椭圆强非局域空间光孤子

对傍轴椭圆高斯光束在具有椭圆对称响应特性的强非局域非线性介质中的演化规律进行研究，得到了光束各参量演化的精确解析解，分析了单向空间光孤子和强非局域椭圆空间光孤子的形成条件，发现了椭圆光孤子的相移与介质响应函数的椭圆率有关. 关键词： 椭圆对称强非局域响应介质 椭圆强非局域空间光孤子 相移     

椭圆筒壁传热模型的研究

本文从椭圆的特性出发,导出了椭圆筒壁的传热方程以及温度分布,给出了椭圆筒壁的传热特性与椭圆几何参数及换热系数之间的关系;探讨了椭圆几何参数对最大换热量及临界热绝缘厚度的影响;查明了椭圆筒壁传热按圆筒壁处理的条件。     

椭圆偏振光通过四分之一波片

一、问题的提出在实验中,对椭圆偏振光的鉴别通常是让椭圆偏振光通过1/4波片,使其变为平面偏振光后进行的。但必须使1/4波片的光轴平行于椭圆偏振光振动矢量椭圆的一个主轴——即椭圆的长轴或短轴。问题在于,假如入射的是斜椭圆偏振光     

椭圆扁圆度对椭圆环线电流中心轴线磁场分布的影响

运用场的叠加原理、椭圆积分的理论和方法,巧妙利用椭圆的对称性,导出了椭圆环线电流中心轴线磁场分布的解析表达式,系统、深入地讨论了椭圆扁圆度对椭圆环线电流中心轴线磁场分布的影响,揭示了椭圆环扁圆度对线电流中心轴线磁场分布具有调整作用、能使其呈现极大值的重要特性.     

关于椭圆偏振光的几点讨论

对椭圆偏振光在直角坐标系中的分解,椭圆偏振光的光强,椭圆偏振光经过偏振片的出射光强,以及椭圆偏振光的"瞬时光强"等几个问题做了讨论.     

一种基于长轴和对偶性的椭圆检测新算法

提出一种新的基于椭圆长轴信息的椭圆检测算法,利用椭圆长轴信息来确定椭圆的四个参数,并利用累积的方法得出短轴的值。在确定长轴时,利用椭圆的对偶性对长轴做出验证。实验表明,该算法比原长轴算法降低了运算时间。     

一种新的基于弧段提取的椭圆检测方法

为了克服椭圆检测过程中对椭圆完整性和边缘梯度信息依赖性较强的缺点,实现椭圆目标的快速有效检测,提出了一种新的基于弧段提取的椭圆拟合方法。首先将梯度方向符号相同的相邻边缘点连接成弧段,然后根据弧段的凸性和象限分类组成包含三段弧的弧组,定义了新的弧选择策略,利用位置约束和弧对的椭圆中心估计提取候选椭圆,最后采用改进的拟合算法拟合椭圆。实验结果表明,基于弧段提取的椭圆拟合方法相对于LMEDS算法和RHT3具有更好的准确性、鲁棒性和稳定性,实时性也有一定的提高。     

基于Hough投票空间的椭圆图像特征亚像素提取方法

椭圆检测是机器视觉和模式识别的基本任务。首先在椭圆中心初定位阶段,通过参数空间的少量投票,依据均值漂移技术获取粗略的椭圆中心,然后再由精提策略实现椭圆中心的精确像素级定位,并采用插值方法进一步获取椭圆中心亚像素坐标。仿真及真实图像的实验结果表明,所提出的方法同时具备了椭圆检测的鲁棒性和中心定位的精确性。     

椭圆偏振光直接实验证的数据处理方法

从理论上分析了大学物理吉有关在椭圆偏振光实验里得不到椭圆曲线的原因,提出了得到椭圆曲线的数据处理方法。     

用黑斑的椭圆性质在二值化图像中探测眼睛

在人脸探测过程中 ,双眼的探测非常重要 ,这是因为人的眼睛是人脸上最容易探测到的特征部位。通过双眼探测还可以对人脸进行定位 ,使人脸的尺寸归一化。探讨了一种基于二值化图像中黑斑几何形状分析的双眼探测方法。因为人眼的形状比较接近椭圆 ,故在研究黑斑的几何性质时 ,重点研究黑斑的椭圆性质。所谓黑斑的椭圆性质是指按照黑斑的面积和二阶矩计算出的椭圆参数。椭圆的主要参数有椭圆的面积、质心、长短轴的长度和方向角 (椭圆长轴与水平方向的夹角 )。为了描述黑斑与椭圆的近似程度 ,定义了椭圆硬度的概念。根据眼睛黑斑椭圆参数的测试数据建立了探测眼睛的数学模型 ,并给出了根据此模型得到的双眼探测的实验结果     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.