YFe2B2电子结构的第一性原理计算

基于密度泛函理论,从头计算了具有ThCr₂Si₂型四方晶系的稀土金属化合物Yfe₂B₂体相的物理特性.能量计算结果表明Yfe₂B₂体相处于顺磁金属态;而能带结构、态密度、布居数以及差分电荷　分布的计算结果表明Y原子的5s,5p电子具有很强的局域性;Fe原子的3d电子和B的1s,2s和2p电子强烈耦合,使得最近邻Fe原子与B原子形成了Fe—B共价键;最近邻的两个Fe原子之间由于 关键词： 稀土金属化合物 第一性原理计算 能带结构 态密度     

插层化合物Ag1/4TiSe2电子结构的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的平面波赝势方法,选用局域密度近似对Ag_1/4TiSe₂及TiSe₂的几何结构进行了优化和总能量计算.计算得到的晶格常量与实验结果符合较好,负的形成能表明有序Ag_1/4TiSe₂系统的稳定性.布居数、键长、能带结构和态密度的计算结果显示：Ag以较强的离子性结合于Ag_1/4TiSe₂中.Ag的插入使得半金属性的TiSe_{2关键词： 1/4}TiSe₂')" href="#">Ag_1/4TiSe₂ 电子结构 插层化合物 第一性原理计算     

锂离子电池正极材料Li2FeSiO4的电子结构与输运特性

采用基于密度泛函理论第一性原理方法, 研究了对称性为Pmn2₁的正交结构聚阴离子型硅酸盐Li₂FeSiO₄及其相关脱锂相LiFeSiO₄的电子结构, 并进一步采用玻尔兹曼理论对其输运性质进行计算. 电荷密度分析表明, 由于强Si–O共价键的存在使Li₂FeSiO₄晶体结构在嵌脱锂过程中始终保持稳定, 体积变化率只有2.7%. 能带结构与态密度计算结果表明, 费米能级附近的电子结构主要受Fe-d轨道中电子的影响, Li₂FeSiO₄ 的带隙宽度明显小于LiFeSiO₄, 说明前者的电子输运能力优于后者. 输运性质计算表明, 电导率在300–800 K时对温度的变化并不敏感, 同时也证明了Li₂FeSiO₄晶体的电导率大于LiFeSiO₄晶体, 与能带和态密度分析结论一致.     

掺杂半导体β-FeSi2电子结构及几何结构第一性原理研究

采用基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论全势线性缀加平面波法，使用广义梯度近似处理交换相关势能，首先计算了β-FeSi₂的电子结构及其各元素各亚层电子的能态密度，β-FeSi₂的电子能态密度主要由Fe的d层电子和Si的p层电子的能态密度确定；其次通过计算不同掺杂系统的总能量确定了掺杂原子在β-FeSi₂中的置换位置，在β-FeSi₂中，Co置换Fe_Ⅱ位置的Fe原子，Al置换Si_Ⅰ位置的Si原子，这种择位置换与现有的计算结果完全一致；最后计算了Fe_1-xCo_xSi₂和Fe(Si_1-xAl_x)₂的电子结构，对它们的电子结构特征进行了分析，并探讨了电子结构对其热电性能(塞贝克系数、电传输及热传输性能)的影响. 关键词： 第一性原理 电子结构 热电性能 2')" href="#">FeSi₂     

LiGaX2(X=S,Se, Te)的电子结构,光学和弹性性质的第一性原理计算

采用基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论赝势平面波方法,对LiGaX₂(X=S, Se, Te)的能带结构、态密度、光学以及弹性性质进行了理论计算. 能带结构计算表明LiGaS₂ 的禁带宽度为4.146 eV, LiGaSe₂ 的禁带宽度为3.301 eV, LiGaTe₂ 的禁带宽度为2.306 eV; 其价带主要由Ga-4p 层电子和X- np 层电子的能态密度决定; 同时也对LiGaX< 关键词： 电子结构 光学性质 弹性性质 LGX     

Co掺杂BiFeO3的第一性原理研究

采用密度泛函理论结合投影缀加波（PAW）方法,研究了具有钙钛矿结构的BiFeO₃材料及对BiFeO₃进行B位Co元素替代掺杂得到的BiFe_075Co_025O₃材料的磁结构、电子结构、能带结构.结果表明：Co的掺入不破坏原有的钙钛矿结构,对材料铁电性影响不大;掺杂导致原有的G型反铁磁序发生变化,形成了亚铁磁序的磁结构,材料的铁磁性有了很大提高;然而,Co杂质的掺入使材料的绝缘性有所减弱. 关键词： 第一性原理计算 3')" href="#">Co掺杂BiFeO₃ 铁磁性     

LuI3 闪烁晶体的第一性原理研究

采用基于第一性原理的赝势和平面波方法计算了新型闪烁晶体基质材料 LuI₃的结构特性和电子特性. 计算结果表明: -4.4 eV附近有一个宽度约为0.2 eV的窄带, 主要是Lu的4f态; -3.55–0 eV之间的态组成了价带, 这主要是I的5p态; 2.44–12.35 eV之间的态组成了LuI₃的导带, 这主要来源于Lu的5d态, 其中还含有少量的Lu的6s态的贡献. 在-3.46 eV处, Lu的6s态、4f态和I的5p态同时出现了尖峰, 说明相邻的Lu原子的6s态, 4f态与I原子的5p态之间的相互作用强, 出现了杂化峰. 估算出LuI₃晶体的理论光产额约为100000 ph/MeV, 主要得益于LuI₃合适的带隙和能带结构. 关键词： 3')" href="#">LuI₃ 第一性原理 电子结构     

OsSi2电子结构和光学性质的研究

采用基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论赝势平面波方法,对正交相OsSi₂的电子结构、态密度和光学性质进行了理论计算,能带结构计算表明它是一种间接带隙半导体,禁带宽度为0813 eV;其价带主要由Os的5d和Si的3p态电子构成;导带主要由Si的3s,3p以及Os的5d态电子构成;静态介电常数ε₁（0）=1543; 折射率n＝393并利用计算的能带结构和态密度分析了OsSi₂的介电函数、吸收系数、折射率、反射率、 关键词： 2')" href="#">OsSi₂ 第一性原理 电子结构 光学性质     

H掺杂α-Fe2O3的第一性原理研究

α-Fe₂O₃是一种重要的磁性半导体材料, 在电子器件中应用广泛, 具有重要的研究意义. 本文基于密度泛函理论, 采用GGA+U方法, 应用第一性原理对间隙H掺杂前后的六方相α-Fe₂O₃的晶格常数、态密度、Bader 电荷分布进行了计算分析. 研究了U值对结果的影响, 发现U=6 eV时, 体相α-Fe₂O₃的晶胞平衡体积、Fe原子磁矩、带隙值与实验值最符合. 在选取合适U值后, 第一性原理计算结果表明, H掺杂后, 间隙H部分被氧化, 其最近邻的Fe 和O部分被还原, H和O有一定程度的成键. 在费米面附近, 出现了新的杂化能级, 杂化能级扩展了价带顶的宽度, 同时导带底下移, 引起带隙减小, 表明H掺杂是一种有效的能带结构调控方法.     

ReSi1.75电子结构的第一性原理研究

基于第一性原理全势线性缀加平面波方法和局域密度近似(LDA)，对ReSi_1.75的基态晶格属性进行了研究. 结构优化的结果表明，ReSi_1.75的基态平衡晶格常数比实验值小约0.6%. 在LDA计算基础上，考虑局域的Re的d电子库仑作用，用LDA+U方法计算了ReSi_1.75的电子结构，发现当U_eff=U-J=4.4eV时，能带结构呈半导体性质. 具有0.12eV 关键词： 1.75')" href="#">ReSi_1.75 局域密度近似 自相互修正作用 电子结构     

Anisotropy of the electrical conductivity in W-type hexagonal ferrites BaFe18O27 and BaCo2Fe16O27 from first principles

The electronic ground structure and the anisotropy of the electrical conductivity in W-type hexagonal ferrite BaFe₁₈O₂₇ and BaCo₂Fe₁₆O₂₇ have been investigated using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) plus Hubbard U (GGA+U) calculation. In BaFe₁₈O₂₇, because of the presence of mixed valence states at Fe 6g sites, a half metallic peak appears in energy gap and it results in an “electrical conductive layer”. Using a model in which Fe at 6g sites is assumed to be partially replaced by Co, the electronic ground structure of BaCo₂Fe₁₆O₂₇ and the origin of the electrical conductive anisotropy have been studied. Replacement of Fe at 6g site of BaFe₁₈O₂₇ by Co causes the mixed valence states of Fe cations at 6g sites to vanish and the carrier density to lower. Also, it is shown that effective mass of carrier along c axis is much heavier than that perpendicular to c axis in both of materials from electronic energy band calculation. This is the reason why the electrical resistivities of both materials along c axis are much higher than that perpendicular to axis.     

Al掺杂的尖晶石型LiMn2O4的结构和电子性质

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法, 在广义梯度近似(GGA)和GGA+U方法下对尖晶石型LiMn₂O₄及其Al掺杂 的尖晶石型LiAl_0.125Mn_1.875O₄晶体的结构和电子性质进行了计算. 结果表明: 采用GGA方法得到尖晶石型LiMn₂O₄是立方晶系结构, 其中的Mn离子为+3.5价, 无法解释它的Jahn-Teller 畸变. 给出的LiMn₂O₄能带结构特征也与实验结果不符. 而采用GGA+U方法得到在低温下的LiMn₂O₄和其掺杂 体系LiAl_0.125Mn_1.875O₄的晶体都是正交结构, 与实验一致. 也能明确地确定Mn的两种价态Mn³⁺/Mn⁴⁺的分布并且能够说明Mn³⁺O₆的z方向有明显的Jahn-Teller 畸变, 而Mn⁴⁺O₆则没有畸变. LiMn₂O₄的能带结构与实验比较也能够符合. 采用GGA+U方法对Al掺杂体系的LiAl_0.125Mn_1.875O₄的研究表明, 用Al替换一个Mn不会明显地改变晶体的电子性质, 但可以有效地消除Al³⁺O₆ 八面体的Jahn-Teller畸变, 从而改善正极材料LiMn₂O₄的性能, 这与电化学实验的观察结果相一致.     

Ionic conductivity in tysonite-type solid solutions La1−xBaxF3−x

The ionic conductivity of single crystals of tysonite-type solid solutions La_1?xBa_xF_3?x(0?x?0.095) has been studied parallel and perpendicular to the crystallographic c axis in the temperature range 293–1300 K. Three regions can be discerned in the compositional dependence of the ionic conductivity: (i) the “pure” crystal, in which at room temperature no exchange occurs between different types of anion sites in the tysonite structure; (ii) an intermediate region(0 < x < 7 × 10^-2) which reveals changes in both the conductivity activation enthalpy and the magnitude of the conductivity; (iii) a concentrated solid-solution region (x > 7 × 10^-2), where fluoride ions interchange easily among the different anion sublattices. Diffusion coefficients calculated from ionic conductivity results, are in good agreement with those calculated from ¹⁹F NMR measurements. Using the present data, along with ¹⁹F NMR data, dielectric relaxation data and structural considerations, mechanisms governing the ionic conductivity are proposed.     

The c-axis fluctuation conductivity in layered superconductors in a strong electric field under a magnetic field

The effect of a high electric field on the c-axis fluctuation conductivity in layered superconductors near the superconducting transition is investigated by the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation. The c-axis fluctuation conductivity is calculated in self-consistent Gaussian approximation for an arbitrarily strong electric field and a magnetic field perpendicular to the layers. Our results include all Landau levels and have refined analytical form. The results in linear response are in good agreement with the experimental data in a wide region around T _c in high T _c superconductor. We also show that high electric fields can be effectively used to suppress the c-axis fluctuation conductivity in high-temperature superconductors.     

The mixed conductor properties of AgCrS2

A reinvestigation of the mixed conductivity of AgCrS₂ shows that the ionic conductivity increases from 3 × 10^-5 (Ω-cm)^-1 at 25°C to 0.3 (Ω-cm)^-1 just above the order-disorder transition temperature of 400°C, whereas the electronic part is much smaller. Structural evidence is presented, that a fraction of the silver ions occupy off-site octahedral positions in the disordered phase.     

KCrF3中的轨道有序及其成因

强关联体系中的轨道有序及其成因一直是凝聚态物理研究的热点问题.轨道有序对于巨磁阻和 超导材料的研究有非常重要的地位.利用第一性原理计算研究了KCrF₃的四方相和立方相中的轨道有序 及其成因.在四方相中, GGA和GGA+U两种方法计算结果都表明其基态是A型反铁磁和G型轨道有序. 对于立方结构, GGA方法得出铁磁半金属态是基态,而GGA+U(U_eff = 3.0 eV)得到的基态是A型 反铁磁绝缘体. 光电导测量是少数能从实验上观察到轨道有序的方法之一,因此计算了其光电导,并结合投影态密度讨论 了KCrF₃中的轨道有序.最后找到了其轨道有序的成因:电子强关联效应,而非电-声子相互作用是其 轨道 有序的物理根源.     

Hysteretic magnetic moment of YBa2Cu3O7?δ: An angular study

The hysteretic magnetization of an YBa₂Cu₃O_7−δ crystal containing a high density of Y₂BaCuO_x precipitates was investigated by two-axis, quasistatic, de magnetometry. As the eff-axis applied magnetic fieldH was increased and the magnetization magnitude, decreased, its orientation approached a direction near the crystallinec axis. The bulk persistent currentsJ _p predominately flowed parallel to the Cu−O planes for a wide range of temperature and applied field. Even forH almost perpendicular toc, where the deduced irreversibility line maximized as commonly observed, the resulting magnetization was observed to be within 15° of [001]. Managed by Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corp, under contract AC05-96OR22464 with the U. S. Dept. of Energy.     

Transport properties of a and c axis oriented (Y1?xCax)Ba2Cu3Oy thin films

Anisotropy and Hall effect measurements have been performed in calcium-doped, i.e., overdoped YBa₂Cu₃O_y ((Y_1−xCa_x)Ba₂Cu₃O_y) thin films witha andc axis orientations. In highly overdoped films (x=0.4), the anisotropy of the normal resistivity decreases and a drastic change in Hall conductivity in the mixed state is observed. The change in Hall conductivity in the overdoped region is consistent with recent experimental results for La_2−xSr_xCuO₄ films and seems to be common in highT _c superconductors.     

Structural,electronic and magnetic properties of the double perovskite Pb2FeReO6

The structural, electronic and magnetic properties of the double perovskite Pb₂FeReO₆ have been studied by using the first-principles projector augmented wave (PAW) potential within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) as well as taking into account the on-site Coulomb repulsive and exchange coupling interactions (GGA+U). The optimized crystal structure of the Pb₂FeReO₆ is a body-centered tetragonal (BCT) with a space group of I4/m and the lattice constants of a=b=5.59 Å and c=7.93 Å, consistent with the experimental results. The two axial transition metal and oxygen (TM–O) distances are slightly larger than the four equatorial TM–O distances and shows the existence of the Jahn–Teller structural distortion in FeO₆ and ReO₆ octahedra. The Fe³⁺ and Re⁵⁺ ions are in the states (3d⁵, S=5/2) and (5d², S=1) with magnetic moments 3.929 and −0.831μ_B respectively and thus antiferromagnetic (AFM) coupling via oxygen between them. The half-metallic (HM) ferromagnetic (FM) nature implies a potential application of this new compound in magnetoelectronic and spintronics devices.     

非晶态离子导体Li2B2O4晶化前期的离子导电性

本文研究了非晶态离子导体Li₂B₂O₄的离子电导率与温度的关系,特别着重于晶化前期的离子迁移特性。当温度低于T_K(≈310℃)时,离子电导率遵从Arrhenius关系。当高于晶化温度(≈411℃)时,以晶态中的离子迁移为主。在T_kc时,电导率偏离热激活机制呈反常增高。我们把这一过程称为晶化前期过程。可以用自由体积模型进行描述。晶化前期又可分为两部分:当温度低于、T_p(≈380℃)时,由于自由体积的重新分布,导致了电导率的增高;当T>T_p时,出现了少量微晶,但晶化量小于5%,由于非晶母体与微晶之间的界面效应使得离子导电性显著增强。可以通过室温淬火,把晶化前期非晶态的状态保持到室温,从而有可能制备出离子电导率高于纯非晶态的材料。 关键词：