UNILATERAL CONTACT PROBLEMS USING QUASI-ACTIVE SET STRATEGY

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｒｅａｒｅｏｆｔｅｎｓｏｍｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓｏｒｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓｗｈｉｃｈｃａｎｏｎｌｙｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｏｎｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｆｏｒｍｏｆｓｔｒｅｓｓ,ｓｕｃｈａｓｔｈｅｃａｂｌｅｗｈｉｃｈｃａｎｏｎｌｙｂｅｕｓｅｄｔｏｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｔｈｅｔｅｎｓｉｏｎｓｔｒｅｓｓａｎｄｔｈｅｃｏｎｔａｃｔｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｗｈｉｃｈｃａｎｏｎｌｙｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｔｈｅｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ.Ｉｎｇｅｎｅｒａｌ,ｓｕｃｈｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓａｒｅｏｆｔｅｎｃａｌｌｅｄｔｈｅｕｎｉｌａｔ…     

COMPUTATION OF SUPERSONIC TURBULENT FLOWFIELD WITH TRANSVERSE INJECTION

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｍｉｘｉｎｇｆｌｏｗｆｉｅｌｄｒｅｓｕｌｔｉｎｇｆｒｏｍａｓｏｎｉｃｇａｓｅｏｕｓｉｎｊｅｃｔｉｏｎｉｎｊｅｃｔｅｄｔｒａｎｓｖｅｒｓｅｌｙｉｎｔｏａｓｕｐｅｒｓｏｎｉｃｆｒｅｅｓｔｒｅａｍｉｓｅｎｃｏｕｎｔｅｒｅｄｉｎｍａｎｙｆｉｅｌｄｓｓｕｃｈａｓｒｏｃｋｅｔｍｏｔｏｒｔｈｒｕｓｔｖｅｃｔｏｒｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ,ｓｕｐｅｒｓｏｎｉｃｃｏｍｂｕｓｔｉｏｎ ,ｈｉｇｈ＿ｓｐｅｅｄｆｌｉｇｈｔｖｅｈｉｃｌｅｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｊｅｔｓ,ａｎｄｇａｓ＿ｔ…     

ELECTROELASTIC FIELD FOR AN IMPERMEABLE ANTI-PLANE SHEAR CRACK IN A PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS PLATE

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＤｕｅｔｏｔｈｅｉｎｔｒｉｎｓｉｃｃｏｕｐｌｉｎｇｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃａｎｄｅｌａｓｔｉｃｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒｓ,ｔｈａｔｉｓ,ａｐｐｌｉｅｄｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌｌｏａｄｉｎｇｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｓｅｌａｓｔｉｃｄｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ ,ａｓｗｅｌｌａｓｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｆｉｅｌｄ ,ａｎｄｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｅｌｙｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｆｉｅｌｄｃａｎｇｉｖｅｒｉｓｅｔｏｅｌａｓｔｉｃｄｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ ,ｐｉｅｚｏｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓｈａｖｅ…     

ON THE ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR OF HOPFIELD NEURAL NETWORK WITH PERIODIC INPUTS

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＳｉｎｃｅｔｈｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｓｕｐｅｒｉｏｒｉｔｙｏｆａｒｔｉｆｉｃｉａｌｎｅｕｒａｌｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｓｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙｉｎｖａｒｉｏｕｓｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓｆｉｅｌｄｓ,ｓｕｃｈａｓｏｐｔｉｍｉｚａｔｉｏｎ ,ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｖｅｍｅｍｏｒｉｅｓ,ｐａｔｔｅｒｎｒｅｃｏｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ ,ｓｉｇｎａｌｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇａｎｄａｕｔｏｍａｔｉｃｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ,ｔｈｅｒｅｈａｓｂｅｅｎｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｉｎｔｈｅｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉ…     

A FORM INVARIANCE OF CONSTRAINED BIRKHOFFIAN SYSTEM

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｆｔｈｅｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓｏｆＢｉｒｋｈｏｆｆｉａｎｓｙｓｔｅｍｉｓａｎａｃｔｉｖｅｂｒａｎｃｈｉｎｔｈｅｍｏｄｅｒｎｃｌａｓｓｉｃａｌｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃｓａｎｄａｍｏｄｅｒｎｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｉｎｇｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｉｎｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ ,ａｎｄｃａｎｂｅａｐｐｌｉｅｄｔｏｑｕａｎｔｕｍｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓ,ｓｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃａｌｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓ ,ｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ,ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓｏｆｓｐａｃｅｆｌｉｇｈｔａｎｄｓｏｍｅｆｉｅ…     

Computer Simulation of Non-Newtonian Flow and Mass Transport Through Coronary Arterial Stenosis

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｍｏｓｔｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｏｆａｔｈｅｒｏｓｃｌｅｒｏｓｉｓｉｓｔｈｅｌｏｃａｌｉｎｔｉｍａｌａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｏｗ＿ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙｌｉｐｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ(ＬＤＬ) ,ｔｈｅｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｆｉｂｅｒａｌｔｉｓｓｕｅａｎｄｔｈｅｓｔｅｎｏｓｉｓ.Ｏｎｏｎｅｈａｎｄ ,ｉｔｉｓｆｏｕｎｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｄｉｓｅａｓｅｏｆｔｅｎｏｃｃｕｒｓａｔｔｈｅｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｇｅｏｍｅｔｒｙｒｅｇｉｏｎ ,ｓｕｃｈａｓｂｉｆｕｒｃａｔｉｏｎｚｏｎｅ,ｃｕｒｅ…     

On the spectral equivalence of unconventional finite elements and their conventional relatives

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ,ｗｉｔｈｔｒｅｍｅｎｄｏｕｓｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｐａｒａｌｌｅｌｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒｓ,ｔｈｅｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｏｆｈｏｗｔｏｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｄｏｍａｉｎｄｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｐａｒａｌｌｅｌａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍｓｆｏｒｌｉｎｅａｒｓｙｓｔｅｍａｒｉｓｉｎｇｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｆｉｎｉｔｅｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｄｉｓｃｒｅｔｉｚａｔｉｏｎｈａｓｂｅｃｏｍｅｔｈｅｆｏｃｕｓｉｎｔｈｅｆｉｅｌｄｏｆｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃｃｏｍｐｕｔａｔｉｏｎａｌ…     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF OIL MIGRATION-ACCUMULATION OF MULTILAYER AND ITS APPLICATION

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｏｉｌｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｉｎｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｂａｓｉｎｓ ,ｉｔｓｄｉｓｐｌａｃｅｍｅｎｔ,ｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔａｎｄａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｆｉｎａｌｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｏｆｏｉｌｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｋｅｙｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓｉｎｔｈｅｅｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆｏｉｌ＿ｇａｓｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ.Ｈｏｗｈａｓｏｉｌｂｅｅｎａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｌｏｏｐａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓｏｆｉｍｍｉｓｃ…     

New studying of Lattice Boltzmann method for two-phase driven in porous media

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｔｗｏ＿ｐｈａｓｅｄｒｉｖｅｎｉｎｐｏｒｏｕｓｍｅｄｉａｉｓａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｏｆｗｉｄｅｉｎｔｅｒｄｉｓｃｉｐｌｉｎａｒｙｃｏｎｃｅｒｎ ,ｓｕｃｈａｓｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ ,ｓｕｂｔｅｒｒａｎｅａｎ ,ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｅｔｃ..Ｉｔ’ｓｖｅｒｙｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｉｆｗｅａｄｏｐｔｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｉｎｔｅｇｒａｌｍｅｔｈｏｄｆｏｒｔｈｅｃａｓｅｏｆｍｕｌｔｉｐｈａｓｅａｎｄｍｕｌｔｉｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ ,ｔｈｅｃｒｕｘｏｆ…     

On the Bending, Vibration and Stability of Laminated Rectangular Plates with Transversely Isotropic Layers

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｓｔａｔｉｃｓａｎｄｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓｏｆｒｅｃｔａｎｇｕｌａｒｐｌａｔｅｓｈａｖｅａｌｗａｙｓｂｅｅｎｏｆｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｉｎｓｏｌｉｄｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓ.Ｉｎｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒ,ｔｈｅｅｍｅｒｇｅｎｃｅｏｆｎｅｗｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓａｎｄｎｅｗｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓｈａｓｂｒｏｕｇｈｔｏｕｔｅｎｄｌｅｓｓｖｉｔａｌｆｏｒｃｅｉｎｔｏｔｈｅｓｔｕｄｙ .Ｉｔｉｓｗｅｌｌ＿ｋｎｏｗｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅｃｌａｓｓｉｃａｌｐｌａｔｅｔｈｅｏｒｙｂ…     

TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF NICKEL-BASED SINGLE CRYSTALLINE SUPERALLOY

The low-cycle fatigue （LCF） behavior of a nickel-based single crystal superalloy with [001] orientation was studied at an intermediate temperature of T0℃ and a higher temperature of To ＋ 250℃ under a constant low strain rate of 10^-3 s^-1 in ambient atmosphere. The superalloy exhibited cyclic tension-compression asymmetry which is dependent on the temperature and applied strain amplitude. Analysis on the fracture surfaces showed that the surface and subsurface casting micropores were the major crack initiation sites. Interior Ta-rich carbides were frequently observed in all specimens. Two distinct types of fracture were suggested by fractogaphy. One type was characterized by Mode-I cracking with a microscopically rough surface at To ＋ 250℃. Whereas the other type at lower temperature T0℃ favored either one or several of the octahedral {111} planes, in contrast to the normal Mode-I growth mode typically observed at low loading frequencies （several Hz）. The failure mechanisms for two cracking modes are shearing of γ＇ precipitates together with the matrix at T0℃ and cracking confined in the matrix and the γ/γ＇interface at To - 250℃.     

晶粒的取向和变形性质对双晶体循环变形影响的模拟研究

应用晶体细观力学方法，分析了双晶体循环变形过程中组元晶粒取向及其变形性质（Ｂａｕｓｃｈｉｎｇｅｒ效应和循环硬化）的影响，发现双晶体的反向屈服及循环硬化行为为主要由组元晶粒性质支配，晶间内应力的影响是次要的，晶粒取向对宏微观应力应变行为有重要的影响，取向对称性较弱或罗硬差别较大的双晶体晶界影响较大。     

Transient elongational viscosities of aqueous polyacrylamide solutions measured with an optical rheometer

An anionic polyacrylamide solution was characterized in elongational flow by combining laser-Doppler velocimetry to determine the strain rate in the flow direction and the two-color flow-induced birefringence method to measure the first normal stress difference along the axial centerline of a hyperbolic die. The elongational rate was constant along the axial centerline of the planar hyperbolic die as long as vortices at the die entrance did not occur. The transient elongational viscosity μ ⁺ was determined as a function of the elongational rate. The parameters varied are the Hencky strain rate and the polymer concentration. μ ⁺ showed a pronounced increase over the linear viscoelastic behavior above critical Hencky strains of 1.2 to 1.5; that is, a significant strain hardening could be observed for polyacrylamide solutions. This strain hardening is stronger the higher the elongational rate. A slight enhancement of strain hardening was found by increasing the concentration from 0.5 to 1 g/l. The stress optical coefficient was determined as 1.8 × 10⁻⁷ Pa⁻¹ (0.5 g/l) and 1.2 × 10⁻⁷ Pa⁻¹ (1 g/l).

On perfectly stress field at a mixed-mode crack tip under plane and anti-plane strain

In [1], under the condition that all the perfectly plastic stress components at a crack tip are functions of ϕ only, making use of equilibrium equations, stress-strain rate relations, compatibility equations and yield condition. Lin derived the general analytical expressions of the perfectly plastic stress field at a mixed-mode crack tip under plane and anti-plane strain. But in [1] there were several restrictions on the proportionality factor γ in the stress-strain rate relations, such as supposing that γ is independent of ϕ and supposing that γ=c or cr⁻¹. In this paper, we abolish these restrictions. The cases in [1], γ=cr^d (n=0 or-1) are the special cases of this paper.     

Torsional split Hopkinson bar tests at strain rates above 104s−1

The torsional split Hopkinson bar is used for testing materials at strain rates above 10⁴s⁻¹. This strain rate, which is an order of magnitude higher than is typical with this technique, is obtained by using very short specimens. Strain rates of 6.4×10⁴s⁻¹ have been achieved with specimens having a gage length of 0.1524 mm. Results from tests on 1100 aluminum show an increase in rate sensitivity as the strain rate increases.     

Measurements and model predictions of transient elongational rheology of polymeric nanocomposites

Transient elongational rheology of two commercial-grade polypropylene (PP) and the organoclay thermoplastic nanocomposites is investigated. A specifically designed fixture consisting of two drums (SER Universal Testing Platform) mounted on a TA Instruments ARES rotational rheometer was used to measure the transient uniaxial extensional viscosity of both polypropylene and nanoclay/PP melts. The Hencky strain rate was varied from 0.001 to 2 s^− 1, and the temperature was fixed at 180°C. The measurements show that the steady-state elongational viscosity was reached at the measured Hencky strains for the polymer and for the nanocomposites. The addition of nanoclay particles to the polymer melt was found to increase the elongation viscosity principally at low strain rates. For example, at a deformation rate of 0.3 s^− 1, the steady-state elongation viscosity for polypropylene was 1.4 × 10⁴ Pa s which was raised to 2.8 × 10⁴ and 4.5 × 10⁴ Pa s after addition of 0.5 and 1.5 vol.% nanoclay, respectively. A mesoscopic rheological model originally developed to predict the motion of ellipsoid particles in viscoelastic media was modified based on the recent developments by Eslami and Grmela (Rheol Acta 47:399–415, 2008) to take into account the polymer chain reptation. We show that the orientation states of the particles and the rheological behavior of the layered particles/thermoplastic hybrids can be quantitatively explained by the proposed model.     

Measurement of thermal expansion coefficients of composites using strain gages

The measurement of the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of composite materials using electrical resistance strain gages is addressed. Analytical expressions for the CTEs of an orthotropic lamina are derived, accounting for the effects of transverse sensitivity and possible misalignment of the gages. Experiments are performed for the characterization of the thermal expansion behavior of a fiber-glass-reinforced epoxy unidirectional lamina using an invar specimen as reference material. Preliminary training cycles are performed for the determination of an optimal heating rate for the measurements, which ensures thermal equilibrium conditions. Three measurement cycles yield the principal CTEs of the lamina α₁, α₂ and α₁₂ with repeatability within ±0.34×10⁻⁶, ±0.85×10⁻⁶ and ±2.8×10⁻⁶/°C, respectively. It is noted that inhomogeneity of the specimen and variation in thermomechanical properties of the gages can cause a noticeable spead in the measurements.     

Precursor ionization ahead of strong shock waves in argon

The mechanism of precursor ionization ahead of strong shock waves has been studied in a low density shock tube. The experimental results are illustrated with Arrhenius plots with kink points dividing them into two parts with apparent activation energy ratio 1:2, namely with the values 7.7 eV and 15.3 eV, and varying with first and third power of the density respectively. A model is proposed to interpret the facts where the process taking place in the precursor region, is a two step photo ionization accompanied with the drift flow effect of the gas relative to the shock wave or the ionization recombination effect according to whether the shock speed and initial density are low enough. The product of the A-A collision excitation cross section coefficientS ^* multiplied by the radiation cross sectionQ ^* of ArgonS ^*×Q ^*=1×10⁻³⁶ (cm⁴eV⁻¹) and the three body recombination coefficient of Argon at room temperaturek _ra =1×10⁻²⁴ (cm⁻⁶s⁻¹). The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Stress-strain relationships for spruce wood: Influence of strain rate,moisture content and loading direction

The influence of strain rate, moisture content and loading direction on the stress-strain relationships for spruce wood has been investigated. The strain rates were approximately 8×10⁻³ s⁻¹, 17s⁻¹ and 1000 s⁻¹, and the states of moisture content were those corresponding to oven dry, fiber saturated and fully saturated. Compressive loads were applied along the principal directions of the stem of the tree, i.e., radially, tangentially and axially. The low and medium strain-rate tests were performed with the aid of a servohydraulic testing machine, while the high strain-rate tests were carried out using the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) technique. Magnesium or steel bars were used in the different SHPB tests in order to reduce impedance mismatch for the different directions of the wood specimens. The strain rate was found to have large influence on the behavior of the wood, especially under the condition of full saturation, where water transport in the deforming specimen is of major importance.     

Simulation of cyclic deformation of bicrystals: Effects of orientation and deformation properties of constituent grains

The cyclic deformation of aluminium bicrystals was numerically simulated by using a crystalline micromechanical approach to study the effects of crystallographic orientation and deformation properties of constituent grains. Both the macro-and micro-stress-strain responses were analyzed. It was shown that the whole Bauschinger effect and cyclic hardening behavior of bicrystals is primarily controlled by the corresponding properties of the constituent grains, and that the effects of internal stresses induced by the grain boundary and the interaction between grains are secondary. The crystallographic orientation of constituent grains was also shown to have significant influence on the macro-and micro-mechanical behavior of the bicrystals. There were smaller symmetry in the orientation or greater difference in the strength between grains and more remarkable GB effects.