WBEPM理论下锡原子受扰Rydberg系列能级和量子数亏损计算

在最弱受约束电子势模型理论下,通过研究量子数亏损 与 之间的变化规律,确定了SnⅠ原子的 和 两个系列的六个外来微扰谱项的能级.在考虑了这些外来微扰项影响的基础上,计算了这两个受扰Rydberg系列的量子数亏损与能级.计算结果与实验值符合较好,相对误差小于3.63E-05,达到了很高的精确度,依此外推的能级数据具有较高的可信度.     

WBEPM下PbⅠ原子JJ耦合Rydberg态能级研究

在最弱受约束电子势模型理论框架下,利用Martin公式研究了PbⅠ原子在JJ耦合下的Rydberg系列能级,计算了6pnd1/2[5/2]3(n≥6)和6png1/2[5/2]3(n≥5)两个光谱系列的能级和量子亏损值,结果与实验值符合较好,最大相对误差小于0.032%.表明该方法对jj耦合下的能级计算也是合适的.     

铍原子1 s 22 pnd 1 P01(n=3-50)双激发态能级的计算

依据最弱受约束电子势模型及其微扰修正理论,计算了铍原子1s22pnd1P01(n=3～50)双激发态系列能级和量子亏损.计算结果与已有的实验结果符合得很好.     

铍原子1s22pnd 1Po1 (n=3-50)双激发态能级的计算

依据最弱受约束电子势模型及其微扰修正理论,计算了铍原子1s22pnd 1Po1 (n=3-50)双激发态系列能级和量子亏损。计算结果与已有的实验结果符合得很好。     

碳原子里德堡能级的计算

依据最弱受约束电子势模型及其微扰修正理论,计算了碳原子1s22s22pns 3P02,1,0 (n=3-50) 和1s22s22pnd 3F03,2 (n=3-50)里德堡系列能级和量子亏损。计算结果与已有的实验结果符合得很好。     

铍原子里德堡能级的计算

依据最弱受约束电子势模型及其微扰修正理论,计算了铍原子1s22sns 1S0(n=3-50) 、1s22snp 1P01 (n=3-50) 和1s22snd 1D2(n=3-50)里德堡系列能级和量子亏损。计算结果与已有的实验结果符合得很好。     

在均匀强磁场中氢原子塞曼效应久期方程的简化公式

在均匀强磁场中,当氢原子的哈密顿量中B2项不能忽略时,氢原子的库仑场对称性遭到破坏,能级简并被全部解除.在应用变分法和数值法计算氢原子的能级过程中,计算十分复杂,而应用微扰法求解氢原子的能级,存在解久期方程的n2高阶行列式的困难.本文应用简并态微扰理论和球谐函数的性质,得到久期方程中非零微扰矩阵元普遍表达式.根据非零微扰矩阵元普遍表达式的性质,可以将氢原子塞曼效应久期方程的n2高阶行列式分解成1阶到n阶共n个低阶行列式的乘积,得到氢原子塞曼效应久期方程的简化公式,使得求解均匀强磁场中氢原子塞曼效应能级过程简化.而且由该公式可以得到氢原子在低能态时塞曼效应能级的解析解.根据该久期方程的简化公式计算了n=3氢原子塞曼效应一级近似能级.     

在WBEPM理论下EuⅠ原子里德堡能级计算(英文)

依据最弱受约束电子势模型理论,计算了铕原子4f76snd6D9/2(n≥13)、4f76snd8D9/2(n≥17)、4f76snd8D5/2(n≥15)和4f76snd8D3/2(n≥21)里德堡系列能级.计算结果与实验值的最大相对误差为4×10-5,最大绝对误差是1.91cm-1,达到了较高精度,这表明文中的外推数据是可信的.     

最弱受约束电子势模型下Fe ΧⅥ离子Rydberg态能级的研究

在最弱受约束电子势模型的理论框架下,通过对最弱受约束电子的识别,将Martin关于单价原子量子亏损公式推广到多价原子(离子)系统,从而计算了Fe ΧⅥ离子的2p6np2P°1/2,3/2(n≥3)和2p6nd2D3/2,5/2(n≥3)系列Rydberg态的能级,理论计算值与实验值符合很好,两者的相对误差不超过3.02×10-5,达到了很高的精度.     

钠原子主线系精细结构的多体微扰计算

在相对论的框架下采用多体微扰理论(MBPT)方法计算了纳原子 np(n=3—9)态的能级精细结构分裂值. 为避免多体微扰计算中需要计算大量连续态的困扰, 通过引入外势的方法可以构建离散、有限和近似完备的数值基函数. 经求解相对论Hartree-Fock (RHF)方程及外势作用下的RHF方程可获得零级近似波函数和能级值. 为了使微扰展开能够收敛, 计算中用到了轨道角量子数l≤ 6的在一定能量分布范围内的中间态, 其中以在外势作用下的收缩态为主. 依此方法计算了纳原子主线系系列能级二阶微扰修正值, 同时还考虑了Breit效应的一级微扰修正对精细结构的影响. 通过与其他理论计算结果比较可看出, 本文计算结果在较大程度上更接近于实验值.     

Relativistic Multichannel Treatment of Ionic Rydberg States of Lanthanum

Ionic Rydberg energy levels of lanthanum are calculated from first principles by relativistic multichannel theory within the framework of multichannel quantum defect theory. The present calculated results are in better agreement with the experimental measurements than the previous calculations [J. Phys. B 34 （2001）369] due to the consideration of dynamical polarizations. Moreover, in the experimental spectra achieved by a five-laser resonance excitation via the intermediate state 5d6d^3 F2, a series of weak ionic Rydberg states and some of perturbing states are found and assigned in this work.     

钠分子里德堡能级的无多普勒加宽光光三共振光谱以及能级宽度和谱线位移

首次报道了钠分子一系列里德堡能级的无多普勒加宽光光三共振（ＤＦ－ＯＯＴＲ）激发荧光光谱，测量了其谱线宽度和其谱线位置随温度、外加气体压力的变化情况。结果表明，钠分子里德堡能级（ｎ＝５～８）的自然宽度（含均匀加宽）在６０～１３０ＭＨｚ之间，其大小主要与主量子数ｎ有关。随钠原子浓度增大（温度升高），或外加Ａｒ气压力增大时，钢分子各个里德堡能级谱线均出现红移，数量在１００ＭＨｚ／τ之内，但位移速率大小不一。     

Investigation of the 6p 2(3 P 0)n p Rydberg series of bismuth by multiphoton excitation

Rydberg states of the odd-parity series 6p ²(³ p ₀)n p of BiI are excited by a three-photon process. A two-photon dissociation of Bi₂ into excited atomic states followed by a one-photon absorption leads to highly excited atomic Rydberg states up ton = 32. States of the even-parity Rydberg series 6p ²(³ p ₀)nsJ=1/2,ndJ=3/2 andndJ=5/2 are also observed. In order to avoid the background caused by ionization of the bismuth molecules we performed a two-color excitation with pulsed dye lasers. With this experiment the 6p ²(³ p ₀)npJ=3/2 Rydberg series could be resolved up ton=75. The increasing quantum defect of this series is due to a perturbing state close to the first ionization limit. By a MQDT analysis we obtain the energy of the perturbing state and a value of 58,761.68±0.1 cm^?1 for the first ionization limit of atomic bismuth.     

Rydberg series of alkaline-earth atoms Ca through Ba. the interplay of laser spectroscopy and multichannel quantum defect analysis

The purpose of this paper is to show how the strong interplay between the laser spectroscopy measurements and theoretical analyses performed using the multichannel quantum defect theory (MQDT) has considerably enlarged our knowledge of Rydberg states if alkaline-earth atoms Ca through Ba. The major motives for the interest in the two-electron systems is the ability to study interacting Rydberg series. The perturbations of principal Rydberg series by doubly-excited states are reflected not only on the level structure but also in various observable quantities such as oscillator strenghts, lifetimes, hyperfine structure, isotope shifts, Landé factors. The MQDT is a powerful tool for studying the mutual interaction of perturbing series but sometimes energy values represent a too limited data set to derive reliable wavefunctions. Experimental data on observables other than energies are then of prime importance to check or even extend MQDT models deduced from energies. A large part of the paper is devoted to the new possibilities offered by high-resolution spectroscopy to analyze state-mixing and thus to probe MQDT wavefunctions. Numerous illustrative examples as well as several prospects for future experimental and theoretical investigations are presented throughout this paper.     

Perturbation of highly excited states of an atom by the field of a neutral particle

Rydberg atom A** states perturbed by the force field of a neutral atom B are examined. The problem is reduced to studying the wave functions of the composite system and elucidating their fundamental differences from the Rydberg wave functions. The wave function of the Rydberg atom A**-atom B system is constructed using the finite-radius potential method with consideration for the short- and long-range interactions of the weakly bound Rydberg electron with the perturbing particle. The Na**-He system is considered as an example.     

Sc原子高激发态理论研究

利用相对论性多通道量子亏损理论计算了Sc的原子里德堡态能级 .计算结果显示 ,由于通道间的相互作用 ,使得光谱非常复杂 ,这与实验测量结果是一致的. The energy levels of Rydberg series of Sc atom have been calculated by Relativistic Multichannel Theory (RMCT). The calculations reveal that the Rydberg spectra are complex due to the channel interactions, which is consistent with the experimental spectra.     

碱金属Li,Na,K,Rb,Cs,Fr的ns2S1/2,np2P1/2,3/2, nd2D3/2,5/2 和nf2F5/2,7/2 里德伯能级理论研究

本文在多通道量子数亏损理论(MQDT)框架下,利用相对论多通道理论(RMCT),分别在冻结实近似、 考虑Δl=-1的偶极极化效应、Δl=+1的偶极极化效应、Δl=± 1的偶极极化效应、伸缩模效应以及同时考虑偶极极化效应和伸缩模效应等不同层次近似下,系统地计算了碱金属Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs和Fr七个里德伯系列的能级,即ns²S_1/2, np²P_1/2, np²P_3/2, nd²D_3/2, nd²D_5/2, nf²F_5/2 和nf²F_7/2.计算结果表明,电子关联效应对碱金属原子的里德伯能级的影响很大.总的来说,偶极极化效应比伸缩模效应重要,而在偶极极化效应中, Δl = + 1的偶极极化效应比Δl = - 1的偶极极化效应重要.但对于Na的ns²S_1/2,(nd²D_3/2,nd²D_5/2)里德伯系列的能级,和Li的(np²P_1/2,np²P_3/2)里德伯系列的能级,是伸缩模效应比较重要.     

Observation of the Dipole Blockade Effect in Detecting Rydberg Atoms by the Selective Field Ionization Method

The dipole blockade effect at laser excitation of mesoscopic ensembles of Rydberg atoms lies in the fact that the excitation of one atom to a Rydberg state blocks the excitation of other atoms due to the shift in the collective energy levels of interacting Rydberg atoms. It is used to obtain the entangled qubit states based on single neutral atoms in optical traps. In this paper, we present our experimental results on the observation of the dipole blockade for mesoscopic ensembles of 1–5 atoms when they are detected by the selective field ionization method. We have investigated the spectra of the three-photon laser excitation 5S1/2 → 5P3/2 → 6S1/2 → nP3/2 of cold Rydberg Rb atoms in a magneto-optical trap. We have found that for mesoscopic ensembles this method allows only a partial dipole blockage to be observed. This is most likely related to the presence of parasitic electric fields reducing the interaction energy of Rydberg atoms, the decrease in the probability of detecting high states, and the strong angular dependence of the interaction energy of Rydberg atoms in a single interaction volume.