考虑地基水平摩阻的Winkler地基上板模型解析

在Winkler地基模型基础上,采用板与地基之间的水平摩阻应力正比于板与地基接触点间水平位移假设,推演了包含板弯曲和轴向拉压效应的非线性地基板微分方程;应用摄动法分析竖向集中力作用下,板与地基水平摩阻应力对板内力（弯曲力、轴向力和剪应力）、位移（挠度、水平位移）的影响规律,实证了板与地基水平摩阻应力对板剪应力的非线性影响可以忽略不计,从而得到了轴对称条件下计入地基水平摩阻的Winkler地基上薄板的线性微分方程．随后通过汉克尔变换得到了轴对称无限大板的解析解,以及包含四项复宗量贝塞尔函数的轴对称圆形板的解析解,给出了板内力、位移的计算式;最后,通过算例分析了板与地基间水平摩阻状况对板挠度、截面弯矩的影响规律．结果表明：地基板挠度与弯矩随着板与地基间水平摩阻的增大而减少;当地基板水平摩阻参数大于0.01时,地基水平摩阻力对板挠度和弯矩影响有可能超过2%,应予考虑;无限大板作用圆形均布荷载时,水平摩阻的存在最大可使板最大挠度（即荷载圆中心点处挠度）下降约50%,板最大截面弯矩（即荷载圆中心点处弯矩）下降约70%.     

弹性地基上无限大板的统一解

利用汉克尔变换法,推演得到了文克勒地基、双参数地基、弹性半空间体地基上无限大薄板,赖斯纳、汉盖、克罗姆等中厚板,在任意竖向荷载作用下的统一解;并给出了竖向轴对称荷载条件下的无限大板挠度、弯矩、剪力系数、地基反力系数的计算公式;最后,对圆形均布荷载作用下的不同地基和板模型的板挠度和弯矩进行了对比分析。结果表明:半空间体地基板与文克勒地基板的荷载圆中点的弯矩参数十分相近,但其荷载圆中点挠度系数较后者大1/3~1/2;中厚板理论对地基板挠度有更好地拟合和解析,但对板弯矩等内力的计算精度无改善。     

轴对称圆薄板大挠度微分方程的数值分析方法

根据轴对称问题的特点,利用级数展开和求极限法则,证明了轴对称大挠度圆薄板在圆心处应满足的边界条件,并以圆薄板轴对称大挠度弯曲变形微分方程为基础,建立了圆心处非奇异的轴对称大挠度圆板弯曲微分方程,从而可以方便地利用现有的常微分方程数值求解方法(如变步长龙格-库塔法)对实心圆板的轴对称问题进行数值求解,又不必像摄动法那样推导复杂的公式。在数值求解轴对称圆板大挠度弯曲变形微分方程时,将非线性微分方程的求解主要归结为迭代求解圆心处三个未知边界条件的问题,即圆心处的径向膜力、圆心处的挠度、圆心处挠度的二阶导数,并提出了相应的求解方法。实例中,对于圆薄板受均布横向荷载的问题,分析了周边固支边界条件下的非线性弯曲问题,给出了中心挠度参数大范围变化时的荷载和部分边界值变化曲线,并与经典摄动解进行了对比。对比结果可见,本文方法和摄动法的解非常接近,在量纲归一化中心挠度不超过4.0时,两种方法解的相对误差均小于5.0%。另外,本文还分析了与挠度有关的液体压力作用下和集中荷载作用下周边固支圆板的非线性弯曲问题。通过算例可见:本文方法可以灵活处理不同的荷载问题;对于不同的问题,计算过程相似,不必推导复杂的计算公式,计算精度容易控制。     

环(圆)形厚板在任意横向载荷作用下的非对称弯曲

为了探讨平板中横向剪应变对弯曲变形的影响,许多学者对中厚度圆、环板进行过研究,但是除了轴对称问题和少数简单的非轴对称问题求得了精确的解析解以外,一些较为复杂的非轴对称问题大都是借助于有限单元法等数值方法求解的。至于任意横向载荷作用下中厚度圆、环板的非轴对称问题的一般解仍先人问津。本文根据文献[2]所给出的中厚板基本方程,用解析的方法求得了任意横向载荷作     

变厚度圆板的轴对称弯曲

文[1]提出了一个求解变厚度矩形板的稳定与振动问题的有限板条法。本文利用这个思想,把它推广到求解任意支承的变厚度圆板和环板的轴对称问题中去。文中导出了环板元的传递矩阵和节线的相关矩阵。在计算过程中矩阵迁移同样是从两端同时向中间节线延伸,这样既简便又迅速。无论离散化的板元有多少块,最后只需解一个二元一次代数方程组。     

双参数地基圆(环)形板的边界剪力及其力学响应

针对目前考量双参数地基上圆形或环形板边界剪力中存在的一些不足,应用Hankel变换法求得双参数地基的解析解,研究了任意环状线荷载作用下双参数地基的挠度、转角及地基反力间的关系。指出双参数地基在线荷载处的转角差与表示横向联系的地基参数之乘积等于线荷载集度;环内的分布荷载仅影响环内侧转角,而环外分布荷载也仅影响环外侧转角;进而又给出了适用于双参数地基圆形或环形板的内/外边界剪力的简明表达式。最后分别给出了双参数地基上自由边界圆形薄板中点承受集中力、圆形均布荷载作用时边界剪力对板中点挠度、弯矩的影响规律;双参数地基边界剪力对板挠度、弯矩有较明显影响,尤其是板的相对半径ρ_04或是荷载距板边界较近时这种影响更为明显。     

功能梯度中厚圆/环板轴对称弯曲问题的解析解

基于一阶剪切变形板理论，导出了热/机载荷作用下，位移形式的功能梯度 中厚圆/环板轴对称弯曲问题的控制方程，获得了问题的位移和内力的一般解析解. 作为特 例，分别研究了边缘径向固定和可动的夹紧和简支的4种实心功能梯度圆板，给出了它们的 解，并分析了热/机载荷作用下解的形态，讨论了横向剪切变形、材料梯度常数和边界条件， 对板的轴对称弯曲行为的影响.     

双参数弹性地基板计算新方法

弹性地基板的弯曲问题,尤其是自由边板,一直是学者和工程师们所十分关切的问题。本文用无单元法研究双参数弹性地基板的弯曲问题,由最小二乘法和变分原理导出了双参数弹性地基板的无单元法刚度短阵,编制相应的无单元法计算程序,并给出计算实例。结果表明本方法精度良好,可求出任意荷载作用下板中任一点的挠度、转角、弯矩和扭矩,且有广泛的工程应用前景。     

分析圆板横向振动的动态有限条法

本文首次将动态有限元法应用于轴对称圆板的振动特性分析,采用了位移函数沿周向按三角级数展开的环板弯曲单元,发展成为只需沿径向划分单元的动态有限条法。用单元谐振变形作为形状函数,按频率的升幂级数展开,建立了动态单元的质量和刚度矩阵,并使它的特征值求解问题与常规分析方法相协调。     

功能梯度与均匀圆板静动态解之间的相似转换关系

基于经典板理论,研究了功能梯度材料圆板的轴对称弯曲、屈曲和自由振动解与相应的均匀材料圆板解之间的转换关系.通过消去拉-弯耦合项得到了以挠度函数表示的功能梯度圆板的弯曲、屈曲和自由振动控制方程.分析功能梯度圆板与均匀圆板的控制方程之间的相似性,得到了功能梯度材料圆板与均匀圆板的解之间解的相似转换关系,在假定FGM圆板的材料性质沿厚分别以幂函数和指数函数的度变规律后,给出了相应的转换系数的解析表达式.该系数集中反映了功能梯度圆板的材料非均匀性.在已知均匀材料圆板轴对称解的条件下,可将功能梯度材料圆板轴对称问题的求解转化为相似转换系数的计算问题.这一方法可为非均匀板的求解提供了十分便捷有效的途径,而且便于工程应用.     

Dynamical bending of rigid-plastic annular plates

Dynamical bending of circular rigid-plastic annular plates, fixed along the exterior boundary and free on the interior boundary, when subjected to instantaneously applied transverse uniformly distributed blast-type load[1], is investigated in this paper.It is shown that annular plates are preferable to plates without holes, since their load capacity increases while residual deflections decrease. A so-called boundary parameter is introduced to estimate the effect of boundary conditions on the radial bending moment.A procedure for determining the residual deflections at every point of a plate is developed for use on an electronic computer. Numerical examples are given. In the end of the paper, the particularities of solution of our problem for annular plates, corresponding to the setting of Wang[2], Wang and Hopkins[3] for plates without holes are discussed.     

Photoelastic analysis of a thick plate with an elliptical hole subjected to simple out-of-plane bending

A three-dimensional photoelastic analysis using the stress freezing and slicing techniques was employed to study the stress distribution and the stress-concentration factors around an elliptical hole in a plate of finite thickness. The plate was subjected to simple out-of-plane bending. A special bending device was designed to produce uniform bending moment at the two opposite free edges of the plate. Six plates with various elliptical holes were studied. The stress variation across the plate thickness at the periphery of the elliptical hole was also investigated. The experimental results were correlated with the existing theoretical solutions.     

Analysis of a plate containing an elliptic inclusion with eigencurvatures

Summary An infinite plate containing an elliptic subregion in which a uniform eigencurvature is prescribed is analyzed. The problem is formulated by using the classical plate theory. Employing the Maysel's relation, an integral-type solution to the equilibrium equation is expressed in terms of the eigencurvature. Closed-form solutions of the displacement and corresponding resultant moment are obtained for interior points as well as for exterior points of the ellipse. An infinite plate containing an elliptic inhomogeneity in which a uniform eigencurvature is prescribed is also considered. The disturbance of the displacement and corresponding resultant moment due to the inhomogeneity is determined by the equivalent eigencurvature method. Solutions of a circular finite plate with uniform eigencurvature in a circular zone are also obtained analytically. Received 30 September 1997; accepted for publication 3 February 1998     

Non-axisymmetric bending of thin annular plates due to circumferentially distributed moments

The non-linear deformation of a thin annular plate subjected to circumferentially distributed bending moments is studied. A von Kármán plate model is adopted to formulate the equations of motion. Free–free boundary conditions have been applied at both inner and outer edges. The matrix formulation of the Differential Quadrature Method is used to discretise and solve the governing equations. Linear analysis predicts that the annular disk deforms axisymmetrically into a spherical dome. However, the proposed non-linear analysis shows that a symmetry breaking bifurcation may occur after which the linear solution becomes unstable and the plate transitions into a non-axisymmetric cylindrical deformation. This is the case when at least one of two parameters reaches a critical value. These parameters are the non-dimensionalised ratio between applied moment and bending stiffness and the ratio between inner and outer radius. Furthermore, it is noted that free-free boundary conditions and circumferentially distributed bending moments do not break the circular symmetry of the annular disk. Hence, the principal axes of curvature in the deformed configuration do not have a preferred orientation. Therefore, the present work describes a shell possessing infinite identical equilibria, having different yet no favoured direction and, hence, links to previous researches on neutrally stable structures.     

环形薄板二维驻波的研究

在理论上和实验上对环形薄板二维驻波波节图形(克拉尼图形) 进行了研究. 通过在极坐标下对垂直板面方向小振动方程进行分离变量, 求解出环形薄板小振动方程在外边界悬空时分别在两种内边界条件, 即内边界悬空和内边界简支下的解析解的简正模式, 并计算了在第一种边条件下几种共振模式的径向波速近似值, 以及两种边条件下的圆形驻波波节线的半径和薄板的弹性模量. 发现通过调节环形薄板上点振动源的频率, 可精确控制薄板上出现的克拉尼图形. 实验上观察到了仅有圆形波节线, 仅有辐射状波节线, 以及两种波节线同时存在3 种简正模式的情形, 且波节线的数量可严格控制. 理论结果跟实验符合得很好.      

Analytical solution of rectangular plate with in-plane variable stiffness

The bending problem of a thin rectangular plate with in-plane variable stiffness is studied. The basic equation is formulated for the two-opposite-edge simply supported rectangular plate under the distributed loads. The formulation is based on the assumption that the flexural rigidity of the plate varies in the plane following a power form, and Poisson’s ratio is constant. A fourth-order partial differential equation with variable coefficients is derived by assuming a Levy-type form for the transverse displacement. The governing equation can be transformed into a Whittaker equation, and an analytical solution is obtained for a thin rectangular plate subjected to the distributed loads. The validity of the present solution is shown by comparing the present results with those of the classical solution. The influence of in-plane variable stiffness on the deflection and bending moment is studied by numerical examples. The analytical solution presented here is useful in the design of rectangular plates with in-plane variable stiffness.     

环形板的非轴对称屈曲分析

本文利用打靶法研究了内外边界固支且在外边界受均匀径向压力作用下的极正交各向异性环形板的非轴对称屈曲和过屈曲,计算了临界载荷,讨论了分支解的存在性,得到了分支解的渐近表达式,分析了环形板的屈曲性态。     

环形板的非轴对称屈曲分析

本文利用打靶法研究了内外边界固支且在外边界受均匀径向压力作用下的极正交各向异性环形板的非轴对称屈曲和过屈曲,计算了临界载荷,讨论了分支解的存在性,得到了分支解的渐近表达式,分析了环形板的屈曲性态。     

Elasticity solutions for a transversely isotropic functionally graded circular plate subject to an axisymmetric transverse load qrk

This paper considers the bending of transversely isotropic circular plates with elastic compliance coefficients being arbitrary functions of the thickness coordinate, subject to a transverse load in the form of qr^k (k is zero or a finite even number). The differential equations satisfied by stress functions for the particular problem are derived. An elaborate analysis procedure is then presented to derive these stress functions, from which the analytical expressions for the axial force, bending moment and displacements are obtained through integration. The method is then applied to the problem of transversely isotropic functionally graded circular plate subject to a uniform load, illustrating the procedure to determine the integral constants from the boundary conditions. Analytical elasticity solutions are presented for simply-supported and clamped plates, and, when degenerated, they coincide with the available solutions for an isotropic homogenous plate. Two numerical examples are finally presented to show the effect of material inhomogeneity on the elastic field in FGM plates.