薄层色谱法分离稀土元素——N_(263)正辛醇-石油醚-盐酸体系的研究

本文报告了薄层色谱法分离稀土元素的最佳条件。当选择N_(263)正辛醇-石油醚-浓盐酸展开剂的体积比为2.0:6.0:30.0:1.2时,可将La、Ce、Pr,Nd、Sm(或Eu、Gd)完全分离:当体积比为2.0:10.0:30.0:1.0时,Tb,Dy(或Ho),Er、Tm、Yb、Lu可获得满意分离;而体积比为2.0:7.0:30.0:1.0时,La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm(或Eu、Gd)、Tb(或Dy、Ho)、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu经一次展开可获得完全分离。用三溴偶氮胂作显色剂,检测下限可达0.01μg。     

HPMαFP及邻菲罗啉稀土混配配合物的合成与性质

首次合成了混配配合物RE(PMαFP)_3·Phen[RE为La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb,Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Y;HPMαFP为1-苯基-3-甲基-4-(α-呋喃甲酰基)吡唑酮-5,Phen为邻菲罗啉]。通过元素分析、红外光谱等初步研究了这些配合物的组成和性质。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱分析莲子芯茶中的稀土元素

建立了一种压力密闭消解电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定莲子芯茶中Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu等15种稀土元素的方法。用该方法分析国家标准物质中的稀土元素,分析结果与标准值一致,并用该方法对莲子芯茶实际样品进行了分析。     

ICP—MS法测定土壤中十五种稀土元素

采用微波消化土壤样品,通过优化等离子体功率、雾化器流量等仪器参数,找出最佳的测定条件,直接测定了土壤中Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu15种稀土元素含量。结果表明,各个元素的方法检出限为0．004—0．024ng／mL,样品的检出下限为0．09—0．30ng／mL,结果较为满意。     

湖州表层土壤稀土元素含量及分布特征

为了研究湖州表层土壤样品中稀土元素的分布特征,利用ICP-MS测定了土壤中稀土元素的含量。结果表明湖州表层土壤中稀土元素含量的大小顺序为：Ce＞La＞Nd＞Pr＞Sm＞Gd＞Dy＞Yb＞Er＞Eu＞Ho＞Tb＞Tm＞Lu,遵循Oddo-Harkins法则。湖州表层土壤中稀土元素的分量均值和总量均值皆高于全国水平,稀土元素存在显著的分馏现象,轻稀土元素明显富集。表层土壤中Ce和Eu都有部分亏损。     

1-苯基-3-甲基-七氟丁酰吡唑酮-5(PMHFP)及邻菲咯啉(phen)希土混配配合物的合成及性质研究

本文在乙醇中合成了PMHFP及phen与希土离子的三元配合物Ln(PMHFP)_3·phen(Ln=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu,Y).通过化学分析,元素分析及电导分析确定了配合物的组成;研究了配合物的紫外、红光光谱;借助于差热-热重分析仪研究了所有配合物的挥发性质,测定了它们各自的起始挥发温度,探讨了用于希土分析的可能性.     

ICP-MS同时测定植物性食品中稀土元素的方法研究

建立了植物性食品中16种稀土杂质(Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb和Lu)元素的电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)的分析方法.考察了基体效应及质谱干扰,应用In内标,有效地补偿基体效应所引起的测量偏差,建立修正公式校正质谱干扰.对照分析了参考标准物质.对所测定元素,校正曲线的相关系数为＞0.9990,方法的检出限低于2.2 pg/g(Sc为95pg/g),回收率为92%～106%,RSD优于3.2%(n=7).     

1,5-二苯基-1,3,5-戊三酮(H_2DBA)及邻菲咯啉(phen)、羟基离子([OH]~-)希土混配配合物的合成及性质研究

本文在乙醇-水溶液中合成了H_2DBA及phen、[OH]~-与希土离子的混配配合物Ln(HDBA)_2(OH)(phen)·H_2O(Ln=La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Y)十三个.通过化学分析,元素分析及电导分析确定了配合物的组成;研究了配合物的紫外、红外光谱及热行为,并对可能的配合物结构进行了推测.     

薄层色谱分离测定十五种稀土元素

本文论述了用薄层扫描分离测定稀土元素的新方法。当流动相为二-(2-乙基已基)磷酸酯(HEDHP)/单-(2-乙基己基)-2-乙基己基磷酸酯(HM(EH)EHP)/磷酸三丁酯(TBP)/四氢呋喃(THF)/硝酸(HNO_3)/异丙醚(i-Pr_2O)(111 52 5 521 86 10000 V/V)时,第一组元素(La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm)能完全分离;第二组元素(Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Y,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu)的Rf值均大于第一组元素,且不干扰测定。当流动相为HDEHP/HM(EH)EHP/TBP/THF/HNO_3/i-Pr_2O(68 43 27 460 103 10000 V/V),第二组元素能完全分离,此时第一组元素停留在起始线上,二组互不干扰。同时对稀土元素进行了定量测定的研究,在0.030～0.600(μg)的范围内,各稀土离子的测定符合比耳定律,测得各稀土元素的检出限La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Y,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu分别为14,15,18,17,15,14,14,17,18,14,21,23,29,30和31ng。样品中各稀土元素的回收率除样品1中La和Pr偏大一些外,均在95%～108%范围内。各样品中测得的稀土元素含量和光谱法所测得结果基本相符,结果令人满意。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定岩石中的稀土元素

样品用盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸密闭分解,加入硫酸至冒烟,冷却后制备成硝酸介质溶液,使用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm;用过氧化钠熔融分解,水提取沉淀分离,沉淀用硝酸溶解,使用ICP-MS法测定Y,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu。根据岩石标准物质的分析结果评价方法的准确度和精密度。方法检出限(6σ)为0.002~0.021μg/g,相对标准偏差(n=12)为1.2%~9.6%,方法可用于批量岩石中稀土元素的测定。     

Strategy for water analysis using ICP-MS

The developed strategy permits determination in three steps of sixty-seven elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Sodium, Mg, Si, S, Cl, K, and Ca are determined in a first step; B, Al, P, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Ag, Cd, Sb, Ba, Hg, and Pb are determined in a second step; and Li, Be, Ti, V, Co, Ga, Ge, Br, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Te, I, Cs, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Pt, Au, Tl, Bi, Th, and U are analyzed in a third step. The figures of merit obtained are adequate to carry out water quality monitoring and other hydrochemical studies, such those based in the application of hydrochemical fingerprinting to water management.     

Analysis of molybdenum oxide by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission and mass spectrometry

Procedures for the analysis of molybdenum oxide by of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) are proposed on the basis of preliminary extraction separation of molybdenum from impurity elements. To separate 39 impurity elements (Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Cd, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Pb, Bi, Th, and U), the extraction of molybdenum from hydrochloric acid solutions using 5-n-pentylthio-8-hydroxyquinoline was used. The capacities of both methods ICP-AES and ICP-MS in the analysis of molybdenum oxide analysis were examined without the removal of the matrix and after the extraction separation of molybdenum.     

Multielement standards in routine reactor neutron activation analysis

The application of multielement standards (MES) in routine neutron activation analysis brings a whole range of advantages. This paper deals with the experience obtained during many years of application of these MES. Nine of these MES contain a total of 50 elements in suitable combinations and concentrations; thus, the determination of most of the common elements by NAA can be carried out simultaneously. This refers to the following elements: Na, Mg, Al, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sb, Te, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, W, Re, Au, Hg, Th and U. For the determination of the remaining elements such as Zr, Ta, Ir etc., single element standards (SES) are used.     

Elemental content in ground and soluble/instant coffee

The concentration of thirty-four elements in twelve coffee brands has been measured using instrumental neutron activation analysis. The samples investigated included four brands of commercially available ground coffee and eight brands of soluble/instant coffee. The elements measured were Al, As, Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Dy, Eu, Fe, Gd, Hf, K, La, Lu, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Sr, Ta, Tb, Th, Ti, Tm, U, V, Yb and Zn. Twenty four elements were found to be below the detection limit in one or more samples. These elements were Ce, Cr, Fe, V, As, Eu, Ba, Dy, Gd, Hf, La, Lu, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Sr, Ta, Tb, Th, Ti, Yb, Tm, and U.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定花生中34种元素

建立了微波消解-碰撞/反应池(ORS)电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)同时测定花生中的Na、Mg、Ca、Fe、Se、Mo和稀土元素等34种元素的分析方法。样品经微波消解后,在线加入内标元素45Sc、72Ge、103Rh、115In和209Bi消除基体效应,应用碰撞反应池技术,以4.5 mL/min流速的氦气作为碰撞反应气,有效消除多原子离子产生的质谱干扰。各元素的检出限为0.0003～17.37ng/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)低于2.9%;标准物质的测定值均在标准值范围内,结果令人满意。该方法可用于花生中多种元素的同时测定。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定板栗中的矿物元素及稀土元素

为了准确测定板栗中矿物元素和稀土元素的含量水平,采用冷冻干燥方式预处理样品,选用硝酸和过氧化氢体系微波消解样品,结合电感耦合等离子体质谱技术,建立了板栗中钠(Na)、钾(K)、镁(Mg)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、钒(V)、钴(Co)等19种矿物元素及镧(La)、铈(Ce)、镨(Pr)、钕(Nd)、钐(Sm)、铕(Eu)、钆(Gd)、铽(Tb)、镝(Dy)、钬(Ho)、铒(Er)、铥(Tm)、镱(Yb)、镥(Lu)、钇(Y)等15种稀土元素的同时分析测定方法。方法检出限为0.0027~0.78μg/L,相对标准偏差为1.4%~6.3%。通过国家标准物质GBW10019苹果的准确度实验验证,测定结果均在标准证书值范围内。实验结果表明,方法适用于板栗中矿物元素及稀土元素的同时测定。     

Determination of lanthanoids and some heavy and toxic elements in plant certified reference materials by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

The possibilities of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (choice of isotopes, instrument optimisation) for the determination of lanthanoids, and some heavy and toxic elements in plants are discussed. A variety of plant certified materials (NIST-SRM-1515, NIST-SRM-1547, NIST-SRM-1573a, NIST-SRM-1575, GBW 08504, GBW 08505) are analysed and the elements: As, Be, Bi, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Ga, Gd, Ho, La, Lu, Nd, Ni, Pb, Pr, Rb, Sm, Sr, Th, Te, Th, Tl, U, V, Y, Yb and Zn are determined. The comparison with certified values and literature values indicated that ICP-MS is a very promising method for the instrumental determination of Be, lanthanoids, Th and U and other elements at ng/g level in plants.     

La0.5R0.5Ba2Cu3O7,Pr0.5R0.5Ba2Cu3O7以及RBa2Cu3o7（R=稀土）的键共价性计

使用复杂晶体化学键理论计算了Ｌａ０．５Ｒ０．５Ｂａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７（Ｒ＝Ｐｒ,Ｎｄ,Ｓｍ,Ｅｕ,Ｇｄ,Ｄｙ,Ｙ,Ｈｏ,Ｅｒ,Ｔｍ,Ｙｂ,Ｌｕ）（Ｌａ－Ｒ１２３）,Ｐｒ０．５Ｒ０．５Ｂａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７（Ｒ＝Ｌａ,Ｎｄ,Ｓｍ,Ｅｕ,Ｇｄ,Ｄｙ,Ｈｏ,Ｙ,Ｅｒ,Ｔｍ,Ｙｂ,Ｌｕ）（Ｐｒ－Ｒ１２３）以及ＲＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７（Ｒ＝Ｌａ,Ｐｒ,Ｎｄ,Ｓｍ,Ｅｕ,Ｇｄ,Ｄｙ,Ｈｏ,Ｙ,Ｅｒ,Ｔｍ）（Ｒ１２３）中Ｃｕ－Ｏ键的键共价性,结果表明Ｐｒ－Ｒ１２３,Ｌａ－Ｒ１２３,以及Ｒ１２３都应具有超导性,而实验结果是Ｌａ０．５Ｐｒ０．５Ｂａ２Ｃｕ０７,Ｒ０．５,Ｐｒ０．５Ｂａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７（Ｒ＝Ｌａ,Ｎｄ,Ｓｍ,Ｅｕ,Ｇｄ）无超导性,产生这种矛盾的原因尚不明确,需要做进一步的研究。     

Determination of rare earths and thorium in apatites by thermal and epithermal neutron-activation analysis

A procedure is described for the non-destructive determination of Na, Mn, La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, Lu and Th in apatites by thermal and epithermal neutron-activation of independent portions of the material. The method was applied to three apatites with different contents. The precision obtained was better than +/-5% for La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy and +/-20% for Yb, Nd, Ho, Er and Lu for an apatite with a total rare-earth oxide content of the order of 1%. Determination of Ce, Tb and Yb could only be carried out with thermal neutron-activation analysis, while Gd, Ho and Er could only be determined after irradiation with epithermal neutrons.