ZnFe2O4中阳离子分布对苯酚H2O2羟化制苯二酚催化活性的影响

具有尖晶石结构的铁酸盐是苯酚H2O2羟化合成苯二酚的有效催化剂.分别用共沉淀和水热法制备了ZnFe2O4,并用Mossbauer,XRD和ESR等方法予以表征.发现不同方法制备的ZnFe2O4中阳离子在四面体和八面体位置的分布不同,认为阳离子分布影响了催化活性.     

载体对钯催化剂催化苯酚加氢制环己酮性能的影响

分别以MgO,-γAl2O3和镁铝水滑石(HT)为载体,PdCl2为活性金属前驱体,采用等体积浸渍法制得Pd质量分数为0.5%的Pd/MgO,Pd/Al2O3和Pd/HT催化剂,考察了它们对苯酚加氢制环己酮的催化活性和选择性.采用X射线衍射、N2吸附、H2程序升温脱附、CO2程序升温脱附和X射线光电子能谱等手段对这些催化剂进行了表征,并与催化活性和选择性关联.实验结果表明,载体的平均孔径越大,催化剂的表面Pd含量越高,催化剂表面的碱中心越多,则越有利于氢和苯酚在催化剂表面的吸附,从而提高苯酚的转化率和环己酮选择性.在反应温度为130℃,H2与苯酚摩尔比为4,LHSV为0.19 h-1的条件下,0.5%Pd/HT催化剂上苯酚的转化率可达90%,环己酮的选择性可达97%以上.     

钼酸铁超微粒子的制备及其选择性氧化正丁醇的研究

以Fe(NO3)3·9H2O和(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法于不同条件下制备Fe2(MoO4)3超微粒子催化剂,并研究了这些催化剂对正丁醇选择性氧化制备正丁醛的催化性能,从而找出Fe2(MoO4)3超微粒子催化剂选择性氧化正丁醇的最佳实验条件。结果表明,制备Fe2(MoO4)3超微粒子的适宜条件为:溶液初始pH=1.0,以EDTA为螯合剂,EDTA/(铁+钼)摩尔比为0.4时制得的催化剂对正丁醇的选择性氧化性能最好,此时正丁醛的产率可达39.3%。     

纳米-微米铁修饰的维氏体氨合成催化剂

我们以商业预还原的维氏体(Fe1-xO)氨合成催化剂为载体,采用Fe(NO)3 ·9H2O和H2C2O4·2H2O进行原位室温固相反应制备纳米铁或微米铁修饰的铁基氨合成催化剂,并通过XRD、SEM、TG-DTG、H2-TPR等进行了表征.结果表明:Fe(NO)3·9H2O和H2C2O4·2H2O室温固相反应完全生成产物Fe2(C2O4)3·5H2O,且产物分散于载体维氏体催化剂表面.通过纳米铁-微米铁的修饰,催化剂的氨合成活性有很大提高且稳定性好.催化剂活性随着Fe负载量的增加先增加后降低,负载量5％时催化活性最好,反应器出口氨浓由450℃(12.4％)、425℃(11.0％)、400℃(9.4％)分别提升至450℃(15.6％)、425℃(14.8％)、400℃(13％).通过一步简单的修饰,维氏体催化剂的氨合成活性提高约25％ ～38％.由于焙烧和还原,生成的Fe1xO或铁粒子与铁催化剂表面发生强相互作用,因此,反应过程中纳米铁或微米铁粒子能稳定存在,催化剂有较高的稳定性.     

Ni-Fe催化剂乙醇部分氧化制氢的研究

研究了Ni Fe催化剂对乙醇部分氧化制氢反应,系统地考察了不同O2/C2H5OH摩尔比及反应温度下催化剂的性能.发现Ni Fe催化剂对乙醇部分氧化制氢具有较好的催化活性,其中组成为Ni50Fe50催化剂最好,最佳的反应条件是O2/C2H5OH=1.0,T=573 K.XRD谱图表明催化剂主要由尖晶石结构的铁酸盐和FeNi3合金相组成. XPS结果说明,催化剂体相以还原态FeNi3合金相为主,表面以氧化态的铁酸盐为主.稳定性考察的结果表明,催化剂经40 h反应后,对氢的选择性明显下降,此时对应的FeNi3物相衍射峰强度也明显降低,表明催化剂对H2选择性的下降与FeNi3物相的转变有关.     

掺杂Fe作为第二种金属组分的V-HMS催化剂的苯羟基化反应

采用浸渍法在V-HMS中引入第二种金属组分(Fe、Al、Cu、Ni、Co、Mo、Cr)以提高催化剂在H2O2为氧化剂的苯羟基化反应中的催化性能.筛选发现,Fe在所研究的金属组分中最为有效.进一步采用共合成法制备了一系列FexVy-HMS催化剂.采用粉末X射线衍射、N2物理吸附、透射电子显微镜、NH3程序升温脱附、H2程序升温还原等手段对催化剂的结构和性质进行表征,结果表明,HMS仍保持介孔结构,Fe的加入在催化剂中产生了新的酸性位和更强的氧化还原性.在苯羟基化反应中,钒物种是反应活性物种,铁物种起助剂作用,其中Fe0.04V0.06-HMS具有最高的催化活性,苯酚收率由不含Fe的Fe0.00V0.06-HMS的13.1%提高到18.1%.提出了Fe、V参与反应过程的可能机理.     

微波辅助纳米CeO_2/H_2O_2体系催化氧化苯酚的研究

以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O和NH3·H2O为原料,采用沉淀法制备Ce O2粉体,采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜对催化剂的晶相结构和表面形貌进行表征。在微波加热作用下,以苯酚为模拟含酚废水对催化剂的催化性能进行了测定,并探讨了原料投加量、搅拌时间、微波加热时间等对苯酚去除率的影响。结果表明:所制备的Ce O2纳米材料为高度结晶的立方萤石型结构,平均粒径为36.5 nm。在微波辅助Ce O2/H2O2体系催化降解苯酚实验中,当苯酚初始浓度500 mg·L-1,投加纳米Ce O20.4 g,10%H2O20.6 m L,室温下搅拌60 min,微波反应器中以100℃反应40 min,苯酚的去除率达到87%以上。     

环境友好催化剂TiSiW12O40/TiO2的制备及其催化性能研究

制备了新型固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12O40/TiO2环境友好催化剂,并以丁酸丁酯的合成作为探针反应,系统考察了原料H4SiW12O40@xH2O与TiO2摩尔比、焙烧温度、焙烧时间等制备条件对TiSiW12O40/TiO2催化活性的影响.实验表明:制备催化剂的适宜条件为原料H4SiW12O40@xH2O与TiO2摩尔比为0.47,焙烧温度为350℃,焙烧时间为3.0 h.利用该条件下制备的催化剂TiSiW12O40/TiO2合成丁酸丁酯,正丁醇与正丁酸的投料摩尔比n(醇):n(酸)=1.3:1,催化剂的用量占反应物总投料质量的1.3%,反应时间为1 h,丁酸丁酯的产率为97.2%.该催化剂TiSiW12O40/TiO2用于制备其它丁酸酯类(如乙酯、丙酯、戊酯、异戊酯)时同样取得了好的结果.     

Rh-Au/γ-Al2O3 三效纳米催化剂的制备与表征

采用超声辅助膜扩散还原法 (UAMR) 和等体积浸渍法 (IMP) 制备了 Rh/γ-Al2O3 和 Rh-Au/γ-Al2O3 催化剂, 考察了它们的三效模型反应 (CO+O2, C3H8+O2, CO+NO 和 C3H6+NO+O2) 活性. H2-O2 滴定和透射电镜结果表明, UAMR 法制得的 Rh/γ-Al2O3 和 Rh-Au/γ-Al2O3 催化剂的金属分散度分别为 45.3% 和 40.1%, 金属粒子表面积分别为 199.6 和 133.0 m2/g, 金属粒子平均粒径小于 3 nm. 对于三效模型反应, 与 IMP 法制备的催化剂相比, UAMR 法制备的 Rh/γ-Al2O3 和 Rh-Au/γ-Al2O3 具有更高的初始活性, 其中后者的活性也高于或接近于 IMP 法制备的 Rh/γ-Al2O3 催化剂. 催化剂经高温老化处理后, 活性均有所下降. UAMR 是一种新颖的负载型纳米催化剂的制备方法, 具有潜在的应用前景.     

Pd-Ce-B/水滑石催化液相苯酚选择性加氢制环己酮

以Al3 /(Al3 Mg2 )摩尔比为0.2的水滑石(HT)为载体,采用还原浸渍法制备了负载型Pd-Ce-B/HT催化剂,并将其应用于液相苯酚选择性加氢制环己酮.与Pd-Ce-B/Al2O3,Pd-Ce-B/MgO和Pd-Ce-B/SiO2相比,Pd-Ce-B/HT催化剂具有高活性和高环己酮选择性.5.8%Pd-Ce-B/HT上苯酚的转化率和环己酮的选择性分别达82.0%和80.3%,显示了其潜在的工业化应用前景.根据多种表征结果,初步讨论了催化剂的构效关系以及添加剂Ce3 和载体酸碱性对催化性能的促进作用.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.