中厚圆柱壳在局部荷载下有限变形与屈曲分析

在柱壳的有限元计算中，采用Mindlin八结点杂交壳单元和增量荷载法，基于选择积分，缩减积分及完全积分三种积分模式编制了分层计算各种厚度板壳的有限元程序FEAM，并对中厚圆柱壳在局部法向均布荷载作用下的弹塑性有限变形和屈曲问题进行了分析和计算，算例表明，利用FEAM可对壳体屈曲的临界荷载及屈曲后结构的承载与形状改变作定性与定量的分析.     

组合圆柱壳静态屈曲的几个影响因素分析

本文的研究是以“九五”国家科技攻关专题“快堆主钠池堆芯抗震性能的安全评价方法研究、中的屈曲研究子课题为背景展开的,所用模型简化自中国实验快堆钠池主容,是由薄壁圆柱壳和多个加劲肋结构而成的组合圆柱壳体,本文分别采用大型有限元程度ANSYS 5．4和LGOR FEAS（SUPER SAP 93）,对该壳体进行了常温时水平,轴向荷载共同作用静态屈曲的计算,同时考虑了诸如塑性,边界条件及初始缺陷等因素的影响,并进行了相关实验研究,最后将有限元计算结果与实验所获得的静屈曲荷载进行比较,结果吻合较好。     

变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳的轴压屈曲

变角度纤维复合材料的纤维方向角可沿铺层面内连续变化,因此相应结构的性能具有更高的设计灵活性和更大的优化空间．本文假设纤维方向角沿圆柱壳的轴向呈正弦函数变化,对变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳在两端简支边界条件下的轴压屈曲问题进行研究．基于Donnell经典壳体理论,推导变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳的前屈曲控制方程并运用伽辽金法进行求解,然后采用瑞利里兹法求解屈曲问题．通过和现有文献及有限元数值结果的对比,验证了本文模型的收敛性和正确性,通过数值算例分析了纤维起始角和终止角的变化对圆柱壳的屈曲临界荷载的影响．本文的研究结果可为变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳的分析和设计提供一定的参考．     

中厚夹层圆柱扁壳的屈曲分析

基于一阶剪切变形中厚圆柱壳理论,考虑夹心层的面内刚度,根据中厚夹层圆柱扁壳的几何方程、本构关系、平衡方程,建立了中厚夹层圆柱扁壳小挠度屈曲的微分方程;应用广义傅里叶级数解法,得到了四边简支条件下中厚夹层圆柱扁壳屈曲的临界荷载表达式。该表达式可以退化为硬夹心夹层板的表达式,表明本文推导过程的正确性。本文还讨论了夹心层的弹性模量和泊松比以及中厚夹心圆柱扁壳的长宽比和厚度对扁壳屈曲荷载的影响。结果表明:临界荷载与夹心层的弹性模量和泊松比成正比,与扁壳的长宽比和厚度成反比。     

轴向应力波作用下圆柱壳塑性轴对称动力屈曲

运用有限元特征值分析方法对应力波作用下圆柱壳塑性轴对称动力失稳问题进行了研究。基于应力波理论和相邻平衡准则导出了圆柱壳轴对称动力失稳时的特征方程,在分析中同时考虑了应力波效应及横向惯性效应,把圆柱壳塑性动力失稳问题归结为特征值问题。通过引入圆柱壳动力失稳时的波前约束条件实现了此类问题的有限元特征值解法。计算结果揭示了圆柱壳塑性轴对称动力屈曲变形发展的机理,以及轴向应力波和屈曲变形的相互作用规律。     

模态综合法在壳体屈曲计算中的应用

下文将结构振动分析中得到广泛应用的模态综合法用’于壳体屈曲问题的计算中，大大降低了离散系统的总体自由度，减小了问题的求解规模，采用模态综合法，对两端简支圆柱壳的屈曲载荷进行了计算，其结果与解符合良好，表明模态综合法分析壳体屈曲是有效的。     

关于冲击载荷下圆柱壳塑性屈曲的两个问题

本文按文献[1]中提出的能量原理,讨论了两个冲击载荷下圆柱壳的塑性屈曲问题,得到了相应的临界冲击速度的计算公式。1.径向冲击下圆柱壳的临界速度问题径向冲击下圆柱壳的塑性屈曲早在文献[2]中就已研究过。但和别的类似问题一样,已有工作主要限于屈曲模态的计算,而对究竟多大的冲击速度下可能发生塑性屈曲的问题,即所谓临界速度问题,并未进行过理论上的分析。其原因我们在[1]中已经指出,即经典的临界速度定义已不适用于此类问题,问题的提法需要重新考虑。     

轴向应力波作用下圆柱壳弹性轴对称动力失稳有限元特征值分析

本文运用有限元特征值分析方法对应力波作用下圆柱壳弹性轴对称动力失稳问题进行了研究。基于应力波理论和相邻平衡准则导出了圆柱壳轴对称动力失稳时的有限元特征方程,在此方程中考虑了应力波效应及横向惯性效应,把圆柱壳弹性动力失稳问题归结为特征值问题。通过引入圆柱壳动力失稳时的波前约束条件实现了此类问题的有限元特征值解法。计算结果揭示了圆柱壳弹性轴对称动力屈曲变形发展的机理,以及轴向应力波和屈曲变形的相互作用规律。     

轴向冲击载荷下圆柱壳的弹塑性屈曲分析

研究时变轴向冲击载荷作用下的圆柱壳弹塑性动力屈曲问题。本构关系采用增量理论 ,借助增量数值计算方法对Karman Donnell运动方程进行求解。计算表明 :基于B R准则的屈曲判断方法和采用Southwell方法可以获得一致的临界屈曲载荷 ;分别讨论了应力波对屈曲的影响以及材料参数、几何参数、载荷峰值与持续时间和动力屈曲的关系。     

板壳结构弹塑性稳定性的有限元分析

构造了20参数圆柱壳拟协调单元,同时采用分层模型的弹塑性稳定性分析.根据塑性屈曲的Stowell形变理论,用基于切线刚度矩阵的增量法和修正的Newton-Raphson方法,计算屈曲前的弹塑性内力分布,并用逆幂迭代法求解弹塑性屈曲荷载.     

一种基于直接计算高阶奇异积分的断裂力学双边界积分方程分析法

相对于有限元法,边界单元法在求解断裂问题上有着独特的优势,现有的边界单元法中主要有子区域法和双边界积分方程法.采用一种改进的双边界积分方程法求解二维、三维断裂问题的应力强度因子,对非裂纹边界采用传统的位移边界积分方程,只需对裂纹面中的一面采用面力边界积分方程,并以裂纹间断位移为未知量直接用于计算应力强度因子.采用一种高阶奇异积分的直接法计算面力边界积分方程中的超强奇异积分;对于裂纹尖端单元,提供了三种不同形式的间断位移插值函数,采用两点公式计算应力强度因子.给出了多个具体的算例,与现存的精确解或参考解对比,可得到高精度的计算结果.      

汶川地震诱发文家沟巨型滑坡 碎屑流基本特征及成因机制初步分析

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2008年5月12日,汶川M80地震在四川省绵竹市清平乡文家沟内诱发一巨型滑坡。通过现场调查得知,滑坡前后缘高差455m,厚度20～30m,滑面为基岩层面,初始方量2750×107m3。滑体在运动中转化为碎屑流。滑坡-碎屑流总的水平运动距离为4022m,垂直运动距离为1443m,遗留的堆积物体积达5×107m3。滑坡距映秀—北川断裂仅36km,位于其下盘,地震烈度达XI度。滑坡导致文家沟中48人遇害,并形成一条完整的地震次生地质灾害链。初步分析表明滑坡启动速度快,滑坡向碎屑流转化过程明显、地点明确。碎屑流运动过程复杂,伴有强烈的“气垫效应”和“前缘气浪冲击效应”。作者认为,文家沟滑坡的高启动速度是长持时强烈地震动作用的结果,与山体的猛烈碰撞是导致滑体解体并转化为碎屑流的原因。     

Preface: Orbits around asteroid

One of the core issues in modern celestial mechanics is the orbital dynamics in the near-regime gravitational field of as- teroids, which provides deep insights into the mathematical nature of a class of nonlinear systems, and plays as a critical basis for in situ explorations of different science goals. Lots of efforts have been made to reveal the characteristics of orbital motion in the vicinity of asteroids, and to improve the skills of asteroid research in methodology.     

Effet de l'anisotropie élastique cristalline sur la distribution des facteurs de Schmid à la surface des polycristauxInfluence of crystalline elasticity anisotropy on Schmid factor distribution at the free surface of polycrystals

Experimental studies of the plasticity mechanisms of polycrystals are usually based on the Schmid factor distribution supposing crystalline elasticity isotropy. A numerical evaluation of the effect of crystalline elasticity anisotropy on the apparent Schmid factor distribution at the free surface of polycrystals is presented. Cubic elasticity is considered. Order II stresses (averaged on all grains with the same crystallographic orientation) as well as variations between averages computed on grains with the same crystallographic orientation but with different neighbour grains are computed. The Finite Element Method is used. Commonly studied metals presenting an increasing anisotropy degree are considered (aluminium, nickel, austenite, copper). Concerning order II stresses in strongly anisotropic metals, the apparent Schmid factor distribution is drifted towards small Schmid factor values (the maximum Schmid factor is equal to 0.43 instead of 0.5) and the slip activation order between characteristic orientations of the crystallographic standard triangle is modified. The computed square deviations of the stresses averaged on grains with the same crystallographic orientation but with different neighbour grains are a bit higher than the second order ones (inter-orientation scatter). Our numerical evaluations agree quantitatively with several observations and measures of the literature concerning stress and strain distribution in copper and austenite polycrystals submitted to low amplitude loadings. Hopefully, the given apparent Schmid factor distributions could help to better understand the observations of the plasticity mechanisms taking place at the free surface of polycrystals. To cite this article: M. Sauzay, C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006).     

Nonlinear behavior of matrix-inclusion composites under high confining pressure: application to concrete and mortar

This paper is devoted to a micromechanics-based simulation of the response of concrete to hydrostatic and oedometric compressions. Concrete is described as a composite made up of a cement matrix in which rigid inclusions are embedded. The focus is put on the role of the interface between matrix and inclusion which represent the interfacial transition zone (ITZ). A plastic behavior is considered for both the matrix and the interfaces. The effective response of the composite is derived from the modified secant method adapted to the situation of imperfect interfaces. To cite this article: T.H. Le et al., C. R. Mecanique 336 (2008).     

Dynamics and Breakup of Viscoelastic Liquids (A Review)

The phenomena of hydrodynamic breakup of liquid jets, drops, films, bridges, and filaments are reviewed for liquids with viscoelastic properties. The reasons for breakup are capillary instabilities, collisions with rigid obstacles, and other forms of dynamic action. The relationship between the properties of the liquids and the features of the breakup process is discussed.     

Flow stability analysis and excitation using pulsating jets

Classical flow stability applied to transition from laminar to turbulent flow may also describe the behavior of vorticity fluctuations created by a pulsating jet placed along a solid boundary. A numerical laminar flow experiment involving a pulsating jet placed along the surface of a duct with flow separation downstream, resulted in eliminating most part of the separated flow region. Applying the same approach to a turbulent flow, it was possible to develop a turbulent stability flow formulation and apply successfully turbulent pulsating jet flow separation control. To cite this article: D. Skamnakis, K. Papailiou, C. R. Mecanique 333 (2005).