聚甲基丙烯酰胺型配体交换色谱载体的研究

通过交联聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯与过量的乙二胺或多乙烯多胺反应,然后再与氯乙酸反应得到含有α-胺基乙酸基团的亲水性的聚甲基丙烯酰胺树脂.用这些树脂的Cu~(2+)络合物作为色谱载体对中性氨基酸进行分离.研究了色谱条件如洗脱剂组成、流速和柱温对分离的影响.     

螯合树脂研究Ⅱ.以聚醚为主链的氨基异丙巯基型螯合树脂的合成及其吸附性能

本文提出了由胺型螯合树脂与环硫丙烷反应合成巯基胺型螯合树脂的新方法。并用以聚醚为主链的环多乙烯多胺型螯合树脂与环硫丙烷反应合成了六个新的氨基异丙巯基型螯合树脂,这些树脂能吸附Ag~+、Hg~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)等离子,对Ag~+、Hg~(2+)的吸附最佳。     

螯合树脂研究Ⅲ、以聚醚为主链的氨基二硫代甲酸型螯合树脂的合成及其吸附性能

本工作用以聚醚为主链的环多乙烯多胺型螯合树脂与二硫化碳反应合成了六个新的氨基二硫代甲酸型螯合树脂,并研究了这些螯合树脂对Ag~+、Hg~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的吸附性能。结果表明:此类树脂对Ag~(2+)、Hg~(2+)有良好的吸附性能,对ppm级的Hg~(2+)吸附率达99.7％。     

新型多胺树脂选择性去除焦磷酸镀铜清洗废水中Cu~(2+)的特性

焦磷酸镀铜清洗废水中含有大量的络合态铜离子,本文对比研究了不同类型树脂对焦磷酸-铜络合体系中Cu~(2+)的去除性能,发现自合成多胺树脂PAMC在相关pH范围内对Cu~(2+)的吸附量远超商业离子交换树脂和螯合树脂32%～2个数量级。Cu~(2+)的等温线更符合Langmuir模型,焦磷酸根与Cu~(2+)的摩尔浓度比从4增大到25,Cu~(2+)的吸附量下降了27%。通过形态分析、动力学研究以及XPS表征分析发现,99%的Cu~(2+)是以Cu(P_2O_7)_2~(6-)和Cu(HP_2O_7)_2~(4-)形式存在,PAMC树脂对[Cu-P]络合物组分的吸附亲和力远高于自由态焦磷酸根离子,其主导机制可能为是络合态铜离子通过配位作用和静电作用分别与树脂表面的中性氨基和质子化氨基结合。实际废水动态吸附实验表明,在1BV/h的流速下,前80BV出水中Cu~(2+)浓度低于0.3mg/L,1BV 12%的硫酸和4BV水可完全再生树脂,再生液中Cu~(2+)最大浓度为22g/L。结果表明,PAMC树脂适用于焦磷酸镀铜清洗废水中Cu~(2+)的深度去除和资源回收。     

以聚醚为主链的亚胺二乙酸型螯合树脂的合成及其对金属离子的吸附性能

合成了以聚醚为主链带有醚键侧链并适当交联的条状多烯多胺树脂,并在此基础上合成了相应的具有半EDTA结构的亚按二乙酸型螯合树脂。对胺化及羧化反应条件和在不同酸度下,对不同金属离子吸附性能及吸附选择性进行了初步研究。胺羧化树脂在pH=6时对Cu~(2+)的吸附容量最大,对不同金属离子的吸附能力次序为:Cu~(2+)>Fe~(3+)>Ni~(2+)>Pb~(2+)>Hg~(2+),树脂经再生后仍具有较好的吸附性能。合成中采用先抽提后洗涤的树脂处理方法,可提高洗Cl效果5～8倍。     

以聚苯乙烯树脂为载体的缩硫醛大环螯合树脂的合成和性能研究

以大孔聚苯乙烯树脂为载体,合成了具缩硫醛大环的螯合树脂。它对Hg~(2+)的络合容量可达30—60mgHg~(2+)/g树脂,比对Ca~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Pb~(2+)等金属离子的络合容量高数百倍.它能够使因汞中毒而失活的脲酶恢复活力的能力优于巯基树脂及通用阴离子交换树脂。有可能作为口服的高分子解汞毒药物。     

巯基树脂的合成与性能研究

本文报导了大孔巯基树脂的合成。并用该树脂对Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Hg~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Ag~+进行了吸附条件试验;测定了Zn~(2+)与Cd~(2+)、Hg~(2+)的分离系数,吸附平衡时间,Freundlich吸附常数。以及验证了锌镉分离在实际应用上的可能性。     

酚醛树脂为载体的手性螯合树脂的合成与性能

以交联聚苯乙烯为载体的手性螯合树脂与过渡金属离子形成的络合物作配体交换色谱固定相,可拆分多种DL-氨基酸。但载体疏水性强,氮基酸在色谱过程中传质阻力大,保留时间长;硅胶键合的配体交换色谱手性相亲水性好,但柱容量小。我们通过2-羟基丙撑间隔臂将L-脯氨酸功能基联于球形酚醛树脂上,合成了手性螯合树脂(Ⅰ)。以其铜(Ⅱ)络合物作配体交换色谱固定相,对多种DL-氨基酸呈现拆分活性,且保留时间少于1h。     

秋兰姆二硫化大孔型螯合树脂富集原子吸收法测定水中的铜铅镉

秋兰姆二硫化大孔型螯合树脂含有—C—S—S—C—螯合基团,在pH5-10时能定量吸附Cu~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)离子,用5N硝酸能从树脂上定量解脱下来。当大量存在Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Fe~(3+)、Al~(3+)、SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-、Cl~-时不影响对Cu~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的定量吸附。对Cu~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)回收率分别为96-105％,95-105％,94-105％。测定精密度相对标准偏差Cu~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)分别为±2.8％,±3.2％,±3.4％。     

罗丹明类比色探针的合成及在Cu~(2+)检测中的应用

以4-硝基水杨醛和罗丹明B酰肼通过缩合反应合成了探针分子Rb NS。在50%(V/V)的乙腈-水溶液中,加入Cu~(2+)后探针溶液由无色变为粉红色,554 nm处的吸收强度显著增强。罗丹明探针在Cu~(2+)诱导下螺内酰胺结构开环,并形成1:1的络合物。在Rb NS-Cu~(2+)络合物溶液中加入S~(2-),溶液粉红色褪去,表明Rb NS对Cu~(2+)的识别过程是可逆的。在实际水体样品中,探针Rb NS对Cu~(2+)的检出限为1.16×10~(-6)mol/L。     

Schiff碱螯合树脂的合成及其对金属离子的吸附规律

以交联聚苯乙烯为母体的大孔螯合树脂的合成及其应用已有文献报道,我们根据光亮镀镍工艺的特定要求,合成了4种对Cu²⁺具有良好吸附性能的Schiff碱大孔新型螯合树脂。     

配位色谱法从葛根素浸膏中分离纯化葛根素

建立了采用配位色谱柱从葛根素浸膏中分离纯化葛根素的方法。以铜离子为中心离子,制备了中心离子含量为7%的配位色谱柱。样品上样于配位色谱柱后,以氯仿-甲醇（体积比为10∶1）混合溶剂洗脱,得到了较纯的葛根素,较之用传统的硅胶色谱柱纯化,纯度提高了11%,回收率提高了12%,且柱容量提高了两倍。配位色谱改变了葛根素在传统硅胶柱上的洗脱顺序,对目标物质的分辨率比传统硅胶色谱柱高。     

非水体系中磺酸铜型树脂对有机碱的配位吸附

研究了磺酸铜型树脂在乙醇、乙酸乙酯和正己烷中对苯胺、N 甲基苯胺和N ,N 二甲基苯胺的吸附规律 ,并与水中的结果相对照 .树脂在正己烷中对苯胺等的吸附量最大 ,在乙醇、乙酸乙脂和水中依次减小 .在4种不同的介质中 ,树脂对苯胺的吸附均表现出相同的吸附选择性 ,即对苯胺的吸附亲合性最大 ,N ,N 二甲基苯胺最小 .在不同的介质中 ,树脂对苯胺的吸附基本符合Freundlich吸附方程 ,并计算了在不同介质中对苯胺吸附的吸附焓 .在水中 ,吸附速率最高 ,在乙醇、乙酸乙酯和正己烷中 ,吸附速率依次降低     

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, METAL-UPTAKE BEHAVIOR OF BIS（BENZIMIDAZOLE） RESIN SUPPORTED ON EPOXIDE POLYMER

The new chelate resins, abbreviated as PNBMZs and PBBMZs based on epoxide polymer, were synthesized by polycondensation of N,N-diglycidyl-4-glycidyloxyaniline or 1,4-bis（2,3-epoxypropyl）benzene with the primary amine group of 1,3-bis（benzimidazol-2yl）propylamine （BBPAH）. The ion exchangers contain 2.71-3.23 mmol of the ligand contents per gram of the resin. Batch extraction capacities were determined for the metal chloride salts in buffer solutions in the pH range from -1 to 6.0. The chelate resins were very selective for Cu^2＋, Zn^2＋, Cd^2＋ in the presence of other divalent transition metal ions. The maximum uptake capacities of PNBMZ （synthetic molar ratio = 1：1.5） under non-competitive condition were found to be 0.94 mmol/g for Cu^2＋ at pH = 2, 1.3 mmol/g for Cd^2＋ at pH = 1 and 1.75 mmol/g for Zn^2＋ at pH = -1 respectively. While in the case of PBBMZ, it was 1.39 mmol/g for Cd〉 at pH = 1. The metal-uptake behaviors for both of them showed strong pH dependence, and their extraction capacities increase with decreasing pH. The uptake of Cu^2＋ by the resin PNBMZs at pH = 1 was found to be rather fast with t1/2 = 18 min. Metal-uptake experiments under competitive conditions also confirm that the chelate resins have a high selectivity for Cu^2＋, Zn^2＋, Cd^2＋ and the contrary pH dependence.     

超高交联吸附树脂柱色谱法分离提纯喜树碱及喜果甙

本文比较了所合成的8种大孔超高交联吸附树脂对喜树果提取液中喜树碱和喜果甙的吸附性能及柱层析分离效果。结果表明，经超高效联树脂的层析分离，喜树碱的质量分数可提高到约15％，喜果甙的质量分数可提高到约60％。     

Co-eluent effect in partition chromatography. Rhamnose-xylose separation with strong and weak cation-exchangers in aqueous ethanol

The effect of ethanol in aqueous eluent on the chromatographic separation was studied at 298 K. Two sugars, L-rhamnose and D-xylose, were separated by using strong and weak cation-exchangers as a stationary phase. The ionic form of the resins was Na+ or Ca2+. The separations were carried out with sugar feed concentrations up to 35 wt% and with both low (about 1%) and high (about 10%) feed volume to bed volume ratios. The separation of the sugars was improved by adding ethanol into the eluent. The separation was also significantly enhanced when the weak cation-exchangers with the greatest affinity for water were used instead of strong cation-exchangers as a separation medium for the sugars having different hydrophilicities. The experimental data were successfully explained with a rate-based column model, which accounted for the volume changes of the stationary phase. A thermodynamic sorption model was utilized in column calculations.     

The surface chelate effect

The presence of a surface chelate effect is established in the model system of Cu2+ adsorption on a self-assembled monolayer of 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHA) on Au. The formation constant of Cu2+ with the MHA surface was found to be 119 +/- 3.2 times greater than that of Cu2+ with succinic acid (HOOC-(CH2)2-COOH), and 213 +/- 4.0 times greater than that of Cu2+ with glutaric acid (HOOC-(CH2)3-COOH) in aqueous solutions. Both of these molecules are known to chelate to metal ions forming seven- and eight-membered rings. The greater surface chelate effect is attributed to the presence of the two-dimensional array of ligands on the surface. We believe the surface chelate effect demonstrated here is of general significance to adsorption on molecular surfaces and should depend strongly on chemical functionality and monolayer structure.     

Preparation of calix[4]arene methylene crosslinked resins with 2-pyridyl pendant group and their adsorption behavior towards silver ion

Three different resins namely 1:5 MC-resin, 1:3 MC-resin and 1:1 MC-resin have been synthesized by methylene crosslinking of 2-pyridylcalix[4]arene. Adsorption behavior of these resins towards the metal ions existing in photographic waste was investigated. The resins show absolute efficiency for adsorption of silver ion with no affinity for other coexisting ions. First two resins form 1:1 complex whereas the third one forms 2:1 complex with silver ion. Maximum loading capacity of silver ion on the present resins was found to be 1.15, 1.29 and 0.69 mol kg^?1, respectively. Column chromatographic separation of silver ion in presence of excess of sodium ions was also carried out with 1:5 MC-resin. Selective adsorption of silver ions over excess of sodium ions was achieved.     

Study on Determination of Trace Nickel in Water Samples after Separation/enrichment using Microcrystalline Phenolphthalein Loaded with Chelate

The paper presents a novel method for the separation/enrichment of trace Ni²⁺ using microcrystalline phenolphthalein loaded with chelate prior to the determination by spectrophotometry. The effects of different parameters, such as the dosages of phenolphthalein and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), various salts and acidity on the enrichment yield of Ni²⁺ have been investigated to select the experimental conditions. The possible enrichment mechanism of Ni²⁺ was discussed. The results showed that under the optimum conditions, Ni²⁺ could be quantificationally adsorbed on the surface of microcrystalline phenolphthalein in the form of the chelate precipitate of Ni(DDTC)₂, while K⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Zn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Al²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ could not be adsorbed at all. Therefore, Ni²⁺ was completely separated from the above metal ions in the solution. A new method for the separation/enrichment and determination of trace nickel using microcrystalline phenolphthalein loaded with chelate was established. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of Ni²⁺ in various water samples, and the results agreed well with those obtained by FAAS method.