开闭裂纹转子的弯扭耦合振动研究

以水平放置的Jeffcott裂纹转子为研究对象，建立了开闭裂纹转子弯扭耦合振动的非线性运动微分方程，并用数值方法分析了纯弯曲振动与弯扭耦合振动情况下转子的动力响应。结果表明：弯扭耦合振动是由转子质量的偏心和转子自重的共同作用而产生的，当质量偏心很小时可以不考虑扭转振动的影响，当偏心较大时，扭转对弯曲振动的影响主要体现在高转速部分，且由于裂纹开闭的作用，使扭转的耦合作用存在一个范围，随裂纹深度的增加，扭振影响的转速下限就会越低，但当裂纹较深、转速较快时，扭转对弯曲振动在作用范围内有明显的影响，使频谱图和轴心轨迹都发生较大的变化，且对转速的变化极为敏感，因此在故障诊断时必须对扭转的耦合作用高度重视。     

单向偏心粘弹性梁弯扭耦合振动复模态分析

对单向偏心等截面粘弹性梁,考虑偏心引起的弯扭耦合作用.将运动方程写成状态方程形式,利用复模态正交性将其解耦成为若干个广义复振子的求解和叠加问题;使用跟踪结构边界条件矩阵行列式零点的方法求得复频率和复模态,进而可以求得粘弹性偏心梁在任意初始条件和外部激励下的动力响应.通过算例,从结构复频率、复模态幅值和幅角、在不同频率简谐集中力作用下结构动力响应等方面综合分析了粘弹性阻尼和弯扭耦合的影响.计算结果表明,在粘弹性阻尼作用下,衰减系数随振型阶数而增大,振动频率随之不断减小;单纯弯曲和扭转振动的固有频率分布影响各阶复模态中弯扭耦合作用的强弱.通过与有限元法计算结果比较,验证了本文方法的合理性.     

确定性载荷作用下Timoshenko薄壁梁的弯扭耦合动力响应

建立了一种普遍的解析理论用于求解确定性载荷作用下Timoshenko薄壁梁的弯扭耦合动力响应。首先通过直接求解单对称均匀Timoshenko薄壁梁单元弯扭耦合振动的运动偏微分方程，给出了计算其自由振动的精确方法，并导出了Timoshenko弯扭耦合薄壁梁自由振动主模态的正交条件。然后利用简正模态法研究了确定性载荷作用下单对称Timoshenko薄壁梁的弯扭耦合动力响应，该弯扭耦合梁所受到的荷载可以是集中载荷或沿着梁长度分布的分布载荷。最后假定确定性载荷是谐波变化的，得到了各种激励下封闭形式的解，并对动力弯曲位移和扭转位移的数值结果进行了讨论。     

裂纹转子的弯扭耦合振动特性分析

研究了裂纹转子的弯扭耦合振动特性,分析了扭转对弯曲振动的影响,数值分析结果表明,在某些情况下扭转振动的耦合使变曲振动转子的裂纹特征消失,对转子水裂纹故障的早期预报与诊断不利,     

发电机组轴系电磁激发横,扭耦合振动实验研究

进行了发电机组轴系电磁激发横、扭耦合振动的实验，得到了当扭振满足强迫共振时电磁激发轴系横、扭耦合振动的规律，验证了文献［１］的理论结果。     

大型汽轮发电机组短路时轴系扭振动力响应计算与分析

大型汽轮发电机组在短路时的轴系扭振动力响应，对于机组的安全可靠运行甚为关键。本文以国产某２００ＭＷ机组为例，建立了轴系的连续质量计算模型，利用传递矩阵法求得其扭振固有频率及主振型，用振型查加法计算轴系在两相短路情况下的动力响应，计算中考虑了叶片叶轮系统与轴系扭振的耦合作用。本文对计算结果进行了分析，讨论了该机组的轴系扭振安全性，为机组的安全运行提供了理论依据。     

轴向受载的Euler-Bernoulli梁的双向弯曲扭转耦合振动研究

本文研究了轴向受载的Euler-Bernoulli梁的双向弯曲扭转耦合自由振动问题.选择梁横截面的剪切中心作为坐标原点,坐标轴平行于梁截面的几何轴;振动微分方程中有关梁截面几何特性的参数均采用相对于几何轴的参数.结合具体的边界条件求解自由振动微分方程组,辅以Mathematica软件计算梁振动的固有频率.针对具体的算例,给出了三种边界条件下梁弯扭耦合振动的固有频率的数值结果,并与Ansys软件的计算结果进行了比较,分析了误差来源以及轴向荷载对弯扭耦合自由振动的影响.数值结果验证了本文方法在其适用范围内的精确性和有效性.本文忽略了翘曲刚度的影响.     

轴向受载的Timoshenko薄壁梁的弯扭耦合动力响应

利用简正模态法研究各种集中载荷和分布载荷作用下单对称轴向受载的Timoshenko薄壁梁的弯扭耦合动力响应。该弯扭耦合梁所受到的载荷可以是集中载荷或沿着梁长度分布的分布载荷。目前研究中采用考虑了轴向载荷、剪切变形和转动惯量影响的Timoshenko薄壁梁理论。首先建立轴向受载的Timoshenko薄壁梁结构的普遍运动微分方程并进行其自由振动的分析。一旦得到轴向受载的Timoshenko薄壁梁的固有频率和模态形状，利用简正模态法计算薄壁梁结构的弯扭耦合动力响应。针对具体算例，提出并讨论了动力弯曲位移和扭转位移的数值结果。     

发动机叶片扭转和弯曲变形同步测量新方法

扭转和弯曲变形测量可以确定叶片弯扭变形耦合的特征,为叶片弯扭耦合分析提供可用的试验手段。本文提出了一种发动机叶片扭转和弯曲变形同步测量的新方法,其中,扭转角度测量方法能更加灵活地应用于测量叶片类形状不规则构件的扭转变形,而弯曲变形测量方法解决了叶片变形方向未知且存在弯扭耦合时的叶片变形测量问题,从而可实现对叶片截面扭转和弯曲变形的同步测量。对上述测量方法进行了专门的验证试验,结果表明:与传统方法测量结果相比,扭转角度测量偏差小于1%,挠度测量偏差小于2%,满足工程测量精度要求。     

弹性撞击作用下弯扭耦合梁的动力响应

对于质量块以一定初速度撞击悬臂梁端部问题,基于弯扭耦合Timoshenko梁模型,把质量块与悬臂梁作为一个整体振动,动力响应以Duhamel积分表示,使用模态叠加法给出动力响应与撞击力的结果.对于悬臂梁受质量块撞击的算例,分别分析了弯扭耦合梁、弯扭耦合系数很小的梁和各向同性Timoshenko梁,对比讨论了撞击力结果.     

大学物理《力学》中的自由度分析

对《力学》中的物体自由度进行多方面分析,以深化教学、提高学生正 确分析物理问题的能力.使用实际教学分析的研究方法,在《力学》范围内讨论自由度与坐标、 自由与约束的关系并得以下结论: (1) 同一物体的自由度随其所在的``空间'不同而不同, 不因坐标系的选取不同而 异, 在同类参考系中不因参考系的动静而有别;(2)自由度遵循叠加原理. 讨论了质点系的总自由度及相关计算问题,并指出研究《力学》中自由度的意义.     

Development and design of new methods of measurement of state of strain of structures

The present paper deals with development and design of new methods utilizing Wiedemann's effect for determination of state of strain in building structures. Wiedemann's effect and some features of torsional strain of magnetic field are the basis of new experimental method. Especially the point electromagnetic strain gages using the effect of pure torsion of electromagnetic field to enable universal examination. For strain-gage measurements, almost all physical quantities are used which can be related to the variation in length of the structures. From the electric strain measurements, the most commonly used methods are the measurements by resonance-wire strain gages or by electric-resistance strain gages. In this paper, electromagnetic strain gages are discussed using the Wiedemann effect, and the author describes some new measuring equipment and his own suggestions and methods based on an application of this effect.     

Calculation of aerodynamic characteristics of arrays of profiles of arbitrary shape

It is well known that the problem on nonseparating potential flow of an incompressible fluid about an array of profiles reduces to an integral equation for a certain real function, determined on the contours of the profiles of the array. As such a function one can take, as was done, for instance, in [1–5], the relative velocity of the fluid on the profiles of the array. For arrays of profiles of arbitrary shape it is necessary to solve the corresponding integral equation numerically. In the particular examples of the calculation of aerodynamic arrays that are available [1–3] the numerical methods used were based on the approximate evaluation of contour integrals by rectangle formulas. As investigations showed, sizeable errors arose thereby in the approximate solution obtained, these being especially significant in the case of curved profiles of relatively small bulk. In the present paper a method for the numerical solution of the integral equation obtained in [5] is proposed. The method is based on the replacement of a profile of the array with an inscribed N polygon, the length of whose sides is of the order N^–1 and whose internal angles are close to . Convergence with increasing N of the numerical solution to an exact solution of the integral equations at the reference points is demonstrated. Examples of the calculation are given.Novosibirsk. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR. Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 2, pp. 105–112, March–April, 1972.     

Method of constructing estimates of the solution of equations of filtration of an aerated liquid

The exact solutions of the nonlinear equations of filtration of an aerated liquid have been obtained in [1–3]. In [4] the system of equations of an aerated liquid have been reduced to the heat-conduction equation under certain assumptions. An approximate method of computing the nonsteady flow of an aerated liquid is given in [5], where the real flow pattern is replaced by a computational scheme of successive change of stationary states. In [6] the same problem is solved by the method of averaging. In the present article estimates of the solution of the equations for nonstationary filtration of an aerated liquid in one-dimensional layer are constructed under certain conditions imposed on the desired functions. These estimates can be used as approximate solutions with known error or for the verification of the accuracy of different approximate methods. We note that the use of comparison theorem for the estimate of solutions of equations of nonlinear filtration is discussed in [7–9]. The methods of constructing estimates of solutions of various problems of heat conduction are given in [10, 11]