Secondary metabolites of Pyricularia oryzae I. o-Nitrophenol derivatives

o-Nitrophenol derivatives have been isolated from the culture liquid of the deuteromycetePyricularia oryzae Cav.: 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenylacetic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 1- and 2-(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl(ethanols, N-(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenylethyl)acetamide, and pyriculamide. This is the first time that any of these compounds has been isolated from natural sources. The o-nitrophenols obtained possess moderate growth-inhibiting activity in relation to rice shoots.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 811–818, November–December, 1990.     

Secondary metabolites of Pyricularia oryzae II. Polyketide metabolites

A number of exometabolites have been isolated from the deuteromycetePyricularia oryzae Cav., of which harman and O-demethyldiaporthin have been isolated from this species for the first time. The latter is the first example of a hexaketide from fungi of the genusPyricularia, for which only penta- and heptaketides have previously been described. All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 471–475, July–August, 1991.     

Berberis alkaloids. XXIII. Structure of turcberine

Berberine, magnoflorine, palmatine, columbamine, jatrorhizine, epiberberine, berbamine, O-methylisothalicberine, armepavine, corypalline, glaucine, and corydine and the new alkaloid turcberine have been isolated fromBerberis turcomanica Kar., and the structure of turcberine has been established. Apart from berberine, this is the first time that any of these alkaloids have been isolated from this species of barberry, while this is the first time that corydine and armepavine have been isolated from the genusBerberis.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Republic Academy of Sciences. Tashkent. Andizhan State Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedeninii, No. 1, pp. 77–81, January–February, 1993.     

Berberis alkaloids. XVII. Investigation of the alkaloids of Berberis heteropoda

The alkaloid composition of young shoots and leaves ofBerberis heteropoda Schrenk has been studied. In addition to known alkaloids, two new ones have been isolated — N-methyldihydroberberine and 8-oxoberberrubine, the structures of which were established by chemical transformations and a study of spectral properties. Of known alkaloids, berbamunine, aromoline, glaucine, thalicmidine, isocorydine, and reticuline have been found in this plant for the first time. Pseudopalmitine and laudanosine have been found for the first time in plants of the genusBerberis.Andizhan State Medical Institute. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of Uzbek Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 53–59, January–February, 1993.     

Alkaloids of Papaver fugax

Papaver fugax growing on the shore of Lake Kazenoi Am in the Checheno-Ingushskii ASSR at the boundary with the Dagestan ASSR has yielded 0.39% of alkaloids. Seven alkaloids have been isolated, of which cheilanthifoline, scoulerine, and reticuline have been detected in this species for the first time, while it is the first time that d-remeroline has been found in a plant of thePapaver genus.Pyatigorsk Pharmaceutical Institute. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 559–562, July–August, 1988.     

Anthocyanins of Hibiscus cannabinus

Conclusions Two anthocyanin glycosides have been isolated from the flowers ofHibiscus cannabinus var. simplex. One of them is a new glycoside, which has been called cannabinin, and the second is the known glycoside myrtillin, this being the first time that it has been isolated from the flowers of Kenaf hemp.Scientific-Research Institute for the Chemistry and Technology of Cotton Cellulose, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 723–727, November–December, 1971.     

Alkaloids of Haplophyllum bungei

The alkaloids dictamnine, skimmianine, folimine, robustinine, and 4-methoxy-2-quinolone, found for the first time in plants of the genusHaplophyllum and the new alkaloid haplobungine, for which the structure of 4,7,8-trimethoxy-2-quinolone has been established, have been isolated from the epigeal part of the plantHaplophyllum bungei Trautv. growing in the Moiynkumy desert, Chimkent province, Kazakh SSR.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 23–25, January–February, 1989.     

2,10-Didemethylcolchicine — A new alkaloid from Merendera robusta

The alkaloid complex ofMerendera robusta Bge. (familyLiliaceae) growing in the Tashkent province of the Uzbek SSR has been investigated. The main alkaloids of this plant are colchicine and colchamine. Eleven tropolone alkaloids and their photochemical isomers have been isolated and identified. A new alkaloid of phenolic nature has been isolated for which the structure of 2,10-didemethylcolchicine has been established.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 67–71, January–February, 1991.     

The polybuffer separation of the alkaloids of Vinca erecta

Summary By separating the total alkaloids ofV.erecta according to their basicities in an APS, in addition to bases known previously we have isolated ervincidine, apovincamine, (+)-quebrachamine, dl-eburnamine, (–)-1,2-dehydroaspidospermidine, and kopsanone. This is the first time that these alkaloids have been obtained from this plant. Thin-layer chromatography showed the presence of another 10–12 uncharacterized alkaloids.The region of the passage into the buffer solutions of some alkaloids has also been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 713–717, November–December, 1970.     

An investigation of the glycosides ofPolemonium coeruleum

Conclusions Two individual glycosides, polemonioside B and polemonioside C, have been isolated from the roots ofPolemonium coeruleum L. for the first time and some of their properties have been studied.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 5, No. 6, pp. 498–501, 1969     

Berberis alkaloids. XVI. Structure of berpodine

The alkaloid composition of young shoots ofBerberis heteropoda has been studied. Together with known alkaloids, we have isolated the new dimeric base berpodine and have established its structure by a study of spectral characteristics and by chemical transformations. The known alkaloid isotetrandrine has also been isolated from this plant, for the first time.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances Uzbekistan Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Andizhan State Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 264–267, March–April, 1993.     

Pentaketide metabolites of mutants and the biosynthesis of melanin inVerticillium tricorpus

From mutants of the fungusVerticillium tricorpus Isaac., having various genetic blocks in the biosynthesis of melanin, we have isolated and identified scytalone, flaviolin, 3,3-biflavinolin, 2-hydroxyjuglone, vermelone, and 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene, which, in combination with the results of complementation analysis, has enabled the main stages of the biosynthesis of melanin inV. tricorpus to be established. The results on the inhibition of the biosynthesis of melanin by tricyclazole in natural isolates ofV. tricorpus indicates that the initital stages of the biosynthesis of melanin inV. tricorpus up to the formation of 1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene are identical with those ofVerticillium dahliae.V. I. Lenin State University, Tashkent. Division of General Genetics of the Cotton Plant, Academy of Sciences of the TadzhSSR, Dushanbe. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 486–492, July–August, 1985.     

Alkaloids of Ziziphus jujuba the structure of juziphine and juzirine

Summary Six bases have been isolated from the leaves of the plantZiziphus jujuba Mill. family Rhamnaceae, cultivated in Tashkent: coclaurine, which has been isolated previously, and isoboldine, norisoboldine, asimilobine, which have been isolated for the first time, and the new juziphine and juzirine. It has been established that juziphine has the structure of 8-hydroxy-1R-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-7-methoxytetrahydroisoquinoline, and juzirine that of 7-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-methoxyisoquinoline.Juziphine has also been isolated from the epigeal part ofCorydalis gortschakovii.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 239–243, March–April, 1977.     

The structure of saponin a from Naumburgia thyrsiflora

Summary Triterpene glycosides have been isolated fromNaumburgia thyrsiflora (L.) Rchb. for the first time. It has been established that saponin A is a trioside of priverogenin A.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR. Vitebsk State Medical Institute. Simferopol' State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 364–366, May–June, 1975.     

Avarol and isoavarol from a Pacific Ocean sponge Dysidea sp.

Two hydroquinone-group-containing terpenoids have been isolated from a Pacific Ocean spongeDysidia, sp. One of them has been identified by physicochemical methods as the previously known avarol. The second, isoavarol, obtained for the first time, differs from avarol by the 4(11)-position of the double bond.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, USSR Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 358–361, May–June, 1990.     

Alkaloids of Rauwolfia species growing in Vietnam

Reserpine, ajmaline, serpentine, ajmalicine, isoreserpiline, and other alkaloids have been isolated from the roots ofRauwolfia cambodiana Pierre ex Pitard,R. verticillata Baill. andR. serpentina Benth.R. vomitoria Afz. was the richest in alkaloids.Leningrad Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 813–816, November–December, 1991.     

Alkaloids of four species of Argemone

The alkaloid compositions of four species of plants of the genusArgemone (A. mexicana L.,A. alba L.,A. platyceras Link et Otto., andA. hybrida) collected in the flowering phase in the Tashkent Botanical Garden have been studied. They have yielded 16 alkaloids. Corydine and isocorydine have been detected in plants of this genus for the first time, and O-methyl-platycerine has been found in nature for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 204–206, March–April, 1986.