拉曼光谱退偏度测量实验的设计及其应用的研究

本文根据拉曼光谱的理论,利用LRS-Ⅲ型激光拉曼光谱仪设计了拉曼光谱退偏度测量的实验,对四氯化碳CCl4退偏度测量的结果与理论计算值吻合;并以苯和环己烷为例,提出了根据拉曼光谱退偏度的测量判断未知物质的分子结构的方法及其在温度、压力等物理条件变化时动态研究分子结构和机理中的应用.     

拉曼光谱退偏度实验数据处理方法改进

针对CCl4拉曼光谱退偏度实验中实验值与理论值间存在偏差较大的问题,提出了利用专业的数据处理软件扣除本底噪声,以提高实验结果的可靠性。分别采用多峰拟合和单峰拟合的方法扣除拉曼光谱的本底,计算分析了退偏度与理论值的偏差。结果表明:多峰拟合时,扣除的是斯托克斯或反斯托克斯3个峰的共同本底,忽略瑞利散射峰对其附近拉曼散射峰影响大的因素,单峰拟合扣除的是每一个拉曼散射峰的本底,使得单峰拟合的光谱强度与实际更接近,退偏度与理论值偏差最小。     

拉曼光谱退偏度实验的设计与研究

为了研究拉曼光谱偏振特性,设计了5种测量拉曼光谱退偏度的实验方案,得到实验和理论相吻合的结果,比较分析了不同实验方案的区别。     

CCl4的激光拉曼光谱研究

研究了4条CCl4斯托克斯激光拉曼光谱,通过对CCl4分子结构及振动模式对称性的分析,设计了一套测量拉曼光谱退偏度的实验方案,将实验结果和理论值进行了比较.     

饮用水激光拉曼光谱的比较与分析

为了对我国目前饮用水的质量进行有效检测,对市面上几种常用品牌的饮用水以及实验室提供的蒸馏水等样品做了测量和计算。运用激光拉曼光谱的分析方法,测量了它们的激光拉曼光谱。同时,通过测量计算了样品在对称伸缩振动处拉曼谱的退偏度。结果表明,在水样品的对称伸缩振动处,其拉曼谱的相对强度大小和退偏度的大小有着相同的规律。对结果进行比较和分析后得出了如下结论：可以从拉曼光谱特征峰相对强度的大小和同一特征峰下退偏度的大小两方面来判断饮用水中矿物质含量的相对多少。为鉴定饮用水的质量提供了新的有效途径。     

苯的激光拉曼光谱研究

采用激光拉曼光谱技术获得了苯的振动拉曼光谱,结合群论分析、退偏度测量和相关文献对其中8条拉曼谱线进行了分析.1550～1650cm-1区间内的两条谱线是由于费米共振而形成的.     

CCl4喇曼光谱退偏度在超声空化作用下的变化研究

本文测量了在超声空化作用下CCl4喇曼光谱退偏度的变化，通过假设超声空化拉长了样品的分子轴，解释了超声空化使所测样品的退偏度减小这一实验现象，并指出不同振动谱线的退偏度变化不同。     

偏振拉曼光谱在研究分子空间构象中的应用

偏振拉曼光谱是拉曼光谱中的一种,所有的激发光源和收集的散射光都有确定的偏振方向,不同方向的偏振光检测到样品的特点不同。因此,偏振拉曼光谱在表征样品时,一定要注意偏振方向的选取,以保证样品检测的准确性。文中主要以四氯化碳(CCl₄)分子为主要研究对象,通过对其退偏度的计算,推测CCl₄的振动方式。所计算的理论值,与实验值相差不大,证明了实验的准确性,同时也说明了偏振拉曼光谱的方向性。     

气相二氧化碳分子拉曼退偏比的准确测量

利用灵敏的光声拉曼光谱技术对气相二氧化碳分子在1240～1430 cm^-1振动光谱的拉曼退偏比进行了测量. 通过测量并拟合光声拉曼信号强度随两束入射光偏振方向夹角的变化,得到了比文献报道中更为精确的退偏比数据.     

四氢呋喃（THF）非共振拉曼光谱中反对称散射的贡献

研究了四氢呋喃（ＴＨＦ）非共振拉曼光谱中反对称散射的贡献。在测量ＴＨＦ的非共振拉曼带的退偏比时发现，准转动式环折迭振动带及其组合带υ１６和υ１７虽是全对称振型，但其退偏比ρ约０．７５，远大于其它普通全对称振动带的退偏比。从时间反演对称性和空间对称性分析证明，反对称极化率张量不为零，进一步估计其大小比对称部分小一个量级（或同量级）。反对称散射的重要贡献是υ１６、υ１７振动带大退偏比的重要原因。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.