复合结构剪切板的屈曲与后屈曲研究

基于Ｒｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ剪切板理论，本文将现有理论模型推进了一步，导出了控制复合材料和构造矩形板平衡的广义Ｋａｒｍａｎ大挠度方程。此外，运用摄动技术，构造了一个单向压缩简支剪切矩形板的后屈曲渐近解，适用于面板和夹心材料都具正交各向异性的夹层板以及计及横向剪切变形对称铺设的层合板。文中给出了典型算例，并将当前结果与其它理论或数值解作了比较，显示出相当好的一致性。     

具有叉指式电极的1-3型压电复合材料层合板力电耦合行为的三维精确分析

基于三维弹性理论和压电理论,导出了含有1-3型压电复合材料层的有限长矩形层合简支板的静力平衡方程和边界条件,给出了该层合板在叉指式电极和外力共同作用下力电耦合特性的三维精确解.数值算例的计算结果与有限元解进行了对比,取得了很好的一致性.研究了压电矩阵各向异性和刚度矩阵各向异性以及电势等因素对其挠曲面扭率最大值的影响.数值结果表明层合板扭率最大值的绝对值随压电矩阵各向异性系数Rd的增大而增大并随刚度矩阵各向异性系数Rc的减小而增加.     

带剪切型压电激励器的板的高阶剪切变形理论

利用压电材料固有的正，逆压电效应可以对结构变形和振动进行控制。与外加电场与极化方向平行于板厚度的压电材料的拉伸作动机制相比，外加电场与极化方向垂直的压电材料的剪切作动机制可以在作动器内产生较小的应力，从而降低作动器边界产生分层破坏的危险。本文对于压电材料的剪切作动机制进行研究，应用三阶剪切变形理论建立带剪切型压电激励器的智能层合板模型。采用哈密顿原理导出带剪切型压电激励器的层合板的控制方程。采用空间法得到了各种边界条件组合条件下板的解析解。数值算例对一三层板采用高阶和一阶剪切变形理论进行计算，结果表明两种理论所得的变形曲线很相似。但对于厚度剪切型激励器而言，由于激励器是引起板的剪切变形，而高阶剪切变形理论比一阶剪切变形理论能更好地反映结构的剪切应变能，因此高阶剪切变形理论可以提供板变形的更为精确的解。因此，对于厚度剪切型激励器，剪切变形理论的选取对于板变形结果的好坏有重要的作用。     

用高阶位移模式分析复合材料层合板的自由振动

建立一种新的高阶位移模式：分层假设复合材料层合板的位移场，利用各层间应力及位移的连续性条件，导出了作为整体的层合板控制微分方程。最后，采用这一高阶剪切理论来分析复合材料矩形层合板的自由振动。数值计算采用有限差分法，并编制了计算程序，计算得出了六种不同边界条件、不同铺层、不同宽厚比工况下的矩形层合板的自振频率。同经典理论解进行比较，可以看出本文方法简便易行，且精度较高，可以在微机上实用。     

考虑剪切变形的各向同性,正交各向异性矩形板的屈曲和后屈曲

本文讨论考虑横向剪切变形的各向同性、正交各向异性矩形板的屈曲和后屈曲性态。应用Reissner理论,采用文[1]提供的摄动方法,给出了完善和非完善各向同性、正交各向异性矩形板的后屈曲平衡路径,并与薄板理论结果作了比较。     

复合材料板的几何非线性行为综述

本文概述了利用分析方法了解弹性层合板静态大挠度,后屈曲和非线性动态响应方面的进展.在对称层合板情况下不存在弯曲-拉伸耦合.应用了正交异性板或各向异性板的经典非线性理论,还提供了有关这些板的参考文献.简要评述了许多类型边界条件下一般层合板的非线性剪切变形理论和一般解法.在本综述中讨论的使复合材料板几何非线性行为复杂化的一些影响因素是:横向剪应力和正应力,转动惯量和面内惯量,面内初始边界力,几何缺陷,切口,以及非经典边界条件.      

复合材料板的几何非线性行为综述

本文概述了利用分析方法了解弹性层合板静态大挠度,后屈曲和非线性动态响应方面的进展.在对称层合板情况下不存在弯曲-拉伸耦合.应用了正交异性板或各向异性板的经典非线性理论,还提供了有关这些板的参考文献.简要评述了许多类型边界条件下一般层合板的非线性剪切变形理论和一般解法.在本综述中讨论的使复合材料板几何非线性行为复杂化的一些影响因素是:横向剪应力和正应力,转动惯量和面内惯量,面内初始边界力,几何缺陷,切口,以及非经典边界条件.     

复合材料层合板屈曲述评

本文简要综述了对具有平行长纤维的单层板所构成的复合材料板的屈曲的研究。这种相对于板的中面对称地叠加而成的层合板符合正交各向异性板或各向异性板的屈曲理论。非对称的层合板则需要更复杂的包括弯曲-拉伸耦合在内的理论。考虑了一些附加的复杂因素,这包括内部孔洞,剪切变形,包含其他材料的夹层结构,局部效应,非线性应力-应变关系,湿热效应和外部加劲件。还描述了后屈曲行为以及初始缺陷的影响。从大量文献(352篇)中概括的一些有代表性的结果有助于描述各种效应。      

基于新修正偶应力理论的Mindlin层合板稳定性分析

基于新的各向异性修正偶应力理论提出一个Mindlin复合材料层合板稳定性模型。该理论包含纤维和基体两个不同的材料长度尺度参数。不同于忽略横向剪切应力的修正偶应力Kirchhoff薄板理论,Mindlin层合板考虑横向剪切变形引入两个转角变量。进一步建立了只含一个材料细观参数的偶应力Mindlin层合板工程理论的稳定性模型。计算了正交铺设简支方板Mindlin层合板的临界载荷。计算结果表明该模型可以用于分析细观尺度层合板稳定性的尺寸效应。     

含脱层层合板分叉屈曲的宏微观失效机制分析

根据板壳理论并考虑层合板脱层处的接触效应影响,推导了层合板的控制方程,借助量纲归一化分析建立了该问题的八次特征方程。通过对特征方程各参数进行定性分析,建立了求解八次方程根的解析表达式,发现了层合板的宏微观变形模态。利用MATLAB软件进行算例分析,获得了在不同脱层情况下层合板的屈曲模态参数和临界屈曲荷载。研究表明:层合板的屈曲模态包含整体一致的宏观变形和界面处的微观变形。研究结果与ABAQUS的有限元解进行了对比,结果表明:理论解与有限元分析的结果非常一致。论文从理论分析的角度研究了复合材料矩形层合板的屈曲问题,从理论上剖析了分层层合板的宏微观失效模态。     

一种基于直接计算高阶奇异积分的断裂力学双边界积分方程分析法

相对于有限元法,边界单元法在求解断裂问题上有着独特的优势,现有的边界单元法中主要有子区域法和双边界积分方程法.采用一种改进的双边界积分方程法求解二维、三维断裂问题的应力强度因子,对非裂纹边界采用传统的位移边界积分方程,只需对裂纹面中的一面采用面力边界积分方程,并以裂纹间断位移为未知量直接用于计算应力强度因子.采用一种高阶奇异积分的直接法计算面力边界积分方程中的超强奇异积分;对于裂纹尖端单元,提供了三种不同形式的间断位移插值函数,采用两点公式计算应力强度因子.给出了多个具体的算例,与现存的精确解或参考解对比,可得到高精度的计算结果.      

汶川地震诱发文家沟巨型滑坡 碎屑流基本特征及成因机制初步分析

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2008年5月12日,汶川M80地震在四川省绵竹市清平乡文家沟内诱发一巨型滑坡。通过现场调查得知,滑坡前后缘高差455m,厚度20～30m,滑面为基岩层面,初始方量2750×107m3。滑体在运动中转化为碎屑流。滑坡-碎屑流总的水平运动距离为4022m,垂直运动距离为1443m,遗留的堆积物体积达5×107m3。滑坡距映秀—北川断裂仅36km,位于其下盘,地震烈度达XI度。滑坡导致文家沟中48人遇害,并形成一条完整的地震次生地质灾害链。初步分析表明滑坡启动速度快,滑坡向碎屑流转化过程明显、地点明确。碎屑流运动过程复杂,伴有强烈的“气垫效应”和“前缘气浪冲击效应”。作者认为,文家沟滑坡的高启动速度是长持时强烈地震动作用的结果,与山体的猛烈碰撞是导致滑体解体并转化为碎屑流的原因。     

Preface: Orbits around asteroid

One of the core issues in modern celestial mechanics is the orbital dynamics in the near-regime gravitational field of as- teroids, which provides deep insights into the mathematical nature of a class of nonlinear systems, and plays as a critical basis for in situ explorations of different science goals. Lots of efforts have been made to reveal the characteristics of orbital motion in the vicinity of asteroids, and to improve the skills of asteroid research in methodology.     

Effet de l'anisotropie élastique cristalline sur la distribution des facteurs de Schmid à la surface des polycristauxInfluence of crystalline elasticity anisotropy on Schmid factor distribution at the free surface of polycrystals

Experimental studies of the plasticity mechanisms of polycrystals are usually based on the Schmid factor distribution supposing crystalline elasticity isotropy. A numerical evaluation of the effect of crystalline elasticity anisotropy on the apparent Schmid factor distribution at the free surface of polycrystals is presented. Cubic elasticity is considered. Order II stresses (averaged on all grains with the same crystallographic orientation) as well as variations between averages computed on grains with the same crystallographic orientation but with different neighbour grains are computed. The Finite Element Method is used. Commonly studied metals presenting an increasing anisotropy degree are considered (aluminium, nickel, austenite, copper). Concerning order II stresses in strongly anisotropic metals, the apparent Schmid factor distribution is drifted towards small Schmid factor values (the maximum Schmid factor is equal to 0.43 instead of 0.5) and the slip activation order between characteristic orientations of the crystallographic standard triangle is modified. The computed square deviations of the stresses averaged on grains with the same crystallographic orientation but with different neighbour grains are a bit higher than the second order ones (inter-orientation scatter). Our numerical evaluations agree quantitatively with several observations and measures of the literature concerning stress and strain distribution in copper and austenite polycrystals submitted to low amplitude loadings. Hopefully, the given apparent Schmid factor distributions could help to better understand the observations of the plasticity mechanisms taking place at the free surface of polycrystals. To cite this article: M. Sauzay, C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006).     

Nonlinear behavior of matrix-inclusion composites under high confining pressure: application to concrete and mortar

This paper is devoted to a micromechanics-based simulation of the response of concrete to hydrostatic and oedometric compressions. Concrete is described as a composite made up of a cement matrix in which rigid inclusions are embedded. The focus is put on the role of the interface between matrix and inclusion which represent the interfacial transition zone (ITZ). A plastic behavior is considered for both the matrix and the interfaces. The effective response of the composite is derived from the modified secant method adapted to the situation of imperfect interfaces. To cite this article: T.H. Le et al., C. R. Mecanique 336 (2008).     

Dynamics and Breakup of Viscoelastic Liquids (A Review)

The phenomena of hydrodynamic breakup of liquid jets, drops, films, bridges, and filaments are reviewed for liquids with viscoelastic properties. The reasons for breakup are capillary instabilities, collisions with rigid obstacles, and other forms of dynamic action. The relationship between the properties of the liquids and the features of the breakup process is discussed.     

Flow stability analysis and excitation using pulsating jets

Classical flow stability applied to transition from laminar to turbulent flow may also describe the behavior of vorticity fluctuations created by a pulsating jet placed along a solid boundary. A numerical laminar flow experiment involving a pulsating jet placed along the surface of a duct with flow separation downstream, resulted in eliminating most part of the separated flow region. Applying the same approach to a turbulent flow, it was possible to develop a turbulent stability flow formulation and apply successfully turbulent pulsating jet flow separation control. To cite this article: D. Skamnakis, K. Papailiou, C. R. Mecanique 333 (2005).