共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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本文应用大规模分子动力学方法, 模拟了两种具有不同粗糙形貌的、刚性球形探头与弹性平面基体之间的纳米尺度接触, 计算了探头与基体之间的拉离力和黏着功, 研究了接触过程中界面黏着力随载荷的变化规律, 分析了接触界面原子的法向应力分布. 研究发现, 原子级光滑接触的黏着力随着载荷的增大而线性增大, 而原子级粗糙接触的黏着力-载荷曲线分为以不同斜率增长的两个阶段. 相比于原子级光滑探头, 原子级粗糙探头与基体之间具有较小的拉离力和黏着功, 却在接触过程中形成了较大的黏着力. 因此, 拉离力和黏着功不能表征出纳米接触过程中原子吸引作用对界面法向力的贡献大小. 相似文献
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利用球-盘接触黏着试验仪对微量受限液体的界面黏着行为的研究发现:临界体积范围内(皮升到纳升)的受限液滴达到临界厚度后将出现自动铺展和瞬时收缩行为(分别对应球-盘趋进和分离过程),并同时提供一定幅值的法向黏着力及伴随出现力的突变;该界面黏着力与液滴体积、球的直径等相关,并很好地揭示了昆虫或树蛙爪垫与光滑表面间的湿黏着行为.在进一步试验的基础上,利用球—面接触模型的毛细黏着力公式对所观察到的试验现象进行了机理揭示,认为临界体积受限液滴出现的自动铺展和瞬时收缩行为与接触副的刚度相关,最大法向黏着力随液体体积的减小而减小,与接触副之间受限液体的中心区厚度有关.结合生物黏着爪垫进行了受限液体界面黏着控制机理的分析,可以指导仿生黏着爪垫的设计与控制.
关键词:
生物黏着爪垫
毛细黏着力
受限液体 相似文献
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柱状弯曲超声波电机在相机的镜头调焦、电动窗帘以及各种MEMS的微驱动等领域具有广泛的应用前景。本文针对柱状弯曲超声波电机,理论和实验提示了定、转子的单点和双点接触方式,提出了临界预紧力概念,给出了这两种方式下的定、转子间的力接触传递关系,进而给出了电机的机械特性和工作效率计算式,结合研制的电机样机进行分析,验证了本模型的准确性,并分析了电机性能与预紧力的关系。研制的φ14 mm的电机样机,实现堵转转矩达0.11 Nm,空转转速为300 r/min左右。 相似文献
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对背面有热流输入的矩形毛细微槽群横截面上的气液分界面形状进行了理论分析,在一定条件下对Wayner蒸发模型进行简化,根据等壁温条件推出蒸发薄液膜区域热流密度近似为定值,通过流体动力学理论推导出了微槽横截面薄液膜区域液膜厚度变化的关系式,并与Wayner蒸发模型的计算结果进行了比较。进一步提出了全新的交界线区域长度的判定方法,根据蒸发薄液膜区域总换热量计算得到蒸发薄液膜区域的长度,交界处接触角,以及固有弯月面区域的曲率半径,从而最终得出了微槽横截面整个气液分界面的形状曲线,理论分析表明:槽宽、热流密度、过热度等因素对蒸发薄液膜区域长度、接触角以及固有弯月面曲率半径等参数有较大的影响。 相似文献
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微流动细胞颗粒中介电泳力的分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
介电泳分离方法的研究在微电子机械系统及生物领域具有广泛的应用前景.本文对介电泳作用下细胞颗粒在微通道电解溶液内流动进行了理论分析,对作用在分离流动方向细胞颗粒上的介电泳力和粘性力进行了分析.模拟了交流电场在频率1000 kHz微通道内三维电势分布和不同时间的介电泳力分布变化. 相似文献
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自然界或工业中普遍是由非球形颗粒组成的复杂体系,与球形颗粒相比,非球形颗粒间的高离散和咬合互锁可使冲击载荷引起的能量有效衰减实现缓冲作用.基于连续函数包络的超二次曲面单元能准确地描述非球形颗粒的几何形态,并可精确地计算单元间的接触碰撞作用.本文采用离散元方法对冲击载荷作用下非球形颗粒物质的缓冲性能进行数值分析,并与圆柱体冲击的理论结果和球体冲击的实验结果进行对比验证.在此基础之上,进一步研究了筒底作用力在不同颗粒层厚度和形状等因素影响下的变化规律.计算结果表明:不同颗粒形状都存在一个临界厚度H_c.当HH_c时,缓冲率随H的增加而增加;当HH_c时,缓冲率的变化不再显著并趋于稳定值.此外,减小颗粒表面尖锐度和增加或减小圆柱形和长方形颗粒的长宽比都会提高颗粒材料的缓冲效果. 相似文献
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To understand capillary interactions between probe tips and nanoparticles under ambient conditions, a theoretical model of capillary forces between them is developed based on the geometric relations. It is found that the contribution of surface tension force to the total capillary force attains to similar order of magnitude as the capillary pressure force in many cases. It is also shown that the tip shape and the radial distance of the meniscus have great influence on the capillary force. The capillary force decreases with the increasing separation distances, and the variance of the contact angles may change the magnitudes of capillary forces several times at large radial distances. The applicability of the symmetric meniscus approximation is discussed. 相似文献
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Using a linearized set of equations of electrodynamics, the stability of the uniformly charged meniscus of a viscous conducting
incompressible liquid at the end of a capillary is investigated and analytical expressions are derived for the electric field
outside the meniscus, velocity fields in the liquid flow and meniscus, and generatrix of the meniscus shape. It is found that,
if an external electric field near the meniscus exceeds that at which the free liquid surface becomes unstable against the
surface charge, a finite number of longest waves become unstable with their instability growth rates nonmonotonically depending
on the wavenumber. Analysis of the time evolution of the meniscus shape under various initial conditions shows that cylindrical
waves with the highest instability growth rates play a decisive role in this process, while the influence of the initial deformation
amplitude is insignificant. 相似文献
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考虑了非球形气泡在声场中的形状振动,推导了非球形气泡和球形气泡之间的次Bjerknes力方程,数值模拟了声场中非球形气泡和球形气泡之间的次Bjerknes力和两个球形气泡之间的次Bjerknes力,并对非球形气泡和球形气泡之间的次Bjerknes力的影响因素进行了分析讨论.研究结果表明:当驱动声压振幅大于非球形气泡的Black阈值且又能使得非球形气泡稳定振动时,在第一个声驱动周期内,非球形气泡和球形气泡之间的次Bjerknes力和两个球形气泡的次Bjerknes力方向差异较大,在大小上是两个球形气泡次Bjerkens力的数倍,且有着更长的作用距离.非球形气泡和球形气泡之间的次Bjerknes力取决于非球形气泡的形状模态、两个气泡初始半径的比值、驱动声压振幅、气泡间距和两个气泡的相对位置. 相似文献
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石墨烯作为固体润滑剂在微/纳米机电系统中具有巨大的应用潜力.本文在SiO_2/Si基底上制备了微孔阵列,将石墨烯剥离在微孔上,形成悬浮结构.使用原子力显微镜研究悬浮石墨烯和支撑石墨烯的摩擦特性,结果表明:悬浮石墨烯表面摩擦力比基底支撑石墨烯明显减小,同时在支撑石墨烯上出现的摩擦增强效应也消失.随着石墨烯厚度的增大,面外刚度逐渐增大,悬浮石墨烯与支撑石墨烯的摩擦力差异逐渐减小.此外,使用预磨损探针时,悬浮石墨烯和支撑石墨烯的摩擦力都显著增大,且悬浮石墨烯的摩擦力依然比支撑石墨烯小.通过对比不同厚度石墨烯,不同针尖半径时悬浮石墨烯与支撑石墨烯表面摩擦力的变化,揭示了面外变形对石墨烯摩擦力的影响,为有效提高石墨烯固体润滑剂的摩擦性能提供了理论指导. 相似文献
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利用基于线性黏聚接触模型的离散元法对不同颗粒系统的堆积过程进行了数值模拟研究,分析了颗粒形状和湿颗粒间液桥力对颗粒堆积形态的影响机理,获得了球形和块状湿颗粒堆基底表面所受的法向力以及堆中颗粒间的法向力和切向力"中心凹陷"式的分布规律,讨论了颗粒形状和黏聚能量密度对基底表面作用力和颗粒间作用力的影响.研究结果表明,颗粒形状和液桥力对颗粒堆的堆积形态具有显著的影响.堆积角随着黏聚能量密度的增加而增大,并且相同条件下的块状颗粒堆积角大于球形颗粒.颗粒形状和黏聚能量密度对基底表面所受作用力和堆中颗粒间的作用力变化及最大幅值均有影响作用.当黏聚能量密度值逐渐增大时,颗粒堆的作用力最大幅值均逐渐增大,并且块状颗粒堆的作用力最大幅值大于球形颗粒堆.当黏聚能量密度值过大时,颗粒堆力学特性更加复杂,液桥力对颗粒堆积特性的影响作用大于颗粒形状的影响. 相似文献
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Systematic and quantitative analyses of exact analogies between a meniscus and an elastica are performed. It is shown that the two governing equations take the same style after coordinate translation and scale transformation. The morphologies of the liquid bridge and the cantilever are calculated in terms of elliptic integrations, which can be reduced to the same shape,after converting the boundary conditions. The present analyses can make us grasp the nature of this physical phenomenon deeply and show some inspiration for designing the analogy experiments. Moreover, the calculated results are helpful to engineering applications, such as design and fabrication of MEMS, and micro-manipulations in micro/nano- technology. 相似文献
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自然界中许多昆虫通过分泌一层油性液体薄膜实现其爪垫表皮和光滑壁面之间粘附和解粘附,从而实现在光滑壁布的快速爬行.为了提示昆虫爪垫与光滑壁面间微量液体薄膜对生物粘着的意义,基于自行研制的粘着接触实验仪,采用微量的[emim[Tf2N]离子液体和聚α烯烃油,观测其受限在纳米级光滑钢球表面与玻璃表面之间的接触行为以及法向粘着力.实验发现,临界体积(10-12—10-9L)范围内的受限液滴达到临界厚度(小于2μm)后会出现自动铺展和瞬时收缩行为,并同时提供幅值稳定且数值
关键词:
受限液体
粘着力
昆虫爪垫
类固化 相似文献
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The objective of this paper is to describe application of atomic force microscopy (AFM) for characterization and calibration of static deflection of electromagnetically and/or thermally actuated micro-electromechanical (MEMS) bridge. The investigated MEMS structure is formed by a silicon nitride bridge and a thin film metal path enabling electromagnetic and/or thermal deflection actuation. We present how static microbridge deflection can be measured using contact mode AFM technology with resolution of 0.05 nm in the range of up to tens of nm. We also analyze, for very small structure deflections and under defined and controlled load force varied in the range up to ca. 32 nN, properties of thermal and electromagnetical microbridge deflection actuation schemes. 相似文献
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Daniele Ludovisi Soyoung S. Cha William M. Worek Raranaynan Ramachandran 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2012
Various applications of magnetic fluids involve interface phenomena. The analysis of the hydrostatic interface shape between two immiscible liquid layers, especially under magnetic field influence, is the first step to understand the accompanying complex dynamic phenomena as well as to providing reliable numerical capabilities for their accurate prediction. This study presents a relatively simple numerical approach, and the accompanying theory, to reliably define the meniscus shape in a two-layered fluid system in presence of a horizontal magnetic field with a vertical gradient. In the course of the study, two dimensionless parameters have been derived to describe the magnetic pressure jump at the interface and the magnetic body force throughout the volume. These parameters are used to interpret the results of the analysis and to show that a horizontal magnetic field tends to flatten the meniscus shape at the interface despite of the direction of its vertical gradient. 相似文献