二维各向异性问题的齐次解完备系及有关问题

本文讨论了一般的各向异性板弯曲问题和各向异性平面问题的基本微分方程齐次解完备系的一种选取方法以及它们在各种对称与反对称条件下的化简结果。考虑到解系的形式与基本方程的特征方程是否存在重根有关,文中导出了一个简单实用的重特征根存在充要条件以及该重根的简易计算式。所有的推导结果表明,这种齐次解完备系在表达、计算、对称性化简方面都较简便。     

频率方程有重根的主振型问题

针对自由振动体系的频率方程有重根解的现象，利用矩阵秩的判断对体系进行讨论，给出实例分析，绘出了振型图．     

不连续位移基本解的简单推导法

应用功的互等定理推导了平面问题的不连续位移基本解,指出了开尔文解中的某些应力分量对应于不连续位移基本解中的某些位移分量的规律。     

四边简支各向同性矩形厚板的插值矩阵法解

针对强厚度矩形板四边简支情况,论文根据状态变量法思想,基于三维弹性理论基本方程,以3个位移分量及3个应力分量按双三角级数展开,将三维弹性力学控制方程转化为常微分方程边值问题.尽管一些各向异性弹性矩形厚板早已由状态空间法获得分析解,可是各向同性厚板的分析解至今难以获得,因为状态空间解法中特征方程有重根问题而不易于收敛.论文提出采用插值矩阵法直接对常微分方程进行求解,获得各向同性矩形厚板在四边简支边界条件下三维理论的位移和应力解,并与有限元精细结果进行比较,证明了本文解的准确性.     

Reissner型板表面裂纹应力强度因子的线弹簧-不连续位移边界积分方程解法

本文由Reissner型板的不连续位移基本解，根据Betti互换定理，导出了Reissuer型板的不连续位移边界积分方程；结合平面问题的不连续位移边界积分方程─—边界元方法和线弹簧模型，给出了Rrissner型板表面裂纹应力强度因子的线弹簧-不连续位移边界积分方程解法。     

结构杆件撤除后简化分析一般方法

本文提出结构杆件撤除后简化分析的一般方法,视杆件撤除后新结构的解为原结构的解与原结构上加以关联荷载解的叠加,利用原结构的解及总体刚度矩阵的逆矩陈求解新结构,无需进行结构重分析,使计算量大大减小,文中基于有限元法导出求关联荷载的一般算式。该法适用于空间网格结构和刚架结构一根杆件撤除问题,也适用于多根杆件同时撤除问题。     

Reissner裂板表面裂纹应力强度因子的线弹簧—不连续位移…

本文由Ｒｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ型板的不连续位移基本解，根据Ｂｅｔｔｉ互换定理，导出了Ｒｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ型板的不连续位移边界积分方程，结合平面问题的不连续位移边界积分方程－－边界元方法和线弹簧模型，给出了Ｒｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ型板表面裂纹应力强度因子的线弹簧－不连续位移边界积分方程解法。     

正交各向异性弹性问题的规则化边界元法

本文致力于平面正交各向异性弹性问题的规则化边界元法研究,提出了新的规则化边界元法的理论和方法。对问题的基本解的特性进行了研究,确立基本解的积分恒等式,提出一种基本解的分解技术,在此基础上,结合转化域积分方程为边界积分方程的极限定理,建立了新颖的规则化边界积分方程。和现有方法比,本文不必将问题变换为各向同性的去处理,从而不含反演运算,也有别于Galerkin方法,无需计算重积分,因此所提方法不仅效率高,而且程序设计简单。特别是,所建方程可计算任何边界位移梯度,进而可计算任意边界应力,而不仅限于面力。数值实施时,采用二次单元和椭圆弧精确单元来描述边界几何,使用不连续插值逼近边界函数。数值算例表明,本文算法稳定、效率高,所取得的边界量数值结果与精确解相当接近。     

断裂问题特征根的重根探讨

利用特征矩阵的秩与特征根所对应的子特征函数空间维数之间的关系。确定了反平面断裂问题和平面断裂问题的特征根可能出现的最大重根数．利用Reissner型板特征根与反平面和平面断裂问题特征根的关系确定其可能出现的最大重根数．得到了反平面断裂问题、平面断裂问题和Reissner板断裂问题可能出现的最大重根数分别为1,2,3．     

弹塑性双材料界面裂纹的渐近分析

本文通过精确的数学分析,对于遵循塑性形变理论的幂硬化材料界面裂纹,求得了裂纹面面力自由和裂纹面无摩擦接触两种情况下的分离变量形式的全连续HRR 型奇性渐近解,这种全连续的奇性渐近解只对特殊的混合参数M'才存在.对任意指定的混合参数M',我们进一步求得了含弱间断的分离变量形式的HRR 型奇性渐近解(?)我们得到的所有解均保证了界面处的面力连续条件和位移连续条件,且不出现弹性双材料界面裂纹问题中所常见的应力振荡奇性和裂纹面相互嵌入的不合理现象.     

On the equivalence between traction- and stress-based approaches for the modeling of localized failure in solids

This work investigates systematically traction- and stress-based approaches for the modeling of strong and regularized discontinuities induced by localized failure in solids. Two complementary methodologies, i.e., discontinuities localized in an elastic solid and strain localization of an inelastic softening solid, are addressed. In the former it is assumed a priori that the discontinuity forms with a continuous stress field and along the known orientation. A traction-based failure criterion is introduced to characterize the discontinuity and the orientation is determined from Mohr's maximization postulate. If the displacement jumps are retained as independent variables, the strong/regularized discontinuity approaches follow, requiring constitutive models for both the bulk and discontinuity. Elimination of the displacement jumps at the material point level results in the embedded/smeared discontinuity approaches in which an overall inelastic constitutive model fulfilling the static constraint suffices. The second methodology is then adopted to check whether the assumed strain localization can occur and identify its consequences on the resulting approaches. The kinematic constraint guaranteeing stress boundedness and continuity upon strain localization is established for general inelastic softening solids. Application to a unified stress-based elastoplastic damage model naturally yields all the ingredients of a localized model for the discontinuity (band), justifying the first methodology. Two dual but not necessarily equivalent approaches, i.e., the traction-based elastoplastic damage model and the stress-based projected discontinuity model, are identified. The former is equivalent to the embedded and smeared discontinuity approaches, whereas in the later the discontinuity orientation and associated failure criterion are determined consistently from the kinematic constraint rather than given a priori. The bi-directional connections and equivalence conditions between the traction- and stress-based approaches are classified. Closed-form results under plane stress condition are also given. A generic failure criterion of either elliptic, parabolic or hyperbolic type is analyzed in a unified manner, with the classical von Mises (J₂), Drucker–Prager, Mohr–Coulomb and many other frequently employed criteria recovered as its particular cases.     

The analysis of crack problems with non-local elasticity

IntroductionTheclassicalconhnuummechanicshasbeenusedtosolvemanyproblemsinmacrofracturemechanics,butencountersdifficulheswhentheeffectofITilcrocharacteristicdimensionshouldbetakenintoaccount.Thestressfieldverynearthecracktipisstillnotclear.Somephenomenaofshortcrackscannotbeexplained["']andsomemechanismoffracturehasnotbeensolvedyet.Thenon-localelashcitytheoryseemsattractivetotheseproblems.Thetheoryofnon-localelasticity,establishedanddevelopedbyEringenetal[3),connectstheclassicalcontinuummechan…     

Dynamics of fine particles in liquid-solid fluidized beds

On the basis of the Local Equilibrium Model （LEM）, fine particles with large Richardson-Zaki exponent n show, under certain conditions during bed expansion and collapse, different dynamic behavior from particles with small n. For an expansion process there may be a concentration discontinuity propagating upward from the distributor, and, on the contrary, for a collapse process there may be a progressively broadening and upward-propagating continuous transition zone instead of discontinuity. The predictions of the bed height variation and the discontinuity trace have been validated experimentally.     

Strong discontinuities and continuum plasticity models: the strong discontinuity approach

The paper presents the Strong Discontinuity Approach for the analysis and simulation of strong discontinuities in solids using continuum plasticity models. Kinematics of weak and strong discontinuities are discussed, and a regularized kinematic state of discontinuity is proposed as a mean to model the formation of a strong discontinuity as the collapsed state of a weak discontinuity (with a characteristic bandwidth) induced by a bifurcation of the stress–strain field, which propagates in the solid domain. The analysis of the conditions to induce the bifurcation provides a critical value for the bandwidth at the onset of the weak discontinuity and the direction of propagation. Then a variable bandwidth model is proposed to characterize the transition between the weak and strong discontinuity regimes. Several aspects related to the continuum and, their associated, discrete constitutive equations, the expended power in the formation of the discontinuity and relevant computational details related to the finite element simulations are also discussed. Finally, some representative numerical simulations are shown to illustrate the proposed approach.     

Interpolated characteristic interface conditions for zonal grid refinement of high-order multi-block computations

When numerically calculating fluid flows around complex geometries using the high-order finite-difference method on structured grids, grid singularities are frequently observed, even if the grids are carefully generated. In multi-block computations with the generalised characteristic interface conditions (GCIC), decomposed subdomains (blocks) do not overlap but are connected by the inviscid characteristic relations. In the original theory of the GCIC, discontinuity of the metrics on the interface can be accurately treated; however, discontinuity of the grid lines on the interface is not allowed. This article proposes a theoretical extension to the GCIC by incorporating high-order interpolation methods; this extension is called GCIC with interpolation (GCIC + I). The basic concept and solution procedure of the multi-block computation with the GCIC + I are presented in detail, and two benchmark tests are conducted to validate the proposed theory.     

Analysis of the State for a Coal Massif Enclosing in-Seam Working and a Geological Discontinuity

A model of the geomechanical state for a rock massif with strength anisotropy has been developed. Themassif encloses an in-seamworking near the geological discontinuity. The developed models implemented on the basis of pseudo-load method and displacement discontinuity method. Based on the results obtained, stress diagrams and discontinuity zones of the massif in the vicinity of the mine working are constructed. The regularities of changing the state of the massif when its parameters are varied and the relative positions of the mine working and geological discontinuity are revealed.     

Stress intensity factors for asymmetric branched cracks in plane extension by using crack-tip displacement discontinuity elements

Stress intensity factors are important in the analysis of cracked materials. They are directly related to the fracture propagation and fatigue crack growth criteria. Based on the analytical solution (Crouch, S.L., 1976. Solution of plane elasticity problems by displacement discontinuity method, Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. 10, pp. 301–343; Crouch, S.L., Starfield, A.M., 1983. Boundary Element Method in Solid Mechanics, with Application in Rock Mechanics and Geological Mechanics, London, Geore Allon and Unwin, Bonton, Sydney) to the problem of a constant discontinuity in displacement over a finite line segment in the x, y plane of an infinite elastic solid, recently, the crack-tip displacement discontinuity element which can be classified as the left and right crack-tip displacement discontinuity elements are developed by the author Yan, X., (in press. A special crack-tip displacement discontinuity element, Mechanics Research Communications) to model the crack-tip fields to more accurately compute the stress intensity factors of cracks in general plane elasticity. In the boundary element implementation the left or the right crack-tip displacement discontinuity element is placed locally at the corresponding left or right crack tip on top of the ordinary non-singular displacement discontinuity elements that cover the entire crack surface and the other boundaries. To prove further the efficiency of the suggested approach and provide more results of the stress intensity factors, in this study, analysis of an asymmetric branched crack bifurcated from a main crack in plane extension is carried out.     

On the Water Depth in the Breach during a Partial Dam Break

Theoretical and experimental data which make it possible to find the flow-rate, momentum and energy of the fluid that enters the lower pool after a discontinuity breakdown (dam break) in a rectangular channel with an even bottom, a step (sharp downstream rise in the bottom), a shelf (sharp drop in the bottom), and a threshold on the bottom are presented.     

Propagation of first-order electromagnetic discontinuities in an isotropic medium

The propagation of a first-order electromagnetic discontinuity is discussed. Expressions are obtained for the possible velocities of propagation as functions of the field strengths ahead of the surface of discontinuity. Expressions are also obtained for the growth in the magnitude of the discontinuity as the wave progresses.     

Dynamics of discontinuity formation in a cavitating liquid layer under shock wave loading

The problem of experimental modeling of discontinuity formation in a cavitating liquid layer under shock wave loading is considered. It is shown that the discontinuity takes the shape of a spherical segment and retains it up to the closure instant. The discontinuity surface becomes covered with a dynamically growing thin boundary layer consisting of bubbles, which transforms to a ring-shaped vortex bubble cluster at the instant of the discontinuity closure, generating a secondary shock wave. Specific features of the structure of the cavitating flow discontinuity arising at loading intensities lower than 0.1 and 5 kJ are discussed.