分数阶粘弹性地基上薄板波动和振动特性分析

本文研究了粘弹性地基上薄板的波动和振动问题．主要讨论了基于分数导数理论的粘弹性地基模型上 薄板弯曲波的传播特性以及固有频率对地基的依赖特性．推导了三种经典粘弹性地基模型的复模量．并利用分 数导数的性质得到分数阶粘弹性地基上 Kirchhoff板中弯曲波的传播速度、衰减系数以及自由振动的复固有频 率．数值算例表明粘弹性地基对弯曲波传播特性存在显著影响,不同粘弹性模型所对应的色散和衰减特性也存 在较大差别．分数阶导数可以实现相邻整数阶导数之间的光滑过渡．利用分数导数的本构关系可以更加真实地 描述粘弹性地基的历史依赖行为,更准确地表现出粘弹性地基板中弯曲波的色散和衰减特性．     

三种分形和分数阶导数阻尼振动模型的比较研究

标准的整数阶导数方程不能准确描述粘弹性材料的记忆性参考文献[1]和阻尼的分数次幂频率依赖[2],因此分形导数、分数阶导数及正定分数阶导数被用于描述粘弹性介质中的阻尼振动.该文通过分析模型和数值模拟,比较了三种模型描述的振动过程.结果显示,当p小于约O.75或大于约1.9时(p为非整数阶导数的阶数),分形导数模型衰减最快;当P大于约0.75且小于约1.9时,正定分数阶导数模型衰减最快,衰减最慢的分别为分数阶导数模型(p<1)和分形导数模型(p>1).且正定分数阶导数模型衰减快于分数阶导数模型,当p接近2时,两种模型较为相近.     

一种改进的R-L分数阶导数定义在固体推进剂粘弹性本构模型中的应用

针对Riemann-Liouville分数阶导数定义的不足之处进行了改进,利用改进过的分数阶导数定义,建立了类Kelvin体粘弹性本构模型,并应用于某固体推进剂上,对本构方程中的三个参数进行了求解,与经典的prony级数模型进行比较,采用分数阶导数的类Kelvin体粘弹性本构模型与实验结果能很好地吻合.     

粘弹性流体的分数元模型及圆管起动流

分数元模型所描述的非牛顿流体属于复杂粘弹性流体,其应力与应变的分数阶时间导数成正比.本文提出一种用弹簧和油壶连接组成的分形网络结构来比拟分数元模型的应力-应变特性,利用Heaviside运算微积,证明了该分形网络结构对应的粘弹性流体为1/2阶导数的分数元.并证明了构成其他分数阶导数分数元模型需要引入弹簧和油壶的多重分形网络结构.本文还导出了分数元模型的圆管起动流的解析解,研究了分数元模型起动过程振荡特征与该模型导数阶β之间的关系;发现在β≠1的情况下,随时间的进程,圆管内分数元模型的运动最终均将趋于静止,只有β=1的情况是一个例外.     

上覆分数导数粘弹性场地土地震放大效应

基于一维波动模型和分数导数粘弹性本构关系,分析了在竖直方向上传播的剪切地震波作用下,基岩上分数导数粘弹性模型描述的场地土的横向振动问题,用直接刚度矩阵法求得了场地土的地震放大效应系数,并用数值算例讨论了相关参量对分数导数粘弹性场地土地震放大效应系数的影响。研究结果表明:在简谐剪切地震波作用下,分数导数粘弹性场地土存在共振现象;分数导数的阶数、模型参数和基岩与上覆场地土层底部之间的阻抗比对场地土的地震放大效应系数有较大的影响。     

分数算子描述的黏弹性体力学问题数值方法

讨论由黎曼-刘维尔 (Riemann-Liouville)分数导数描述的黏弹性体力学问题的数 值方法. 该方法利用黎曼-刘维尔分数 导数定义中核函数的特性，并结合被积函数在单步中的逼近以及Newmark型数值法，建立 了分数导数计算公式. 算例表明，该算法具有收敛快、精度高、稳定性好和易于 应用和改进的优点. 在对动态系统的瞬态响应分析和有限元分析格式中，算法都获得了 满意的结果.     

基于Caputo导数的分数阶非线性振动系统响应计算

研究了含分数阶Caputo导数的非线性振动系统响应的数值计算方法。首先,由Caputo分数阶导数算子的叠加关系,得到含分数阶导数项非线性振动系统状态方程的标准形式。其次,基于Caputo导数与Riemann-Liouville导数和Grunwald-Letnikov导数间的关系,推导计算了Caputo导数的一般数值迭代格式。本文方法不要求状态方程中各分数阶导数阶数相等,弱化了已有算法中对分数阶导数阶数的限制,并可推广到多自由度的情形。随后,选择若干有解析解的算例验证了本文方法的正确性。最后,以多吸引子共存的分数阶Duffing振子系统为例,比较Caputo和GL两种算法所得结果,说明了用GL算法求解存在的问题。     

基于Caputo导数的分数阶非线性振动系统响应计算

研究了含分数阶Caputo导数的非线性振动系统响应的数值计算方法。首先,由Caputo分数阶导数算子的叠加关系,得到含分数阶导数项非线性振动系统状态方程的标准形式。其次,基于Caputo导数与Riemann-Liouville导数和Grunwald-Letnikov导数间的关系,推导计算了Caputo导数的一般数值迭代格式。本文方法不要求状态方程中各分数阶导数阶数相等,弱化了已有算法中对分数阶导数阶数的限制,并可推广到多自由度的情形。随后,选择若干有解析解的算例验证了本文方法的正确性。最后,以多吸引子共存的分数阶Duffing振子系统为例,比较Caputo和GL两种算法所得结果,说明了用GL算法求解存在的问题。     

高速公路路基性态反分析及沉降预报

本文用三元件粘弹性流变模型模拟路基土体的流变特性, 根据施工期实测资料, 采用粘弹性有限元和非线性二乘法阻尼优化方法, 反演路基土体的地质力学参数, 然后计算路面铺筑后的工后沉降, 编制了土体粘弹性有限元正反分析程序, 并对沪宁高速公路某路段进行了反分析计算, 得到了满意的结果。     

关于粘弹性结构和复合结构有限元动力学方程的探讨

对粘弹性结构有限元动力学方程和复合结构有限元动力学方程进行了探讨。对于粘弹性结构有限元动力学方程，研究了表示成MCK形式的可能性，并对几种典型模型进行了分析研究。根据对阻尼的假设，给出了考虑弹性材料阻尼及结构外部粘性阻尼的拉氏域内弹性－－粘弹性复合结构有限元动力学方程。     

Time domain modeling of damping using anelastic displacement fields and fractional calculus

A fractional derivative model of linear viscoelasticity based on the decomposition of the displacement field into an anelastic part and elastic part is developed. The evolution equation for the anelastic part is then a differential equation of fractional order in time. By using a fractional order evolution equation for the anelastic strain the present model becomes very flexible for describing the weak frequency dependence of damping characteristics. To illustrate the modeling capability, the model parameters are fit to available frequency domain data for a high damping polymer. By studying the relaxation modulus and the relaxation spectrum the material parameters of the present viscoelastic model are given physical meaning. The use of this viscoelastic model in structural modeling is discussed and the corresponding finite element equations are outlined, including the treatment of boundary conditions. The anelastic displacement field is mathematically coupled to the total displacement field through a convolution integral with a kernel of Mittag–Leffler function type. Finally a time step algorithm for solving the finite element equations are developed and some numerical examples are presented.     

FE formulation for the viscoelastic body modeled by fractional constitutive law

This paper presents finite element (FE) formulation of the viscoelastic materials described by fractional constitutive law. The time-domain three-dimensional constitutive equation is constructed. The FE equations are set up by equations are solved by numerical integration method. The numerical algorithm developed by the authors for Liouville-Riemann's fractional derivative was adopted to formulate FE procedures and extended to solve the more general case of the hereditary integration. The numerical examples were given to show the correctness and effectiveness of the integration algorithm. The project supported by the Ministry of Education of China for the returned overseas Chinese scholars     

Reduced-order finite element method based on POD for fractional Tricomi-type equation

The reduced-order finite element method (FEM) based on a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) theory is applied to the time fractional Tricomi-type equation. The present method is an improvement on the general FEM. It can significantly save memory space and effectively relieve the computing load due to its reconstruction of POD basis functions. Furthermore, the reduced-order finite element (FE) scheme is shown to be unconditionally stable, and error estimation is derived in detail. Two numerical examples are presented to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the method for time fractional differential equations (FDEs).     

非线性粘弹性Timoshenko梁动力学行为的分布

本文讨论了有限变形粘弹性Timoshenko梁的动力学行为。首先由Timoshenko梁的理论和分数导数型本构关系给出了梁的控制方程。其次为了便于求解,采用Galerkin方法对系统进行了简化,并比较了1阶和2阶截断系统的动力学性质,它们具有相同的定性性质,说明Galerkin方法的合理性。给出了求解包含分数积分的积分－微分方程的一种新方法,以便求解系统的长时间的解。综合利用非线性动力系统中的经典方法,揭示了梁在有限变形情况下丰富的动力学行为,并分别考察了载荷参数的材料参数对结构的动力学行为的影响。     

Long-range cohesive interactions of non-local continuum faced by fractional calculus

A non-local continuum model including long-range forces between non-adjacent volume elements has been studied in this paper. The proposed continuum model has been obtained as limit case of two fully equivalent mechanical models: (i) A volume element model including contact forces between adjacent volumes as well as long-range interactions, distance decaying, between non-adjacent elements. (ii) A discrete point-spring model with local springs between adjacent points and non-local springs with distance-decaying stiffness connecting non-adjacent points. Under the assumption of fractional distance-decaying interactions between non-adjacent elements a fractional differential equation involving Marchaud-type fractional derivatives has been obtained for unbounded domains. It is shown that for unbounded domains the two mechanical models revert to Lazopoulos and Eringen model with fractional distance-decaying functions. It has also been shown that for a confined bar, the stress–strain relation is substantially different from that obtained simply using the truncated Marchaud derivatives since a double integral instead of convolution integral appears. Moreover, in the analysis of bounded domains, the governing equations turn out to an integro-differential equation including only the integral part of Marchaud fractional derivatives on finite interval. The mechanical boundary condition for the proposed model has been introduced consistently on the basis of mechanical considerations, and the constitutive law of the proposed continuum model has been reported by mathematical induction. Several numerical applications have been reported to show, verify and assess the concepts listed in this paper.     

Adaptive unstructured finite element method for two-dimensional detonation simulations

A non-equilibrium reacting flow methodology has been added to a conservative, monotonic, compressible flow solver to allow numerical simulations of gas detonations. This flow solver incorporates unstructured dynamically adaptive meshes with the Finite Element Method – Flux Corrected Transport (FEM-FCT) scheme, which has shown excellent predictive capability of various non-reacting compressible flows. A two-step induction parameter model was used to model the combustion of the gas phase coupled with an energy release equation which was simulated with a point implicit finite element scheme. This combustion model was then applied to a two-dimensional detonation test case of a hypothetical fuel:oxygen mixture. The detonation simulation yielded two transverse waves which continued to propagate. This feature and the detonation shock speed mean and fluctuations were found to be grid-independent based on a resolution of about twenty elements within the average induction length. The resolution was efficiently achieved with the unstructured dynamically adaptive finite elements, which were three orders of magnitude less in number then required for uniform discretization. Received 26 August 1996 / Accepted 31 March 1997     

关于无振荡、无自由参数有限元格式的研究

利用双曲守恒律方程的Ｔａｙｌｏｒ弱解表达式，建立了有限元法修正方程，选择合适的展开式系数能得到一系列数值格式．通过稳定性分析研究了格式的稳定性、色散误差与有限元修正方程导数项系数之间的关系，该关系与差分法的ＮＮＤ格式一致．在选定格式下，通过ＣＦＬ数可控制有限元离散解的振荡而使格式不含自由参数．最后，用数值算例验证了这一关系，并在二、三维欧拉方程作了推广应用．     

Fractional order spring/spring-pot/actuator element in a multibody system: Application of an expansion formula

Fractional order models of a spring/spring-pot and spring/spring-pot/actuator element connected into a multibody system are proposed in order to represent smart materials and components in adaptronic systems by introducing new tuning parameter. The models are introduced into dynamic equations via generalized forces and using the Lagrange's equations of the second kind in covariant form. Generalized forces are derived by taking into account fractional order derivatives in force–displacement relations and by using the principle of virtual work. The numerical scheme for solving fractional order differential equations proposed in Atanacković and Stanković (2008) is used in order to approximate fractional order derivative of a composite function appearing in the presented fractional order model. Numerical example for the multibody system with three degrees of freedom is presented. The results obtained for generalized forces are compared for different values of parameters in the fractional order derivative model.