多个共面任意分布表面裂纹的应力强度因子

采用线弹簧模型求解多个共面任意分布表面裂纹的应力强度因子。基于Ｒｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ板理论和连续分布位错思想,通过积分变换方法,将含有多个共面任意分布表面裂纹的无限平板问题归结为一组Ｃａｕｃｈｙ型奇异积分方程。利用Ｇａｕｓｓ－Ｇｈｅｂｙｓｈｅｖ笔法获得了奇异积分方程的数值解。为验证本文法的正确性,文中最后给出了有关应力强度因子或Ｐ－Ｖ曲线的数值结果并与现有的理论结果或实验结果进行了对比。结果表明了连续位     

应力梯度不均匀时平板表面裂纹的应力强度因子

本文采用考虑裂纹面上具有任意分布载荷的线弹簧模型,在Kirchhoff板弯曲理论的假设下,将含半椭圆型表面裂纹的平板问题化为一组耦合的积分方程组进行求解,对均匀拉伸和纯弯曲两种载荷作用下的应力强度因子数值解,同经典线弹簧模型和有限元解进行了比较,并给出了经典线弹簧模型不能得到的、裂纹面上承受幂次不均匀应力分布时应力强度因子的数值解.     

椭圆平片裂纹前沿应力强度因子解析解的超奇异积分方程方法

对无限大三维均质弹性体中任意平片裂纹的超奇异积分方程,巧妙地引入椭球坐标系和利用裂纹表面位移间断人有平方根的特性,获得了受任意方向均布压力作用下椭圆平片裂纹问题的超奇异积分方程的解析解。运用这些解析解和应力强度因子的定义,得到了裂纹前沿Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型和应力强度因子的精确表达式,所得结果与现有精确解完全一致。     

三维体内含垂直于双材料界面混合型裂纹的超奇异积分解法

利用双材料位移基本解和Somigliana公式,将三维体内含垂直于双材料界面混合型裂纹问题归结为求解一组超奇异积分方程。使用主部分析法,通过对裂纹前沿应力奇性的分析,得到用裂纹面位移间断表示的应力强度因子的计算公式,进而利用超奇异积分方程未知解的理论分析结果和有限部积分理论,给出了超奇异积分方程的数值求解方法。最后,对典型算例的应力强度因子做了计算,并讨论了应力强度因子数值结果的收敛性及其随各参数变化的规律。     

含裂纹粘接结构的边界元应力分析

本文采用子域法和直接应力奇异单元法求解二维粘接结构中的裂纹问题。子域法把粘接结构划分为三个子域,根据每个子域的边界积分方程和子域间的界面条件,可以建立粘接结构的边界积分方程组。直接应力奇异单元能够在整个单元长度上反映裂纹端部的1/r~(1/2)奇异性,在计算时可以通过坐标变换消除奇异单元积分中的奇异性,直接计算出应力强度因子。含裂纹多层结构的数值示例和粘接补强单边裂纹板的应力测试和疲劳试验结果证实了本文方法的有效性。     

磁电热弹耦合材料三维多裂纹超奇异积分法

用超奇异积分方程法将多场耦合载荷作用下磁电热弹耦合材料内含任意形状和位置三维多裂纹问题转化为求解一以广义位移间断为未知函数的超奇异积分方程组问题,退化得到内含任意形状平行三维多裂纹问题的超奇异积分方程组;推导出平行三维多裂纹问题的裂纹前沿广义奇异应力场解析表达式、定义了广义(应力、应变能)强度因子和广义能量释放率;应用有限部积分概念及体积力法,为超奇异积分方程组建立了数值求解方法,编制了FORTRAN程序,以平行双裂纹为例,通过典型算例,研究了广义(应力、应变能)强度因子随裂纹位置、裂纹形状及材料参数变化规律,得到裂纹断裂评定准则. 最后,分析了裂纹间干扰、屏蔽作用及其在工程实际中的应用.      

双槽圆形截面管角裂纹应力强度因子

弯曲载荷作用下,双槽圆形截面管的角裂纹具有两个不同的奇异应力场和相应的应力强度因子,针对该异型薄壁管裂纹问题,提出了一种简单实用的应力强度因子求解方法。即利用守恒律,通过选取适当的三维积分路径,并结合初等力学的应力位移计算方法,显化了应力强度因子对J_2积分的贡献,建立了一个求解应力强度因子的方程。由于该方程不足以求解两个应力强度因子,利用材料力学平截面保持平面的变形假设,建立了应力强度因子之间的补充方程。将J_2积分与补充方程联立求解,既可得到弯曲载荷作用下双槽圆形截面管角裂纹的应力强度因子。对于其他异型薄壁管裂纹问题,该方法同样适用,计算过程简单。     

一种基于直接计算高阶奇异积分的断裂力学双边界积分方程分析法

相对于有限元法,边界单元法在求解断裂问题上有着独特的优势,现有的边界单元法中主要有子区域法和双边界积分方程法.采用一种改进的双边界积分方程法求解二维、三维断裂问题的应力强度因子,对非裂纹边界采用传统的位移边界积分方程,只需对裂纹面中的一面采用面力边界积分方程,并以裂纹间断位移为未知量直接用于计算应力强度因子.采用一种高阶奇异积分的直接法计算面力边界积分方程中的超强奇异积分;对于裂纹尖端单元,提供了三种不同形式的间断位移插值函数,采用两点公式计算应力强度因子.给出了多个具体的算例,与现存的精确解或参考解对比,可得到高精度的计算结果.      

裂纹端部细短纤维的应力分析

基于裂纹端部存在与其裂纹面相垂直的二相细短纤维分析模型，采用叠加原理推导了求解纤维表面应力分布函数的积分方程，通过简化得到了该方程的解析表达显式，该积分方程的特征值方程是纤维几何参数，材料常数以及纤维相对于裂纹位置的相关函数，当材料参数不满足特征方程时，积分方程将具有唯一解；并借助数值方法，给出了纤维剪应力分布算例，和纤维对应力强度因子的影响。     

横观各向同性材料的三维断裂力学问题

从三维横观各向同性材料弹性力学理论出发, 使用Hadamard有限部积分概念, 导出了三维状态下单位位移间断(位错)集度的基 本解. 在此基础上, 进一步运用极限理论, 将任意载荷作用下, 三维无限大横观各向 同性材料弹性体中, 含有一个位于弹性对称面内的任意形状的片状裂纹问题, 归结为求 解一组超奇异积分方程的问题. 通过二维超奇异积分的主部分析方法, 精确地求得了裂纹前沿光滑点附近的应力奇异指数和奇异应力场, 从而找到了以裂纹表面位移间断表示的应力强度因子表达式及裂纹局部扩展所提供 的能量释放率. 作为以上理论的实际应用，最后给出了一个圆形片状裂纹问题 的精确解例和一个正方形片状裂纹问题的数值解例. 对受轴对称法向均布载荷作用下圆形片状裂纹问题, 讨论了超奇异积分方程的精确求解方法, 并获得了位移间断和应力强度因子的封闭解, 此结果与现有理论解完全一致.     

拉伸载荷作用下共面表面裂纹间应力强度因子影响系数的有限元分析

采用参数化有限元方法,结合节点力法和循环迭代算法,对一有限厚矩形板表面有两个相邻共面半椭圆表面裂纹在拉伸载荷作用下进行了求解,得到了两裂纹在不同形状和相隔距离时的应力强度因子的影响系数,计算结果对含三维广布裂纹结构的剩余强度和疲劳寿命有参考意义.     

Three coplanar Griffith cracks in an infinite elastic strip

We consider the problem of determining the stress intensity factors and crack energy in an infinitely long isotropic, homogeneous elastic strip containing three coplanar Griffith cracks. The three coplanar Griffith cracks are situated symmetrically on a line perpendicular to the edges of the strip. We assume that the cracks are opened by an internal pressure and the edges of the strip are fixed. By using the theory of Fourier series we reduce the problem to solving a set of quadruple trigonometrical series equations with a cosine kernel. Closed form solution is obtained for the quadruple series equations. Closed form analytical expressions are derived for the stress intensity factors, the shape of the deformed cracks and the crack energy. Solutions to some particular problems are derived as limiting cases.     

Thermal shock analyses for a strip containing an infinite row of periodically distributed cracks normal to its edge

The transient thermal stress problem of a semi-infinite plate containing an infinite row of periodically distributed cracks normal to its edge is investigated in this paper. The elastic medium is assumed to be cooled suddenly on the crack-containing edge. By the superposition principle, the formulation leads to a mixed boundary value problem, with the negating tractions arisen from the thermal stresses for a crack-free semi-infinite plate. The resulting singular integral equation is solved numerically. The effects on the stress intensity factors due to the presence of periodically distributed cracks in a semi-infinite plate are illustrated. For both the edge crack and the embedded crack arrays, the stress intensity factors increase, due to the reduction of the shielding effect, as the stacking cracks are more separated. For the case of embedded crack array, one has the further conclusion that the stress intensity factors decline as the crack array shifts from the plate edge.     

Surface cracks in a plate of finite width under extension or bending

In this paper the problem of a finite plate containing collinear surface cracks is considered. The problem is solved by using the line spring model with plane elasticity and Reissner's plate theory. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of interaction between two cracks or between cracks and stress-free plate boundaries on the stress intensity factors and to provide extensive numerical results which may be useful in applications. First, some sample results are obtained and are compared with the existing finite element results. Then the problem is solved for a single (internal) crack, two collinear cracks and two corner cracks for wide range of relative dimensions. Particularly in corner cracks the agreement with the finite element solution is surprisingly very good. The results are obtained for semielliptic and rectangular crack profiles which may, in practice, correspond to two limiting cases of the actual profile of a subcritically growing surface crack.     

3D dynamic stress intensity factors at three rectangular cracks in an infinite elastic medium subjected to a time-harmonic stress wave

Summary Dynamic stresses around three coplanar cracks in an infinite elastic medium are determined in the paper. Two of the cracks are equal, rectangular and symmetrically situated on either side of the centrally located rectangular crack. Time-harmonic normal traction acts on each surface of the three cracks. To solve the problem, two kind of solutions are superposed: one is a solution for a rectangular crack in an infinite elastic medium, and the other one is that for two rectangular cracks in an infinite elastic medium. The unknown coefficients in the combined solution are determined by applying the boundary conditions at the surfaces of the cracks. Finally, stress intensity factors are calculated numerically for several crack configurations. Received 14 July 1998; accepted for publication 2 December 1998     

In-plane perturbation of a system of two coplanar slit-cracks – I: Case of arbitrarily spaced crack fronts

In order to lay the grounds for a future study of the deformation of the fronts of coplanar cracks during their final coalescence, we consider the model problem of a system of two coplanar, parallel, identical slit-cracks loaded in mode I in some infinite body. The first, necessary task is to determine the distribution of the stress intensity factors along the crack fronts resulting from some small but otherwise arbitrary in-plane perturbation of these fronts. This is done here in the case where the distances between the various crack fronts are arbitrary and fixed.The first order expression of the local variation of the stress intensity factor is provided by a general formula of Rice (1989) in terms of some “fundamental kernel” tied to the mode I crack face weight function. In the specific case considered, this fundamental kernel reduces to six unknown functions; the problem is to determine them. This is done by using another formula of Rice (1989) which provides the variation of the fundamental kernel in a similar way. This second formula is applied to special perturbations of the crack fronts preserving the shape and relative dimensions of the cracks while modifying their absolute size and orientation. The output of this procedure consists of nonlinear integro-differential equations on the functions looked for, which are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations through Fourier transform in the direction of the crack fronts, and then solved numerically.     

Elastoplastic cracks moving in orthotropic crystals

The stress field, crack-tip plastic zones and total plastic displacement created around an infinite row of collinear elastoplastic constant width Griffith-type strip cracks moving within an orthotropic crystal are considered using the powerful method of dislocation layers. The method is applied with the BCS modelled elastoplastic cracks moving under mode III loading at constant crack-tip velocity, according to the Yoffe model. Simultaneously the analysis provides solutions for a corresponding single crack moving similarly within a finite orthotropic plate and a finite plate containing a surface crack. Analogous results for the corresponding mode I, mode II and purely elastic cracks can be deduced.     

Dynamic stress intensity factors around two rectangular cracks in an infinite elastic plate under impact load

A dynamic problem for two equal rectangular cracks in an infinite elastic plate is considered. The two cracks are placed perpendicular to the plane surfaces of the plate. An incoming shock tensile stress is returned by the cracks. In the Laplace transform domain, the boundary conditions at the two sides of the plate are satisfied using the Fourier transform technique. The mixed boundary conditions are reduced to dual integral equations. Crack displacement is expanded in a series of functions which are zero outside of the cracks. The unknown coefficients in the series are determined by the Schmidt method. The stress intensity factors are defined in the Laplace transform domain and these are inverted using a numerical method.