缓凝砂浆在单螺杆挤出机中的流动分析

在预应力钢筋上连续包裹一层缓凝砂浆是新型缓粘结预应力混凝土体系得以工程应用的关键。为了弄清包覆过程,了解物料性能、加工条件和螺杆参数等输入变量对包覆输出结果的影响,基于缓凝预应力筋包覆试验,运用Polyflow软件,对宾汉姆体的缓凝砂浆在螺旋槽内流动和变形情况进行CFD(computational fluid dynamics)模拟。得到了可视化的速度场和剪切速率场,模拟了分析螺杆转速、螺杆几何参数对物料流变特性的影响。模拟结果可视,且直观地验证了包覆试验现象,揭示了包覆机理,为包覆装置可靠作业和结构优化提供了理论依据。     

螺旋压榨机的受力分析及平衡问题

 对螺旋压榨机的受力分析问题进行了详细的讨论；用平衡方程、虚位移原理和类比的方法推 导出螺杆旋进与旋出时驱动力偶矩与压力的关系及自锁条件；并将有关结论推广到其它螺旋 机构.     

连续油管井下力学行为模拟实验研究

连续油管作业系统在井下受力复杂,借助相关实验研究可为连续油管实际入井深度、连续油管屈曲、锁死及解除锁死等问题提供解决思路. 根据相关理论计算结果确定了合适的实验系统几何参数. 设计了实验台架,进行了不同规格模拟连续油管和不同弯曲段长度实验. 分析了屈曲、螺旋屈曲锁死、首端屈服等实验现象,提出了螺旋屈曲锁死的条件. 实验结果与理论计算结果吻合较好. 该实验为连续油管井下力学行为分析提供了依据.     

土压平衡盾构螺旋输送机渣土运移及参数影响

为了更切实际的研究土压平衡盾构中螺旋输送机在稳定开挖面、排渣等方面的作用，在已有螺旋输送机渣土输送理论模型的基础上，考虑了螺旋输送机实际倾角及内部渣土体的重力，以及螺旋输送机中土体螺旋输送的实际工况，建立理论力学模型。通过土压平衡原理推导出螺旋输送机的土流量及土压梯度公式，并分析了它们与各参数之间的变化规律。除了考虑基本的机械参数和渣土性质参数外，还分析了不同性质土体对出渣效率的影响以及土流角对土流量和土压梯度的影响规律：土流量增长速率随着土流角增加呈先减小后增大的非线性趋势；土压梯度随着土流角增加呈三角函数式增长。为实际工程中合理设计、选型、评价土压平衡盾构螺旋输送机提供一定的理论基础和工程借鉴。     

管材包裹混凝土柱轴压细观力学数值模拟

将不同模量管材包裹下的轴压混凝土圆柱构件内部混凝土看作由骨料、砂浆骨料过渡层、砂浆组成的三相复合材料,利用骨料随机投放程序确定骨料在试件中的随机位置,并考虑各相材料的弹塑性性质,建立了构件的三维非线性细观分析模型.通过对不同模量管材(PE,HDPE,PVC,钢)包裹下的轴压混凝土圆柱的内部细现力学性能进行分析,探讨不同材料外包下轴压混凝上柱破坏的开展与其内部各种材料(如骨料、过渡层、砂浆等)及外部包裹材料的细观受力状况的关系.     

离心惯性力效应对超临界二氧化碳干气密封流场与密封特性影响分析

为揭示离心惯性力效应对S-CO₂干气密封流场与密封特性的影响规律，以螺旋槽干气密封为研究对象，引用考虑离心惯性力效应的Reynolds方程，在考虑气膜真实气体效应、黏度随压力与温度双重变化的同时，基于N-S方程与能量守恒定律，建立了绝热状态下考虑离心惯性力效应作用的能量控制方程. 然后，采用有限差分法对压力控制方程与能量控制方程进行耦合求解，并对考虑离心惯性力效应与没有考虑离心惯性力效应下的压力分布、温度分布以及密封特性进行了分析讨论. 研究表明:离心惯性力效应具有削弱流场内压力与温度的作用；从避免凝结流动角度考虑，离心惯性力效应引起的温降将不利于S-CO₂干气密封；考虑离心惯性力效应作用时，气膜开启力在不同槽深与转速下存在最佳工况点，泄漏率随着转速的增加显著减小，而离心惯性力效应与膜厚之间没有强交互作用；考虑离心惯性力效应作用的气膜开启力、泄漏率、出口温度均比不考虑离心惯性力效应作用的小，且这种差异随着转速的增大而增加，而随着膜厚的变化没有改变. 这些结果为进一步研究S-CO₂干气密封奠定了一定的理论基础.      

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依据膏体推进剂火箭发动机设计和膏体推进剂管道流动实验需求,提出了一种新型膏体推进 剂供给系统方案. 该方案以变频电机作为驱动力,螺杆/螺母、减速器等作为传动部件,可以 满足实验中对流量精确控制的要求. 利用该供给平台进行了膏体推进剂替代物-丁羟(端羟 基聚丁二烯)的管道流动实验,测得了压力与流量的关系曲线. 以非牛顿流体流动理论为基 础,分析了丁羟管道流动实验结果,得出的黏度数据与文献吻合,初步验证了该供给方案的 可行性以及原理性平台各项参数的正确性.     

岩爆的压缩流体包裹体膨胀力源假说

岩爆是地下工程中的一种奇异力学破坏现象. 开挖后的围岩块石突然、猛烈地向开挖空间弹射、抛掷和喷出. 它具局部性、突发性、隐蔽性、滞后性、无前兆性、高初速度和高冲击动能. 岩爆常常导致深部岩石工程重大人员伤亡和经济损失. 虽然人们对岩爆做了大量研究, 岩爆的成因机理依然是公认的"国际岩石力学领域的世界性难题". 本文指出、分析、论证了造成这个"世界性难题" 的原因是, 国际岩石力学领域忽略了连续完整岩石中微小流体包裹体的存在和异常作用. 本文进一步提出、分析和论证了封闭在完整岩石中的微细流体包裹体可能处于被压缩状态, 能够拥有高压强, 能够造成完整岩石内部的局部异常高地应力场. 岩石开挖可导致封闭在岩石内部的众多微细高压缩流体包裹体重新随时间而渗流、移动和相变, 再造成局部完整脆性围岩的岩爆. 对岩石流体包裹体的力学研究能让我们破解世界性岩爆难题.     

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将不同模量管材包裹下的轴压混凝土圆柱构件内部混凝土看作由骨料、砂浆骨料过渡层、砂浆组成的三相复合材料,利用骨料随机投放程序确定骨料在试件中的随机位置,并考虑各相材料的弹塑性性质,建立了构件的三维非线性细观分析模型。通过对不同模量管材(PE、HDPE、PVC、钢)包裹下的轴压混凝土圆柱的内部细观力学性能进行分析,探讨不同材料外包下轴压混凝土柱破坏的开展与其内部各种材料（如骨料、过渡层、砂浆等）及外部包裹材料的细观受力状况的关系。     

管内固-液两相流动阻力特性影响因素的敏感性分析

在浆体管道的工程设计中，管道阻力损失是一项关键参数。在大量实验的基础上，本文根据取得的有关实验成果，对影响管内固-液两相流动阻力的4个最主要因素-管径D、颗粒比重S、浆体浓度Cv和倾角θ进行了深入探讨，并采用多因素分析法比较了它们对于固体物料管道水力输送阻力输送阻力损失的影响程度大小关系，从而为在工程设计降低管道输送阻力提供了主要调整手段。     

Application of a screw conveyor with axial tilt blades on a shearer drum and investigation of conveying performance based on DEM

Screw conveyors are widely employed in industrial fields for conveying bulk materials. The shearer drum which uses the screw conveying principle is responsible for excavation and conveying coal particles onto the chain conveyor. Screw conveyor performance is affected by potential factors, such as the blade axial tilt angle and style, core shaft form and diameter. The effect of blade axial tilt angle on the conveying performance was investigated with the help of DEM. In the case of the screw conveyor, the mass flow rate, and particle axial velocity increased with increasing positive axial tilt angle, and declined with increasing negative axial tilt angle. In the case of the drum, the mass flow rate, particle axial velocity, and loading rate first increased and then decreased with increasing positive axial tilt angle, and decreased with increasing negative axial tilt angle. These results can be considered as a benchmark for screw conveyor and drum structural designs with axial tilt screw blades.     

Numerical Flow Simulation for Bingham Plastics in a Single-Screw Extruder

Numerical simulations have been performed concerning the operation of a single-screw extruder, pumping a Bingham plastic under isothermal, developed flow conditions. Under the assumption of sufficiently low Reynolds numbers, inertia effects are neglected. The singular rheological behavior of the Bingham plastic is considered as the limiting case within a class of generalized Newtonian liquids with smooth constitutive equations. The validation of this regularization process is shown for a related flow problem where the Bingham solution is known analytically. A mixed finite-element method is applied to the flow in the screw-extruder to reduce the equations of motion, the continuity equation, and the regularized constitutive equation to a set of nonlinear algebraic equations, which are solved using a Newton method. In particular, the pumping characteristics of a given screw geometry are extracted from the finite-element calculations, i.e., the dependence of the volumetric flow rate and of the power requirement on the axial pressure drop, on the screw speed, and on the rheological parameters. Calculated flow fields clearly show the size and position of regions in the extruder channel where the Bingham plastic behaves like a solid. Received: 12 December 1995 and accepted 12 November 1996     

Application of a screw conveyor with axial tilt blades on a shearer drum and investigation of conveying performance based on DEM

Screw conveyors are widely employed in industrial fields for conveying bulk materials.The shearer drum which uses the screw conveying principle is responsible f...     

基于扰动波的HVAS液滴耦合振动特性分析

高速电弧喷涂过程中熔融金属液滴的振动特性对喷涂涂层性能具有决定性作用,但限于实验技术很难检测液滴的动力学行为,因而利用扰动波理论建立了气流和液滴的耦合振动方程组,并数值求解获得了喷涂气流最不稳定波数,与Bradley的数据曲线进行了比较,二者呈现出较好的吻合性,误差在士2％之间,验证了所建立的HVAS小扰动液滴模型是有效的;根据HVAS液滴耦合振动模型分析了不同喷涂气流及其速度对不同熔融金属的相应HVAS液滴振动特性。结果表明,HVAS过程中用N2具有一定的优势,且增加气流速度有利于提高喷涂涂层的结合强度,从而为HVAS过程中的材料选择与工艺控制提供了基本的理论依据。     

GPU-enhanced DEM analysis of flow behaviour of irregularly shaped particles in a full-scale twin screw granulator

During twin screw granulation (TSG), small particles, which generally have irregular shapes, agglomerate together to form larger granules with improved properties. However, how particle shape impacts the conveying characteristics during TSG is not explored nor well understood. In this study, a graphic processor units (GPUs) enhanced discrete element method (DEM) is adopted to examine the effect of particle shape on the conveying characteristics in a full scale twin screw granulator for the first time. It is found that TSG with spherical particles has the smallest particle retention number, mean residence time, and power consumption; while for TSG with hexagonal prism (Hexp) shaped particles the largest particle retention number is obtained, and TSG with cubic particles requires the highest power consumption. Furthermore, spherical particles exhibit a flow pattern closer to an ideal plug flow, while cubic particles present a flow pattern approaching a perfect mixing. It is demonstrated that the GPU-enhanced DEM is capable of simulating the complex TSG process in a full-scale twin screw granulator with non-spherical particles.     

DEM investigation on conveying of non-spherical particles in a screw conveyor

Screw conveyors are extensively used in modern industry such as metallurgy, architecture and pharmaceutical due to their high-efficiency in the transportation of granular materials. And substantial efforts have been devoted to the study of the screw conveyors. Numerical method is an effective way to study screw conveyor. However, previous studies have mainly focused in the regime of spherical particles while the in-depth investigations for non-spherical particles that should be the most encountered in practical applications are still limited. In view of the above situations, discrete element method (DEM), which has been widely accepted in simulating the discrete systems, is utilized to investigate the conveying process of non-spherical particles in a horizontal screw conveyor, with particles being modeled by super-ellipsoids. In addition, a wear model called SIEM (Shear Impact Energy Model) is incorporated into DEM to predict the wear of screw conveyor. The DEM simulation results demonstrate that the particle shape is influential for the flow behaviors of particles and the wear of conveyor. The conveying performance evaluated quantitatively of both mass flow rate and power consumption is subsequently obtained to investigate the effect of sphericity of particle with different operation parameters. Moreover, particle collision frequency and collision energy consumption are acquired to investigate the possible particle breakage between particles and screw blade. The comparisons between particle–particle collision and particle–wall collision reveal that particles with large shape index have more possibility to be damaged in particle–wall impingement.     

Flow development in compression of a finite amount of a Bingham plastic

The flow and shape evolution during the compression of a finite amount of a Bingham plastic is investigated by means of numerical simulations. The problem relates to the popular compression test used for the rheological characterization of non-Newtonian fluids. The flow is modelled in Lagrangian coordinates using the Papanastasiou regularization for the Bingham plastic and a mixed-Galerkin finite element method. Simulations have been performed for compression under both constant load and constant velocity. Results for various Reynolds and Bingham numbers are presented and discussed.     

耐磨环氧胶粘涂层冲蚀磨损特性的研究

本文对气固冲蚀和浆体冲蚀条件下耐磨环氧胶粘涂层的磨损特性进行了研究。结果表明,这种涂层的冲蚀磨损是由粘结剂的磨损和抗磨填料的磨损所组成;填料粒度和磨料粒度都对涂层的气固冲蚀磨损有影响,但在给定的试验条件下,填料粒度对涂层的浆体冲蚀磨损影响甚微。文章指出,耐磨环氧胶粘涂层在气固冲蚀和浆体冲蚀下的磨损机理相似,但磨损规律却有所不同;耐磨环氧胶粘涂层尤其适用于浆体冲蚀的场合,可以明显地提高机械过流部件的使用寿命。     

On the spin coating of viscoplastic fluids

The spin coating of a viscoplastic material is studied using a continuous viscosity function. Thus, the transient model requires the calculation of only velocity, pressure and the moving-free surface of the liquid film, but not the calculation of the yield surface within the liquid. A Finite Element/Newton-Raphson method is presented for solving this moving boundary problem after mapping the deforming domain onto a fixed one. Assuming axial symmetry, the effect of the Bingham, Reynolds, Capillary and gravitational Bond numbers is examined. The magnitude of the first two parameters affects significantly the flow field and the shape of the film as well as the required spinning time in order to produce a film of uniform thickness. Depending on their values, large departures from the corresponding Newtonian solution may be obtained. In these cases the film does not thin out uniformly, but a maximum in its profile is created at the center of the disk. Then, the magnitude of the Capillary number also affects the size of this maximum. The gravitational Bond number affects the film thickness and its profile to a lesser extent.Dedicated to the memory of Professor Tasos C. Papanastasiou     

点群10mm十次对称二维准晶中的两类接触问题

采用复变函数法探讨了在一个刚性压头作用下十次对称二维准晶材料的两类接触问题,即具有有限摩擦的接触问题以及粘结接触问题.特别地对于平底压头,获得了表征声子场和相位子场的全纯函数的显式表达式,以及在压头上的接触应力分布.结果显示,对于具有有限摩擦的接触问题,接触应力在接触区边缘具有实指数奇异性-1／2±β,其中β由准晶体的材料常数及静摩擦系数确定;而对于粘结接触问题,接触应力在接触区边缘具有振荡型奇异性-1／2±iε,其中ε由准晶体的材料常数确定.