原子吸收光谱法测定冬凌草中的矿物元素

用原子吸收光谱法测定冬凌草中影响人体健康的8种矿物元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg、Se和Pb的含量。样品经硝酸-高氯酸消解后,采用偏振塞曼效应扣除背景吸收,用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测积分吸收测定冬凌草中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca和Mg的含量,用石墨炉程序升温原子吸收光谱法检测峰值吸收测定Se和Pb含量。测定结果显示:该方法的精密度RSD为1.22%—5.64%;加标回收率为95.0%—110.5%;8种矿物元素的检出限(P=95%,α=0.5)分别为Cu0.034、Zn0.0028、Fe0.031、Mn0.110、Ca0.367、Mg0.132mg·mL-1,Pb1.40μg.L-1和Se1.86μg.L-1。该方法简便快速、灵敏、准确,适用于中药冬凌草中矿物元素含量的测定。     

大黄鱼肌肉中7种金属元素的原子吸收光谱分析

采用干法分解样品,应用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了大黄鱼肌肉中、Ca、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Cd、Pb的含量。研究了不同元素的仪器最佳工作条件、方法的准确度和精密度。在选定的实验条件下,大黄鱼中各元素间相互不干扰,可在同一份制备液中进行7种元素的分别测定。结果表明,大黄鱼肌肉中Ca、Cu、Zn、Fe和Mn含量分别为303.36、1.51、21.98、164.33、1.33μg/g,Cd、Pb未检出。方法加标回收率为93.9%—104.0%,相对标准偏差（n=8）为1.1%—2.5%,测定方法简单易行,方便快捷,结果可靠。     

不等流速络合法流动注射预富集火焰原子吸收测定自来水中的铅

建立了一种环保、高效、简便的不等流速络合法流动注射与火焰原子吸收联用测定自来水中痕量铅的新方法。通过调节样品溶液和络合剂的流速,即增大样品溶液流速,减小络合剂(吡咯啶二硫代氨基甲酸铵：APDC)流速,从而增大了浓集系数,提高了富集效率,和传统等量络合法相比,富集倍数大大提高。样品进样流速10.4 mL·min-1 ,进样时间60 s,Pb的浓集系数由传统方法的30达到59,检测限为5.6 μg·L-1,样品输出为40·h-1。0.5 mg·L-1Pb2+的相对标准偏差(n=11)为2.1%。Pb2+在自来水中的回收率范围为98.5%到102%。此法用于自来水中痕量Pb的测定,获得了满意的结果。     

流动注射在线吸附预富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定鸵鸟肉中的微量硒

以香烟过滤嘴为微柱吸附材料,建立了流动注射(FI)在线预富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)联用技术测定鸵鸟肉中微量硒。在最佳的仪器工作条件下,硒的增敏因子为4.7,检出限为0.0017μg/mL,相关系数r为0.9987。方法用于鸵鸟肉中微量硒的测定,RSD=2.47%,加标平均回收率99%—101%。     

流动注射在线分离富集火焰原子吸收法快速顺序测定环境样品中六种元素

本文采用双柱富集的在线分离富集系统与 2 2 0FS顺序多元素原子吸收分光光度计联用 ,以PT C18色谱预处理柱为预富集柱 ,二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠 (DDTC)和吡咯啶二硫代氨基甲酸铵 (APDC)混合物为螯合剂 ,甲醇为洗脱剂 ,首次实现了Cu ,Pb,Cd ,Co ,Ni,Mn六种元素的快速同时测定。富集倍数为 10 2～ 2 1 7之间。34s富集 (4 4 0mL)的检出限分别为Cu 2 91,Pb 5 81,Cd 0 35 ,Co 3 6 1,Ni4 0 5和Mn 1 94 μg·L-1,相对标准偏差分别为Cu 2 6 4 % ,Pb 2 93% ,Cd 2 5 9% ,Co 2 5 7% ,Ni 2 78%和Mn 3 6 8%。该方法操作简便、快速 ,用于环境样品中痕量元素的测定 ,得到了满意的结果。     

微波消解-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定川牛膝中的6种微量元素

建立火焰原子吸收光谱法测定凉山牛膝中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn元素含量的方法。用浓硝酸微波消解样品,采用校准曲线法测定。凉山牛膝中含有Ca 7.67mg/g,Mg 1.07mg/g,Fe 0.243mg/g,Zn 0.0425mg/g,Cu 0.00549mg/g,Mn 0.0826mg/g。RSD为1.8%—4.8%,回收率为96%—107%。方法简单、准确,结果令人满意。     

流动注射在线离子交换火焰原子吸收法测定钢铁和合金中钡

用流动注射在线离子交换技术对Ba^2＋进行富集，用EDTA作掩蔽剂消除Fe^3 ,Al^3 等离子的干扰，火焰原子吸收法测定钢铁和钡合金中微量钡。方法的测定范围为10－100μg.mL^-1，增样频率为14样品.h^-1。得到了满意的结果。     

ICP-AES同时测定钼矿石中多种元素

采用碱熔酸化和ICP-AES同时测定钼矿石样品中Mo、SiO2、P2O5、CaO、Fe2O3、S、Cu、Pb、Zn、Sn、As等多种元素,检出限分别为0.1μg/g、0.005%、0.03%、0.003%、0.001%、5μg/g、0.5μg/g、0.7μg/g、0.3μg/g、1.5μg/g、1μg/g;RSD为1.2%-3.8%.该法准确,快速,简便,结果令人满意.     

火焰原子吸收法测定栽培柴胡中六种金属元素含量的研究

采用浓硝酸-高氯酸(V:V=4:1)常压微沸条件下消解柴胡样品,应用火焰原子吸收法测定栽培柴胡中的金属元素Ca,Mg,Fe,Cu,Zn,Pb的含量.研究了测定不同元素的仪器最佳工作条件及溶液介质对测定结果的影响,并做了方法的准确性和精密度考察.结果表明,栽培柴胡中Ca,Mg,Fe,Cu,Zn的含量分别为5 588.9,1 790.5,869.3,78.4,44.3μg·g-1,Pb未检出.方法的加标回收率为99.57%～102.10%,相对标准偏差(n=9)为0.18%～2.26%.测定方法简单易行,方便快捷,结果可靠.     

FAAS测定辣椒中的微量金属元素

采用灰化法处理样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了辣椒中Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Mg、Ca、Na元素的含量。结果显示辣椒中这几种元素的含量分别是176.0、26.8、47.2、36.1、1646.7、163.5、1022.4μg/g,RSD为0.3%—3.8%;并分别测定了辣椒籽、皮中这些元素的含量;加标回收率在95.0%—108.1%之间。火焰原子吸收光谱法可以简便、准确地实现辣椒中微量元素的测定。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.