N,N′-二乙(甲)基-N,N′-二苯基脲对铀(VI)和钍(IV)萃取行为的研究

目前国际上一般采用磷酸三丁酯(TBP)作为铀的萃取剂。TBP对铀有较强的萃取能力，但其耐辐照能力较差。酰胺的理化性质类似于TBP，与TBP相比降解产物易除去，“可完全燃烧”等优点而被认为是一种能取代应用于核燃料后处理的有前途的萃取剂。本文以二甲苯或三氯甲烷     

N、N'-二乙基-N、N'-二苯基脲的萃取性能和二硝酸二(N、N'-二乙基-N、N'-二苯基脲)合铀酰(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、结构研究

O引言 铀和钍燃料后处理广泛采用三丁基磷酸酯(TBP)作为萃取剂来分离铀和钍.然而在辐照下,TBP的降解产物二丁基磷酸酯(DBP)和一丁基磷酸酯(MBP)对裂变元素如锆和铌有较强的配位能力.     

N,N,N＇,N’-四丁基丁二酰胺萃取Tb（Ⅲ）的研究

国内外在四取代双酰胺类萃取剂萃取铀（Ⅳ）、钍（Ⅳ）的性能研究方面已经做了大量工作，但对核废料中共存稀土元素的萃取研究较少。本文合成了N，N，N’，N’-四丁基丁二酰胺（TBSA），详细研究了其萃取Tb（Ⅲ）的性能。     

二硝酸 N ,N ''''-二癸酰基哌嗪合铀酰髤配合物的合成和晶体结构

0引言酰胺类萃取剂合成容易,燃烧完全,不产生二次污染[1￣4],被认为是有应用前景的萃取剂。N,N-二取代烷基酰胺能分离锕系和镧系元素[5],是核燃料后处理中可能取代TBP的新型萃取剂。N,N'-二癸酰基哌嗪(D D PEZ)是含2个酰基的新型酰胺萃取剂,对铀具有良好的萃取性能[6,7],能明显地消除萃取过程中的三相问题,这对核燃料水法后处理非常重要。根据D D PEZ萃取实验结果和光谱数据对该配合物的组成和结构[6,7]进行了推测,本文则进一步确定了该配合物的晶体结构为U O2(D D PEZ)(N O3)2。配合物的结构对称分布,2个D D PEZ分子采取了较…     

N,N,N'''',N''''-四丁基丙二酰胺萃取Yb(Ⅲ)的研究

取代酰胺类萃取剂易合成、分解产物易除去可用于萃取铀(Ⅳ)、钍(Ⅳ)，但对高放废液中共存稀土元素的萃取研究较少。本文在以前研究工作的基础上，进一步探讨了TBMA萃取Yb(Ⅲ)的性能。     

P350-聚三氟氯乙烯萃取色层分离分光光度法测定矿石中微量铀

萃取色层法是将溶剂萃取和色层分离相结合的新型分离方法,它兼有溶剂萃取和色层分离两种分离方法的优点,现已广泛应用到微量铀的分离测定中。通常采用的萃取剂有TBP、P350、P204、N263、TOPO等。其中P350是我国自己合成的萃取剂,它具有萃取能力强、分配系数大、选择性好等优点。本文应用P350-聚三氟氯乙烯萃取色层柱分离干扰元素,以5-Br-PADAP-磺基水杨酸-溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)为显色剂,分光光度法测定矿石中微量铀。经实践证明,该法简单快速,灵敏度较高,选择性较好,适用于矿石中微量铀的测定。     

氯化型N235-苯-盐酸混合体系萃取铀(Ⅵ)-偶氮氯膦Ⅲ-N235三元离子缔合物光度法测定微量铀

利用溶剂萃取,使铀同干扰离子分离,可提高测定铀的选择性。但是往往稀土、钍、钙、钒、铌、钽、锆、铪及钛等仍有严重干扰。T(?)Yamamoto等报导了用三正辛胺-苯-乙醇-盐酸体系萃取铀(Ⅵ),以偶氮氯膦Ⅲ(CPAⅢ)作显示剂测定海水中微量铀。我们在此基础上研究了国产N235(叔胺类萃取剂)-苯-盐酸体系中铀的萃取。发现在4N以上盐酸介质中能定量萃取铀,在4.5～6.5N盐酸介质中,能使铀有效地同稀土、钍、锆、铌、钽及钛等离子分离。然后在氯化型N235-苯-乙醇-盐酸体系中,加入CPAⅢ形成蓝绿色的铀(Ⅵ)-CPAⅢ-N235     

N1923从碱性氰化液中萃取金(Ⅰ)的研究

采用放射性同位素198Au示踪法研究了伯胺N1923和TBP从碱性氰化液中萃取金(Ⅰ),考察了酸化率、水相pH值、萃取剂浓度等对萃取率的影响,以及NaOH对载金有机相的反萃作用。结果表明,TBP含量大于20％,酸化的N1923与KAu(CN)2摩尔比值在11时,金能够完全被萃取。载金有机相可采用0.1mol·L-1的NaOH溶液定量反萃。机理研究表明,伯胺和TBP萃取Au(CN)2-,符合BC类协同萃取机理。当金浓度大于10g·L-1时,在萃取有机相中形成纳米级的聚集体。     

溶剂萃取动力学的研究——Ⅲ.氯化铀酰在盐酸和磷酸三丁酯之间的传质过程

本文采用上升液滴法,研究了氯化铀酰在盐酸介质和磷酸三丁酯(TBP)之间的传质过程.在一定浓度的盐酸溶液中,TBP 萃取铀的速率与[U]和[TBP]_(0)~2成正比;反萃速率与[U]_(0)成正比,而与[TBP]_(0)成反比.在温度为20～40℃范围内分别测定了萃取和反萃反应的活化能,它们的差值与由萃取平衡分配比与温度关系测得的焓变相符.可以认为,萃合物 UO_2Cl_2·2TBP 的生成和离解都是分步进行的,中间产物是 UO_2Cl_2·TBP;萃取速率的控制步骤是 UO_2Cl_2·2TBP 的生成反应,而反萃速率的控制步骤是 UO_2Cl_2·TBP 的离解反应.     

萃取光度法测定矿石中微量铀

用二苯甲酰甲烷(简称DBM)测定矿物中微量铀的经典方法烦冗费事。近年虽多用磷酸三丁酯-DBM法萃取光度测定铀,但其灵敏度较差。 Baltisbergr用三正辛基氧化膦(简称TOPO)的环己烷溶液从2N硝酸溶液萃取铀,继以1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚(简称PAN)在有机相分光光度测定大量钚中之微量铀。2-(2’-噻唑偶氮)-5-二乙氨基苯酚(简称TAE) 曾用于微量铀的分光光度测定,其性质与PAN相似,且较之灵敏。本文借氟化铵作隐蔽剂,用     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.