The Fractional Fourier Transform and Harmonic Oscillation

The ath-order fractional Fourier transform is a generalization ofthe ordinary Fourier transform such that the zeroth-order fractionalFourier transform operation is equal to the identity operation and thefirst-order fractional Fourier transform is equal to the ordinaryFourier transform. This paper discusses the relationship of thefractional Fourier transform to harmonic oscillation; both correspondto rotation in phase space. Various important properties of thetransform are discussed along with examples of commontransforms. Some of the applications of the transform are brieflyreviewed.     

矩形薄板弯曲问题的二维广义有限积分变换法

运用二维广义有限积分变换解法，本文推导出不同边界条件下矩形薄板弯曲问题的解析解．在推导过程中，选取满足边界条件的梁振型函数为广义积分变换的积分核，由此构造出广义有限积分变换对，通过对薄板弯曲问题的控制方程进行二维广义积分变换，可以将控制方程转换为易于求解的线性代数方程组．该方法无需预先选取位移函数，无需进行繁琐的叠加过程，求解过程思路清晰，说明该方法更加正确合理．最后通过计算实例对比，验证了该方法的合理性及所推导公式的正确性．     

平稳随机过程模拟的一个快速Hartley变换方法

由平稳随机过程谱表示定理导出了平稳随机过程蒙特卡罗模拟的一个快速Hartley变换方法。按照该方法，样本过程可直接由一正弦和余弦函数和的级数公式计算产生。可以证明，当级数项数N足够大时，模拟的样本过程可准确地反映平稳随机过程规定的性质；当样本过程足够多时，其总体均值和总体自相关函数均趋于相应目标函数。方法有如下一些特点：模拟的样本过程由相互正交的两个过程迭加而成，样本过程具备各态历经性质，样本过程随着级数项数N趋于无穷而渐近呈正态分布，可直接利用快速Hartley变换来大大提高模拟的计算效率。     

The frequency response function of the creep compliance

Motivated from the need to convert time-dependent rheometry data into complex frequency response functions, this paper studies the frequency response function of the creep compliance that is coined the complex creep function. While for any physically realizable viscoelastic model the Fourier transform of the creep compliance diverges in the classical sense, the paper shows that the complex creep function, in spite of exhibiting strong singularities, it can be constructed with the calculus of generalized functions. The mathematical expressions of the real and imaginary parts of the Fourier transform of the creep compliance of simple rheological networks derived in this paper are shown to be Hilbert pairs; therefore, returning back in the time domain a causal creep compliance. The paper proceeds by showing how a measured creep compliance of any solid-like or fluid-like viscoelastic material can be decomposed into elementary functions with parameters that can be identified from best fit of experimental data. The proposed technique allows for a direct determination of the sufficient parameters needed to approximate an experimentally measured creep compliance and the presented mathematical formulae offers dependable expressions of the corresponding complex-frequency response functions.

     

爆破震动信号的小波分析与HHT变换

以实测的爆破震动信号为例,分别应用小波分析和HHT(Hilbert-Huang Transform)变换从不同方面进行对比分析,讨论了爆破震动信号的特征提取和时频分布。结果表明:小波分析和HHT变换都是处理非平稳信号的两种好方法,都能很好地提取信号的主要特征信息和进行滤波、消噪。然而,小波分析存在选择小波基的困难,而HHT变换不需要预先选择基函数,其EMD（empirical mode decomposition）得到的IMF(intrinsic mode function)能反映原始信号的固有特性,通常具有实际物理意义;小波谱的能量在频率范围内分布较宽,而Hilbert能量谱能清晰地表明能量随时频的具体分布,大部分能量都集中在有限的能量谱线上;小波分析中时间、频率分辨率受Heisenberg测不准原理的限制,而HHT变换中时间分辨率不变且精度很高,其频率分辨率则可随信号内在的特性进行自适应调节。分析表明:HHT变换在分析非平稳信号时较小波分析更具适应性,在岩石中波的传播、衰减规律、结构动态响应特征和爆破震动破坏等研究中有着广阔的应用前景。     

小波变换理论在损伤探测中的应用

本文采用小波变换技术，对含边裂纹的悬臂梁受冲击载荷作用的情况进行分析。根据电测法得到的动态应变的实验结果，用Morlet小波变换处理，能够很好地确定边缘缺陷的特性。这为结构损伤检测提供了一个很有效的方法，具有广阔的工程应用前景。     

基于小波变换的重力变化信号处理技术研究

针对重力敏感器中所测信号的特点，提出了小波变换的多分辨率分析方法。采用了强制去噪和阈值去噪两种方法，利用Daubechies小波函数，分别针对三种典型情况进行了分析。结果表明，对于信噪比非常小的重力变化信号，阈值去噪法相对于强制去噪法来说效果并没有明显提高，第9层下重建信号的逼近误差满足性能指标。文中还讨论了加入确定性干扰的情况下微弱信号的提取情况，结果表明，加入大的确定性干扰后，为了满足设计要求，小波分解的尺度有所增加，整体的滤波效果与未加入确定性干扰的情况基本相同。     

基于小波变换及Wigner-Ville变换方法的超声导波信号分析

对结构中缺陷的检测和识别是无损检测中的一项重要研究课题,超声导波由于可在短时间内检测很远距离,故它的一个重要应用便是管材的检测。因而对导波检测信号的处理成为一重要研究内容,本文利用时-频分析方法中的小波变换和Wigner-Ville变换对管道和抽油杆缺陷的导波检测信号进行了分析处理。实验结果表明,进行小波变换后,缺陷回波信号的信噪比大大提高,直径仅1mm的小孔缺陷可容易地被识别出来,准确检测出其位置;通过对信号进行Wigner-Ville的相关变换,可同时在时频两域内对缺陷的回波信号进行分析,使缺陷辨别起来简单易行。两种信号处理方法的超声导波应用研究为以后导波信号的处理提供了新的实现依据。     

基于拉氏变换的弹性动力学插值型重构核粒子法

插值型重构核粒子法的形函数具有离散点插值特性和不低于核函数的高阶光滑性，因而不仅可以直接施加本质边界条件，同时也保证了较高的计算精度．本文将弹性动力学方程作拉氏变换后，在变换域内用插值型重构核粒子法求解，最后再借助Durbin数值反演方法求得时间域的解．针对典型的弹性动力学问题，给出了插值型重构核粒子法的数值算例，并验证了本文方法的有效性．     

基于小波包变换的梁式结构损伤定位方法

本文针对梁式结构,基于小波包变换理论,提出一种新的损伤定位方法。该方法利用小波包变换将结构的响应分解到不同的模态,引入曲率公式定义了新的小波能量指标,使得能量指标对损伤位置更加敏感。根据工程实际,构造了对应于结构区域的损伤指标。利用D-S证据理论对得到的各阶损伤指标进行数据融合,从而优化了识别结果。通过数值模拟和实验,对新提出的方法进行了验证,结果表明该方法有效,并可应用于工程实际。     

一种基于小波变换的信号突变征兆提取方法及其应用

获取故障征兆是诊断系统必须解决的首要问题。应用小波变换理论提出了一种信号突变征兆提取方法，并将它应用于转台故障诊断中。实验结果表明，这种方法在信号突变征兆提取上具有明显效果。     

Fault Detection in DC Electro Motors Using the Continuous Wavelet Transform

Two time–frequency methods were used to detect typical faults in DC electro motors: the windowed Fourier transform and the continuous wavelet transform. Four groups containing three electro motors each were manufactured with typical faults and examined. These faults included a bearing fault, an increased unbalance, a fragmented brush and a fragmented collector. The velocity of the vibrations at selected points on the electro motors was measured with a laser probe. The parameters of both transforms were selected in order to make both methods comparable. Because of the poor frequency variance, the windowed Fourier transform was, in this case, proven to be inferior to the continuous wavelet transform. Therefore, the continuous wavelet transform was chosen as the primary tool for fault detection.Three criteria were found that successfully discriminated between the typical faults. These were the highest magnitude level, the frequency of the first and second harmonics and the time period between the magnitude pulses in the third (highest) frequency region. If the maximum magnitude levels versus the period of the pulses in the third frequency range are plotted, four distinct regions corresponding to four different faults are obtained. Since the regions do not overlap, linear classifiers can be used with the presented criteria.     

子波去噪技术在湍流信号处理中的应用

本文在分析了随机噪声的子波变换系数在不同尺度上的传递特性以及噪声信号奇异性与子波模极大值的关系后,提出了用尺度间变化的门限值来抑制带噪湍流信号在不同尺度上的噪声子波系数,从而实现了在重构湍流信号中消除噪声的目的。本文给出了湍流信号的子波去噪的计算机仿真结果,并与傅立叶去噪进行了比较,从结果上看,本文的方法有较好的去噪功能。     

Three-dimensional continuum analysis for a unidirectional composite with a broken fiber

The three-dimensional problem of a periodic unidirectional composite with a penny-shaped crack traversing one of the fibers is analyzed by the continuum equations of elasticity. The solution of the crack problem is represented by a superposition of weighted unit normal displacement jump solutions, everyone of which forms a Green’s function. The Green’s functions for the unbounded periodic composite are obtained by the combined use of the representative cell method and the higher-order theory. The representative cell method, based on the triple discrete Fourier transform, allows the reduction of the problem of an infinite domain to a problem of a finite one in the transform space. This problem is solved by the higher-order theory according to which the transformed displacement vector is expressed by a second order expansion in terms of local coordinates, in conjunction with the equilibrium equations and the relevant boundary conditions. The actual elastic field is obtained by a numerical evaluation of the inverse transform. The accuracy of the suggested approach is verified by a comparison with the exact analytical solution for a penny-shaped crack embedded in a homogeneous medium. Results for a unidirectional composite with a broken fiber are given for various fiber volume fractions and fiber-to-matrix stiffness ratios. It is shown that for certain parameter combinations the use of the average stress in the fiber, as it is employed in the framework of the shear lag approach, for the prediction of composite’s strength, leads to an over estimation. To this end, the concept of “point stress concentration factor” is introduced to characterize the strength of the composite with a broken fiber. Several generalizations of the proposed approach are offered.     

Extended Self Similarity of Passive Scalar in Rayleigh-Bénard Convection Flow Based on Wavelet Transform

Wavetet transform was used to analyze the scaling law of temperature data utilize the method of extended self similarity, presented first by Benzi et al. , to study the scaling exponent of temperature data. The obtained results show that the inertial range is much wider than that one determined directly from the conventional structure function, and find the obtained scaling exponent agrees well with the one obtained from the temperature data in an experiment of wind tunnel. The second one was that, by extending the formula which was proposed by A. Arneodo et al. for extracting the scaling exponentζ(q) of velocity data to temperature data, a newly defined formula which is also based on wavelet transform, and can determine the scaling exponentζ(q) of temperature data was proposed.The obtained results demonstrate that by using the method which is named as WTMM ( wavelet transform maximum modulus )ζ(q) correctly can be extracted.     

On the Camassa–Holm and K–dV Hierarchies

It is known that a transform of Liouville type allows one to pass from an equation of the Korteweg–de Vries (K–dV) hierarchy to a corresponding equation of the Camassa–Holm (CH) hierarchy (Beals et al., Adv Math 154:229–257, 2000; McKean, Commun Pure Appl Math 56(7):998–1015, 2003). We give a systematic development of the correspondence between these hierarchies by using the coefficients of asymptotic expansions of certain Green’s functions. We illustrate our procedure with some examples.     

基于小波变换的陀螺漂移建模与实验研究

在基于小波变换陀螺漂移建模方法的基础上对其进行了实验研究,详细阐述了实验的步骤,提出了有关工程问题的解决方法。实验结果表明,基于小波变换的陀螺漂移建模方法的精度高且明显优于传统方法。     

On the comparison of the solutions obtained by using two different transform methods for the second problem of Stokes for Newtonian fluids

The unsteady flow over a plane wall which is initially at rest and the plate begins suddenly to oscillate in own plane is considered. The solution subject to the boundary and initial conditions is obtained by applying to the governing equation the Laplace transform method or Fourier transform method. A comparison of the solutions obtained by two transform methods for flow considered is given. It is shown that the solution obtained by the Laplace transform method or Fourier transform method is the sum of the steady-state and the transient parts. The transient parts are found in terms of definite integrands whose integrals are oscillatory functions. Therefore, the transient parts are expressed in terms of the tabulated functions.     

基于分析传函的有源力控FLMS算法研究

针对结构振动和声辐射有源控制中对误差传函现有建模方法的不足 ,本文对该系统的物理通道进行了分析建模 ,形成了基于分析传函模型的 FLMS算法 ,该分析传函模型中充分包含了结构的振动模态信息 ,无论激励力源是单频还是宽频激励力源 ,该模型都可以在实施 FLMS算法之前确定所需参数。随后在该算法的计算机模拟实验中 ,通过与时延估计法的比较 ,表明该方法扩大了步长因子的取值范围 ,扩大了收敛域 ,该模型的建立为有效实施有源控制的自适应算法提供了一条新的途径。