HT-7超导托卡马克边界等离子体参量及其涨落的实验研究

利用径向可移动朗缪尔三探针和马赫探针对HT-7超导托卡马克边界等离子体参量及其涨落进行了空时空分辨测量.给出了欧姆放电及其与低杂波电流驱动共同作用下边界等离子体电位φ_p、电子温度T_e和电子密度n_e及其涨落的径向分布.实验表明,在限制器附近,存在一由E_r×B确定的极向旋转速度剪切层.在剪切层内,T_e和n_e分布较陡,且φ_p,T_e和n_e的相对涨落水平下降明显.这说明剪切层对边界区的等离子体涨落具有抑制作用.低杂波驱动使径向电场梯度变陡,从而使剪切程度加深但对剪切层宽度无影响.此外,测量表明等离子体环向速度马赫数M_φ存在径向梯度.环向流的这种径向梯度可能是形成径向电场所需的平均极向流的一种重要驱动源 关键词： 托卡马克 边界涨落 低杂波驱动     

SUNIST装置中磁探针出气率测量

通过出气率测量装置评价了SUNIST装置的内部磁探针出气特性,实验结果表明其出气量和出气气体成分不足以影响SUNIST真空特性。其后的放电实验验证了这一结论。     

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介绍了在SUNIST装置上进行的ECW辅助欧姆感应电流启动实验。在ECW(2.45GHz/20kW/10ms)和垂直场感应的共同作用下,先驱动起一个较小的等离子体电流(<1kA),再投入欧姆场,可以获得比常规欧姆放电更高的电流爬升速率,提高伏秒数的利用效率。这种启动方式为SUNIST欧姆放电提高了灵活性,可以在不进行硬件改动的前提下增加调节等离子体平衡的余量,拉长放电的持续时间。     

Observation of Radial Propagation of Electrostatic Fluctuations in Edge Plasma of the Sino United Spherical Tokamak

Radial propagation of electrostatic fluctuations in the edge plasma of Sino-United Spherical Tokamak (SUNIST) has been measured using Langmuir probes. The propagation characteristics of the floating potential fluctuations are analysed by the two-point correlation technique. The results show radially outward propagation of the turbulent fluctuations at all measured radial positions. The power-average wavenumber profile is approximately constant in plasma edge region and suddenly increases to the limiter. These results are in good agreement with the model predictions proposed by Mattor which suggests that the drift wave propagation may be a source of edge turbulence.     

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通过出气率测量装置评价了SUNIST装置的内部磁探针出气特性,实验结果表明其出气量和出气气体成分不足以影响SUNIST真空特性。其后的放电实验验证了这一结论。     

行波型超声波电机摩擦特性的实验研究

超声波电机是通过逆压电效应产生高频振动并通过摩擦实现驱动的电机,其定转子摩擦接触面的高频、微幅的行波振动有其特殊性,跟以往的摩擦接触显著不同,并对电机的换能效率、电机寿命和摩擦材料的选择等都有影响.本文建立了超声波电机定转子接触面摩擦系数测量装置,通过试验比较了摩擦接触面在常规、定子驻波振动以及行波振动下的动态摩擦系数,分析了定子相对转速(速度)、预紧力以及温度对定转子接触面摩擦系数的影响.根据摩擦二项式和电机定转子表面弹塑性接触状态对摩擦系数与预紧力等的对应关系进行了说明,分析了驻波振动和行波振动的超声减摩效果以及温度对摩擦系数的影响,确定了适合行波型超声波电机的摩擦系数计算模型.超声波电机的驱动摩擦特性是1项基础性工作,有助于行波形超声波电机设计、建模和驱动控制等.     

Enhancement of signal-to-noise ratio of ultracold polar NaCs molecular spectra by phase locking detection

We report a method of high-sensitively detecting the weak signal in photoassociation(PA) spectra of ultracold NaCs molecules by phase sensitive-demodulated trap-loss spectra of Na atoms from a photomultiplier tube. We find that the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of the PA spectra is strongly dependent on the integration time and the sensitivity of the lockin amplifier, and our results show reasonable agreement with the theoretical analyses of the SNR with the demodulation parameters. Meanwhile, we investigate the effect of the interaction time of the PA laser with the colliding Na–Cs atom pairs on the SNR of the PA spectra. The atom loss rate is dependent on both the PA-induced atom loss and the loading of the MOT. The high-sensitive detection of the excited ultracold NaCs molecules lays a solid foundation for further study of the formation and application of ultracold NaCs molecules.     

Observation of intermittency in edge plasma of SUNIST tokamak

The temporal intermittency of the fluctuation-driven particle transport fluxes is analysed by using data obtained from Langmuir probe array in the edge of the Sino-United Spherical Tokamak (SUNIST). The conditional statistics analysis indicates that the intermittent structures have a characteristic time width of about 30μs, which is the typical fluctuation time scaling. It is also found that the transport fluxes have a multifractal character over the fluctuation time scales, and exhibit a long-time-range correlation character with self-similar parameter H>0.5 in the plasma confinement time scales. Furthermore, the analyses show that the level of the intermittency and the long-range correlation of the fluxes vary with increasing plasma density. These observations are consistent with the prediction of the avalanche-like model.     

HT-7超导托卡马克边缘涨落谱特征及湍流输运研究

用郎缪尔三探针对HT-7超导托卡马克边缘等离子体涨落进行了高时空分辩测量.给出了欧姆放电下涨落幅度的径向分布、谱特征及传播特性.实验观察表明,在由E_r×B确定的极向旋转速度剪切层附近,等离子体电位、电子温度和电子密度的相对涨落水平和两两间的相干系数均有明显下降,其极向互相关函数亦减小,这说明剪切层对涨落具有去相关作用.由涨落驱动的径向局域粒子输运通量Γ_tur测量显示出湍动输运具有时间上的阵发特性。将悬浮电位涨落φ_f2的自动率谱P_{( 关键词： 托卡马克 边界涨落 湍流输运}     

EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE OF THE SELF-SIMILARITY AND LONG-RANGE CORRELATIONS OF THE EDGE FLUCTUATIONS IN HT-6M TOKAMAK

For a better understand long-time-scale transport dynamics, the rescaled range analysis techniques, the autocorrelation function (ACF) and the probability distribution function (PDF) are used to investigate long-range dependences in edge plasma fluctuations in HT-6M tokamak. The results reveal the self-similar characters of the electrostatic fluctuations with self-similarity parameters (Hurst exponent) ranging from 0.64 to 0.79, taking into consideration the {\vec E}_r×{\vec B} rotation-sheared effect. Fluctuation ACFs of both the ion saturation current and the floating potential, as well as PDF of the turbulence-induced particle flux, have two distinct time scales. One corresponds to the decorrelation time scale of local fluctuations (μs) and the other lasts to the order of the confinement time (ms). All these experimental results suggest that some of the mechanisms of the underlying turbulence are consistent with plasma transport as characterized by self-organized criticality(SOC).