多模气体激光纵模线型函数及其频宽的实验观测

本文根据多模激光时间相干性ｇ（１）（τ）的准周期性特点，提出了一种观测多模激光纵模线型函数及其频宽的新方法－程差２ｋＬ法。文章介绍了测量原理与方法，并以双模Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光器为例，给出了相应的实验结果，研究表明，多模气体激光的纵模线型函数为洛仑兹（Ｌｏｒｅｎｔｚ）线型函数，相应的纵模频宽约为１０＾７Ｈｚ。     

为什么可用l（l＋1）代替l~2

为什么可用ｌ（ｌ＋１）代替ｌ￣２Ｐ．Ｗ．Ｍｉｌｏｎｎｉ在量子力学中为什么可以用ι（ι１）代替ι￣２？这里ι是角动量量子数．在一些导论性的教科书中这个特别的结果是作为一种特殊的量子力学效应提出的，即空间量子化（问题的确如此）．但似乎没有很容易的方法理解...     

激光蒸发进样ICP－AES测定地质祥品中的钡和锶

本文讨论了用连续ＣＯ＿２激光器蒸发地质粉末样品，ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定Ｂａ和Ｓｒ。在样品中加入适量的粘合剂和石墨粉混匀压饼，用激光全部蒸发。在蒸发室出口处加入了一只多层多孔过滤器，一定程度上改善了系统长时间工作的稳定性。对影响激光采样和ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ分析性能的参数进行了研究。实验结果表明，连续激光蒸发地质粉末样品、ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定Ｂａ、Ｓｒ，大部分分析结果满意。在选择的系统条件下，Ｂａ、Ｓｒ的检出限分别为２．６μｇ·ｇ￣－１和３．０μｇ·ｇ￣－１；精密度ＲＳＤ分别为６．３％（４７０μｇ·ｇ￣－１）和５．６％（５２μｇ·ｇ￣－１）     

类氦离子1,3P激发态Schrodinger方程的直接解

利用相关函数（ＣＦ）－超球谐（ＨＨ）－广义Ｌａｇｕｅｒｒｅ（ＧＬＦ）方法直接求解类氦离子ｎ＾１,３Ｐ（ｎ＝１,２,３）低躺激发态的Ｓｃｈｒ¨／ｏｄｉｎｇｅｒ方程,得氦原子的本征能量分别为－２．１３３１７Ｅｈ（１＾３Ｐ）,－２．１２３８３Ｅｈ（１＾１Ｐ）,－２．０５８１０Ｅｈ（２＾３Ｐ）,－２．０５５１６Ｅｈ（２＾１Ｐ）,－２．０３２３５Ｅｈ（３＾３Ｐ）和－２．０３１０９Ｅｈ（３＾１Ｐ）,它们与文献     

自由运转双模He－Ne激光场g~（2）（τ）的时谱特性及其可能应用

采用光场的量子理论导出了双模Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光场二阶相干度ｇ（２）（τ）的时谱公式，讨论了ｇ（２）（τ）的周期性、时谱特性和光子反相关效应，并在分析其频率调谐特性的基础上，探讨了双模激光场ｇ（２）（τ）的时谱特性在双模激光线宽ΔνＤ的测量和双模激光稳频稳幅中的可能应用。     

自由运转双模He—Ne激光场g（2）（τ）的时谱特性及其可能应用

采用光场的量子理论导出了双模Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光场二阶相干度ｇ（２）（τ）的时谱公式，讨论了ｇ（２）（τ）的周期性，时谱特性和光子反相关效应，并在分析其频率调谐特性的基础上，探讨了双模激光场ｇ（２）（τ）的时谱特性在双模激光线宽△ｖＤ的测量和双模激光稳频稳幅中的可能应用。     

激光散射研究聚甲基丙烯酸烷基磺酸钠／氯化钠水溶液的性质

本文用激光散射技术研究了具有不同长度烷基侧链的聚甲基丙烯酸烷基磺酸钠（ＰＳＳＲＭＡ）在０．１ＭＮａＣｌ水溶液中的性质。用静态光散射测定了这一系列聚合物的重均分子量Ｍ＿ｗ，均方半径Ｒ＿ｇ以及第二维利系数Ａ＿２．用动态光散射测定了光强的时间相关函数，运用Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ反演得到线宽分布Ｇ（Г）。当高聚物溶液的浓度大于１０￣（－３）ｇ／ｍＬ时，特性平均线宽〈Г〉迅速增加、表面张力降低；在２５℃－４７℃的范围内，〈Г〉随温度增加；烷基侧链越长，在０．１ＭＮａＣｌ水溶液中ＰＳＳＲＭＡ的分子排列更紧密。静态与动态光散射的结果建立以下方程：Ｄ＝ｋ＿ＤＭ￣ａ＿Ｄ，当α＿Ｄ～０．５６，对应于不同侧链，Ｋ＿Ｄ在１．５４×～１０￣（－４）－２．０７×１０￣（－４）（ｍＬ／ｇ）时，从线宽分布Ｇ（Г）得到ＰＳＳＲＭＡ的分子量分布。     

SCF—Xα—SW程序和LMTO程序的改进及其在固体体系中的应用

在ＹＨ－１／ＹＨ－２计算机上将多重散射Ｘα自洽场方法（ＳＣＦ－Ｘα－ＳＷ）程序和线性Ｍｕｆｆｉｎ－ｔｉｎ轨道方法（ＬＭＴＯ）程序做了改进，实现了向量化和并行化。研究了Ｃ６０的能级；计算了苯分子从１ｅ１ｇ，２ｅ２ｇ和１ａ２ｕ开始激发的１０８个Ｒｙｄｂｅｒｇ态单电子轨道激发能，即１ｅ１ｇ，２ｅ２ｇ，１ａ２ｕ→ｋａ１ｇ（ｋ＝３－１１），ｋｅ２ｇ（ｋ＝２－７），ｋｅ１ｕ（ｋ＝３－８），ｋｅ１ｇ（ｋ＝３－５     

退色光度法测定痕量Cr(Ⅲ)的研究

基于在ＯＰ存在下,痕量Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）可使萘酚绿Ｂ退色的反应,本文提出了一种应用新的退色光度法测定痕量Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）的方法,该方法线性范围为０．２４－３．００μｇ．ｍＬ＾－１,检出限为２．０５μｇ．ｍＬ＾－１。该方法用于模拟样品的测定,回收率为１００％－１０８％。     

二安替比林—（邻—乙氧基）苯基甲烷褪色光度法测定微量铜的研究

合成了新试剂二安替比林－（邻－乙氧基）苯基甲烷（ＤＡｏＥＭ），根据Ｃｕ＾２＋对Ｈ３ＰＯ４－Ｍｎ（Ⅱ）－Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）－ＤＡｏＥＭ显色体系的干扰褪色作用，建立了一个测定微量铜的新方法，其检出限为４×１０＾－６ｇ／Ｌ，铜离子含量在２０－１６０μｇ／Ｌ范围内与１ｇ（Ａ０／Ａ）成良好线性关系，体系稳定性和选择性良好，用于铅样中痕量铜的测定，结果满意。     

Short time propagation of a singular wave function: Some surprising results

The Schrödinger evolution of an initially singular wave function was investigated. First it was shown that a wide range of physical problems can be described by initially singular wave function. Then it was demonstrated that outside the support of the initial wave function the time evolution is governed to leading order by the values of the wave function and its derivatives at the singular points. Short-time universality appears where it depends only on a single parameter—the value at the singular point (not even on its derivatives). It was also demonstrated that the short-time evolution in the presence of an absorptive potential is different than in the presence of a nonabsorptive one. Therefore, this dynamics can be harnessed to the determination whether a potential is absorptive or not simply by measuring only the transmitted particles density.     

Cu、Zn掺杂对AlSb电子结构和光学性质影响

运用密度泛函平面波赝势方法和广义梯度近似,对替代式掺杂Cu和Zn的闪锌矿AlSb的超晶胞晶体结构、电子结构和光学性质进行了计算。分析了其电子态分布和结构的关系,给出了掺杂前后AlSb体系的复介电常数和复折射函数。结果表明,掺有Cu和Zn的AlSb晶体空穴密度增大,会明显提高材料的电导率;两种掺杂体系光学带隙均变窄;通过分析掺杂前后AlSb晶体的复介电常数和复折射函数,解释了体系的发光机制。     

Evaluation of optimal thermal-hydraulic characteristics ratio in microchannel heat exchangers

In this paper, an analytical method of microchannel heat exchanger characteristics optimization is described. An objective function that combines thermal-hydraulic and constructive parameters of a heat-exchanger such as number, diameter, and length of channels, was developed. Limitations on its application were determined. Influence of these parameters on the function’s value was analyzed. It is demonstrated that for each fixed amount of microchannels and its length, an optimal channel diameter exists. Formulas for optimal ratio of length, diameter, and number of microchannels evaluation were derived. It was shown that the maximum value of the objective function corresponds to a thin heat exchange matrix that consists of a large number of short channels with small diameter.     

Investigation of the temperature dependent changes of work function induced by adsorption of Ag on W(011)

The adsorption of silver on the (011) face of tungsten has been studied at temperatures from 78 to 1200 K. Investigations were performed using LEED, AES and work function measurements. The work function changes appeared to depend on the nature of the adlayer, and its arrangement with respect to the substrate. An absolute coverage scale was determined for room temperature, and this scale was related to the work function changes observed at this temperature. An interpretation of the obtained curves of the work function changes is presented.     

Measurement of the spatial response of a detector pixel

In order to measure the internal spatial response of a pixel in a detector, it is scanned by a beam smaller than its size. This becomes difficult as the wave length grows and becomes comparable to the pixel size, such as in the infra red. To overcome this difficulty, a special phase mask which makes the beam narrower was designed, constructed, and tested successfully. The mask was made from five alternating transparent rings, where the rings had half a wave phase difference between them. The beam was scanned with and without the mask in two dimensions in fine steps by a much smaller detector and its response was taken. The spot width dropped by 19% at half its height and by 42% at tenth its height, a significant narrowing. The scan was repeated with the full detector pixel. That beam scan served as a deconvolution kernel and allowed us to find the pixel point spread function (spatial response), the pixel modulation transfer function and the optical cross talk between the pixels.     

The effect of carbon contamination and argon ion sputtering on the work function of chlorinated indium tin oxide

The work function of indium tin oxide (ITO) was increased by treating ITO with dichlorobenzene with UV light. Carbon contamination of the Cl-ITO was measured using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and argon ion sputtering was used to remove the carbon from the surface. It was found that the carbon contamination from residual dichlorobenzene significantly lowered the work function of the ITO and after argon ion sputtering the work function increased to 5.8 eV. It was found that chlorination of ITO occurs after more than 6 min of UV exposure. Further sputtering of ITO resulted in the removal of the functionalized chlorine, the introduction of argon ion contaminants on the ITO decreases its work function.     

空间外差光谱仪干涉图数据处理

空间外差光谱技术是一种新型的超分辨光谱技术。介绍了空间外差光谱仪的基本原理,并针对其特点提出了干涉图数据处理的方法。首先通过一阶差分对干涉图进行去基线处理,然后使用三角函数作为切趾函数对干涉图进行切趾,并对傅里叶变换光谱进行相位校正,最后采用已知双线光源对空间外差光谱仪原理试验装置进行波长定标。文章以Na双线与Hg谱线进行波长定标,得到了波长定标曲线。通过以上的方法对空间外差光谱仪干涉图数据进行处理,能有效地提高干涉图反演光谱的精度。     

Intensification of three-dimensional waves by wind on deep water

It was found that the intensification of waves by wind includes consecutive cycles of growth of the longest three-dimensional wave’s steepness and its decay into even longer waves. The ratio of the lengths of waves that arise during decay was obtained as a function of the Froude number, and the steepness of the leading slope of the longest wave was obtained as a function of the wave’s steepness. An expression describing the depth of nonlinear waves’ penetration into a water column as a function of their steepness was found.     

电子束蒸发沉积六硼化镧薄膜的逸出功(英文)

六硼化镧(LaB6)具有电子逸出功低、高熔点和高化学稳定性等优点,是制作热阴极和场发射阴极的理想发射体材料。而且在常规场发射尖锥表面涂敷一层LaB6薄膜能够大幅度提高场发射尖锥的发射能力。为了测量LaB6薄膜的逸出功,采用电子束蒸发技术沉积LaB6薄膜,并对薄膜进行了X射线衍射分析和X射线光电谱分析。通过测量薄膜的热电子发射特性和敷LaB6薄膜的硅尖锥阵列的场致电子发射特性确定了LaB6薄膜的逸出功,与块状LaB6多晶材料的逸出功大体相同,说明电子束蒸发沉积技术适合于制备高纯度、低逸出功的LaB6薄膜。     

New Properties of the Wigner Function of the Tripartite Entangled State

For entangled three particles one should treat their wave function as a whole, there is no physical meaning talking about the wave function (or Wigner function) for any one of the tripartite, therefore thinking of the entangled Wigner function (Wigner operator) is of necessity, we introduce the entangled Wigner operator related to a pair of mutually conjugate tripartite entangled state representations and discuss some of its new properties, such as the trace product rule, the size of an entangled quantum state and the upper bound of the three-mode Wigner function. Deriving wave function from its corresponding tripartite entangled Wigner function is also presented. Those new properties of the tripartite entangled Wigner function play significant role in quantum physics because they provide us deeper insight into the shape of quantum states.