba、Ni、As、Pb和Cd17种常量和微量元素含量的测定方法。方法 采用微波辅助消解样品,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定几种血藤中17种元素的含量。 结果 该方法的检出限为0.00003~0.00981μg/mL,回收率88.37% ~110. 00%,相对标准偏差( RSD) 均小于5.0%。结论 该方法可快速、灵敏、准确测定血藤类中药中多种常量、微量元素的含量。血藤样品中除含有人体必需的常量元素K、Ca、Mg外,还含有Fe、Zn、Mn、Cr、Co等必需的微量元素和其它元素P、Ni、Ba、Al、Sr、Pb、Cd、Ba等。     

微波辅助消解ICP-AES法测定小茴香中20种元素

采用微波消解法处理小茴香样品,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定其中Na、K、Sr、Ca、Mg、P、As、Zn、Pb、Co、Cd、Ni、Ba、Fe、Mn、Cr、Cu、Al、Ti和B 20种常量和微量元素的含量。20种元素的检出限为0.00002~0.00468μg·mL-1,回收率为89.50%~107.89%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小6%。结果显示,小茴香果实及其嫩叶中除含有人体必需的常量元素K,Na,Ca,Mg,P外,还含有Fe、Zn、Mn、Cr、Co等必需的微量元素和其他元素Ti、B、Ni、Al、Sr、Ba等。     

藏药材白花龙胆花中微量元素的分析

对藏药材白花龙胆花中17种微量元素（Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Co、Ni、Se、Cr、Mg、Ca、K、Na、P、As、Hg、Pb、Cd）的含量作了测定。结果表明,白花龙胆花中含有较高的人体必需微量元素和常量元素,其中常量元素K、Ca、Na、Mg和微量元素Zn、Fe、Mn的含量均较高。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定新疆洋葱籽中常量/微量元素

采用微波消解法处理样品,以电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定新疆洋葱籽样品中Co、Cr、Ca、K、Mg、P、Fe、Mn、Na、Ni、Sn、Zn、Cd、As、Se、Cu、Mo和V 18种常量/微量元素。结果显示,新疆洋葱籽中含有丰富的K、Mg、P、Ca和Na等常量元素,此外微量元素Fe、Mn、Zn、Cr、Ni、Cu的含量也较丰富。新疆洋葱籽中含有很多对人体有益的常量及微量元素,有较高的药用价值。     

卷心菜和芹菜中的17种元素测定

采用微波消解法处理卷心菜和芹菜样品,并用ICP-AES法测定这两种蔬菜中的17种微量元素Ca,Mg,K,Na,P,Zn,Fe,Cu,Mn,Al,Se,Cr,Ni,Cd,As,Pb,Hg。结果表明,两种蔬菜中均含有丰富的矿物元素Ca,Mg,K,Na,P,芹菜中的矿物元素更高,也存在少量能调节人体生理机能的有益微量元素Zn、Fe、Mn、Al、Cu、Ni,除了卷心菜中Hg含量超标外,其它有害重金属元素均属国家食品安全卫生标准之内。     

电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法同时测定不同种类蜂蜜中的20种微量元素

建立了电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定蜂蜜中Na、K、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Al、Se、Ni、Li、V、Cr、Co、Cd、As和Bi 20种微量元素的分析方法.样品无需消化,直接用硝酸溶解,配成稀酸溶液,上机测定.20种元素的加标回收率为75.2％～110％,相对标准...     

微波消解-ICP-AES法测定回汉族人群血清中的微量元素

本文测定了宁夏农村地区回汉族人群血清中Li、Co、Cd、Ga、Ba、Sr、Cu、Zn、Fe、Al、Se、Sn、B、Mn、Cr、Ni、Pb、Ca、K、Mg、Na、P、S的含量。采用微波消解对样品进行了前处理,使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)进行测定。该方法的RSD≤3.5%,样品加标回收率为90%~117%。该法简便、快速、灵敏、准确,可用于血清中多种元素含量的同时测定。研究结果表明,K、Fe、Cu、Mn、Ni、Ga、Al、Se、Pb、S、Cd、Cr、Sr、Ca这14种元素含量在回族和汉族之间存在着显著性差异(P0.05),探讨了产生上述差异的原因。     

红参的微量元素含量及溶出率研究

采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定了红参中15种微量元素的含量及溶出率。结果显示在红参及其水煎液中Ca，Mg，Fe，Mn，Zn，Sr，Al元素的含量较高。Cr，Al，Mg，Cd，Ni，Fe元素的溶出率较高。     

肺癌组织中微量元素的研究

用ICP等离子体发射光谱法测定了肺癌组织中Cd、Cr、Co、Mg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sr、Ti、Se、Al、Ba、Zn、Fe、Cu、Be等16种微量元素古量。结果显示．与同侧无癌肺叶组织相比较，肺鳞癌和肺腺癌组织中Cr、Cu和Mg含量均显著升高．Cd、Mn和Zn含量均显著降低。两型肺癌组织中Cd、Fe和Ba3种元素音量之间存在明显差异．而两型肺癌的同侧无癌肺叶组织的微量元素含量之间除Cd外均无明显差异。     

食用菌中微量元素分析及营养价值与食品安全评价

建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法,测定香菇、金针菇、白玉菇、杏鲍菇和茶树菇5种食用菌中必需微量元素(Mg、Ca、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Se、Sr)和有害元素(As、Cd、Pb)的含量。以微量元素为指标,评价5种食用菌的营养价值和食用安全性。结果表明,5种食用菌均含有丰富Mg、Ca、Cr、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn,及少量V、Co、Ni、Se、Sr、As、Cd和Pb,且重金属As、Cd和Pb含量均低于国家标准(GB7096-2003)中关于食用菌规定的总量,食用安全。统计回归分析表明,香菇与其它4种食用菌同属真菌,因此微量元素含量相关系数R0.6,但P值均大于0.05,说明微量元素含量因科属的不同而有较大差异,但影响不显著。     

Trace elements in Variegated Bolete (Suillus variegatus) fungi

Metallic elements such as Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, and Zn were determined using ICP-OES in a representative set of fifteen fruiting bodies of the edible fungus Suillus variegatus. Fruiting bodies were collected from unpolluted areas near the village of Lubichowo of the Bory Tucholskie forest complex in northern Poland in 2007?C2008. The caps were richer in Ag, Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K,Mg, Ni, Rb, and Zn, and the stipes in Ba, Ca, Mn, Na, Pb, and Sr. Cobalt concentration in the caps and stipes was similar. In the caps, the content of the elements decreased in the order (mg per kg of dry weight): K 29000 ± 3700, Fe 1600 ± 80, Mg 990 ± 110, Rb 320 ± 86, Zn 90 ± 19, Ca 75 ± 34, Al 68 ± 32, Na 40 ± 18, Cu 19 ± 7, Mn 13 ± 7, Cd 1.0 ± 0.5, Ni 0.64 ± 0.32, Ag 0.40 ± 0.20, Cr 0.33 ± 0.06, Pb 0.20 ± 0.17, Ba 0.19 ± 0.11, Sr 0.15 ± 0.09, and Co 0.070 ± 0.050. Apparently, S. variegatus collected from background areas are relatively low in Pb and Cd and so are suitable for human consumption.     

Determination of trace elements of some Egyptian crops by instrumental neutron activation,inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometric and flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometric analysis

Instrumental neutron activation analysis was used for the determination of Al, Br, Ca, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Ti, Th, V and Zn, ICP-AES for the determination Al, Ag, Ba, Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Sc, Sr, Ti, V and Zn and flameless AAS for the determination of Cd, Hg and Pb in egg plant, potatoes, green pepper (Leguminosae), vegetable marrow (Cucurbitaceae), pears, apple (Rosaceae), castor oil plant (Euphorbiaceae), lettuce (compositae), dill, parsley, coriander (Umbelliferae), and in some soil samples collected from Aswan province.     

Evaluation of strontium isotope abundance ratios in combination with multi-elemental analysis as a possible tool to study the geographical origin of ciders

In order to evaluate alternative analytical methodologies to study the geographical origin of ciders, both multi-elemental analysis and Sr isotope abundance ratios in combination with multivariate statistical analysis were estimated in 67 samples from England, Switzerland, France and two Spanish regions (Asturias and the Basque Country). A methodology for the precise and accurate determination of the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope abundance ratio in ciders by multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) was developed. Major elements (Na, K, Ca and Mg) were measured by ICP-AES and minor and trace elements (Li, Be, B, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, W, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th and U) were measured by ICP-MS using a collision cell instrument operated in multitune mode. An analysis of variance (ANOVA test) indicated that group means for B, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Se, Cd, Cs, Ce, W, Pb, Bi and U did not show any significant differences at the 95% confidence level, so these elements were rejected for further statistical analysis. Another group of elements (Li, Be, Sc, Co, Ga, Y, Sn, Sb, La, Tl, Th) was removed from the data set because concentrations were close to the limits of detection for many samples. Therefore, the remaining elements (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ba) together with ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope abundance ratio were considered for principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Finally, LDA was able to classify correctly 100% of cider samples coming from different Spanish regions, France, England and Switzerland when considering Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ba and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope abundance ratio as original variables.     

Comparative instrumental multi-element analysis I: Comparison of ICP source mass spectrometry with ICP atomic emission spectrometry, ICP atomic fluorescence spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry for the analysis of natural waters from a granite region

Summary Multi-element analysis by ICP source mass spectrometry for practically matrix-free natural waters, coming from a granitic area and, therefore, rich in trace elements, has been compared with ICP-atomic emission, ICP atomic fluorescence and atomic absorption spectrometry. The following elements have been investigated and their concentrations are in the decreasing order: Ca, Si, Na, Mg, K, Al; Sr, Mn, Ba, Fe, Rb, Zn, B, U, Y, Li, La, Be, Cs, Co, Cr, V, Sb, Bi, Th, Cu, Cd, Ni, Se, Pb, As, Hg, Mo, Tl, Sn. The concentration ranges were between 10 ppm and <0.01 ppb.As a measure of agreement between the different methods under investigation, two criteria have been used (a) the relative variation coefficient VK (%) of the mean element concentration of an element, determined by different methods in all the 98 water samples and (b) the linear, logarithmic and Spearman rank correlation coefficients between ICP-MS and each of the other methods. Detection limits are given from literature for about 32 elements using different methods.The elements Ca, Na, Mg, K, Mn, Sr, Zn, Fe, Li, Cu have been determined with ICP-MS, ICP-AES and AAS; Al, Ba with ICP-MS and ICP-AES; Si only with ICP-AES, whereas B, Be, Bi, Co, Cr, Cs, Hg, La, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sn, Th, Tl, U, V, Y only with ICP-MS. In all 34 of the investigated 36 elements could be analysed by ICP-MS, 14 (from about 20 possible) by AAS, 13 by ICP-AES and 12 by ICP-AFS.The agreement between ICP-MS and ICP-AES as well as between ICP-MS and AAS in most cases is remarkably good according to (a). VK (%) for each element in 98 water samples is in the range from ±2.6 to 10% for Na, Mg, Ca, K, Fe, Sr, Ba, Cu, Li (increasing order). Cd and Zn have unexpectedly higher values (±17.3 and ±20.5%); Cd concentrations are, however, near the detection limit.Comparing the different methods on the basis of correlation coefficients according to (b), gives for the Spearman rank correlation coefficient over the whole range of concentrations, respectively for ICP-MS/ICP-AES, AAS, ICP-AFS in case of Ca: 0.998; 0.984; 0.899; Na: 0.993; 0.991; 0.978; Mg: 0.997; 0.993; 0.959; K: 0.986; 0.942; 0.677; Al: 0.987; -; -; Fe: 0.864; 0.974; 0.701; Mn: 0.989; 0.990; 0.198; Sr: 0.988; 0.992; -; Zn: 0.894; 0.819; 0.300; Cu: -; 0.977; 0.202; Li: -; 0.907; 0.586.It is evident from these trace element concentrations as well as the electrical conductivities, that only about three fourths of the investigated samples are typical granitic waters and the remaining ones are associated with different geological background. The samples have been mainly radon waters with more than 18 nCi/l of Rn-222.

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Vergleichende Instrumentelle Multielementanalyse I: Vergleich von ICP-Massenspektrometrie mit ICP-Atomemissionsspektrometrie, ICP-Atomfluorescenzspektrometrie und Atomabsorptionsspektrometrie zur Analyse natürlicher Wässer aus einem Granitgebiet

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6th Contribution to the principles of trace analysis of elements and radionuclides

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Dedicated to Professor Dr. H. Kelker, Frankfurt, on the occasion of his 65th birthday     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定不同品种山药中矿物质元素与对比研究

采用微波消解样品,运用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时测定山药中K,Na,Ca,Mg,Zn,Fe,Cu,Mn,Se,Pb,Cd和Cr 12种元素。结果表明:方法简便、快速、准确;山药富含对人体有益的K,Ca,Fe,Mg,Zn,Mn,Se等矿物质元素,其肉质中重金属元素Pb,Cd,Cr含量均未超过国家食品卫生标准。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时测定植物样品中多种元素

本文为环境样品分析建立了准确、灵敏、快速的分析方法,探讨了酸类及酸度对谱线强度的影响,同时对基体元素的谱线干扰进行了校正和背景扣除,测定了环境背景值样品树干和树叶中15种元素,经标样测定结果满意。     

Major elements as possible factors of trace element urban pedochemical anomalies

The relationship between real total contents of the major elements Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Fe and the trace elements Ag, As, B, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V, U, Zn in topsoil from the central part of Vilnius is analysed. The amounts of most elements were determined by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, while amounts of Ag, B, Co were measured by optical atomic emission spectrophotometry. Two factors were distinguished according to major elements: anthropogenic (A) including Ca, Mg, Fe, P, S and clayey (C) including K, Al, Ti. Boron, Mn, Cr and U are significantly correlated with members of both factors, Sb with none of them and other trace elements either with all (Cu, Zn, Pb, Se, Ba, Ni, Co) or with separate (V, Ag, Sn, Mo, As) members of the A-factor. Only B, Mn, Cr, U (partly their additive index Z1) are influenced by the C-factor, while twelve other trace elements (also their additive index Z2) are influenced by the A-factor. The additive index Z of all 17 elements is also affected by the A-factor. Four groups of sites have been distinguished according to normal or higher contents of both factors. The majority of trace element anomalies are related to the sites affected by the A-factor.     

Major and Trace Elements in Spruce Needles from Urban Areas: Some Aspects of Analysis in Environmental Studies

Main and trace elements in samples of spruce needles from urban areas in Poland and Norway were analysed using the ICP-AES method. Concentrations of Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Sr, Ti, V and Zn were measured in needles from conifer trees growing in different locations. Two different procedures of laboratory sample preparation were compared and discussed. Different washing procedures were examined and compared. For quality control of analytical measurements, Standard Reference Material BCR CRM 101 (spruce needles from Europe) was used. Synergistic and antagonistic relationships between elements in spruce needles were investigated. Applicability of spruce needles in biomonitoring of environmental metal pollution was discussed.     

AAS multielement analysis of strontium and barium salts after preconcentration by precipitation of the matrix as nitrates

A method is described for the preconcentration and AAS-determination of trace elements such as Ag, Al, Au, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hg, In, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pd, Tl and Zn in high-purity strontium and barium nitrate and chloride. For that purpose the main constituents Sr or Ba are precipitated as nitrates by simple evaporation of the diluted nitric acid sample solutions. The solubility of Sr and Ba nitrate in the resulting concentrated HNO₃ is so small that the preconcentrated traces can be determined without interference from the matrix using the “injection method” in the flame AAS determination. For most of the investigated elements the recovery is about 95% (Hg ～ 50%, Cr ～ 80%); the relative standard deviation (N = 10, trace contents of the sample 0.2…5 ppm) in general is about 0.05. The detection limits (3σ, N = 25) were found to be between 1 and 0.01 ppm depending on the AAS sensitivity of the elements.