铌酸钡钠晶体中铁弹相变的实时观察

用锥光干涉图实时观察铌酸钡钠(BNN)晶体中的铁弹相变,实验表明从室温至300℃范围内相变是连续变化的,且呈弥散型转变,较快的区域在250±20℃范围内,升、降温曲线存在热滞约20—40℃,在相变过程中实时观察到孪晶(铁弹畴)的消失和再现均与相变同步,还发现孪晶的存在对相变转折点T_s有很大影响,它使T_s降低,热滞变大,缺陷和局域的组份不均匀是造成相变弥散型的主要原因。 关键词：     

嵌埋Ni颗粒的BaTiO_3/SrTiO_3薄膜的相变特性

采用高温X射线原位衍射和变温介电谱对SrTiO3基底上外延生长的BaTiO3(嵌埋Ni颗粒)薄膜进行了相变特性分析。从X射线衍射和介电谱的分析结果得出,BaTiO3的相变温度点转变为弥散的温度区间。在这个弥散的相变温度区间内,由于基底和薄膜之间的失配,以及嵌埋Ni颗粒的应力作用,薄膜的介电响应弥散剧烈,并偏离德拜弛豫。分析Cole-Cole图获知,BaTiO3薄膜在四方相转变为立方相的相变过程中同时存在几种极化机制,在高温状态下介电损耗随温度增大而增大。降温过程中,薄膜没有立即恢复四方相,可能是基底和Ni颗粒的共同作用影响了相变弛豫。     

核物质中的力学和化学不稳定性

用有效的手征模型和Brown-Rho标度在相对论平均场近似下研究在有限温度下的核物质,再现了核物质的基本性质,计算热力学系统的力学和化学不稳定性,得到相变图.     

Fractal空间上自迴避行走的吸收问题

本文运用严格重整化群理论研究了两种Fractal空间上自迴避行走的吸收问题。计算所得的交跨指数φ和相关长度指数ν的严格解结果表明,de Gennes的推测公式φ=1—ν并不成立。相变流图与欧几里德空间中相应问题的流图定性相同。唯一而重要的差别在于Fractal空间中的吸收相变在无穷小吸收作用的硬壁影响下就可发生,而在欧几里德空间只是在一定大小的吸收作用下才会发生。 关键词：     

LaAlO3晶体中相变与缺陷研究

从室温到800℃范围内用锥光干涉图实时观察LaAlO_3晶体中的相变,发现在560℃存在由三角相转变为立方相的相变,并由X射线衍射法得到证实,同时对孪晶的形态,畴区的结晶学取向规律,孪晶的密集度以及畴和包裹体的双折射像在Tc附近的变化规律进行了系统的研究。     

相对论性流体力学方程组的数值解法

本文叙述了用有限差分方法求解相对论性流体力学方程组的数值解的方法,给出了差分格式推导的详细步骤及处理含有相变问题的求解方法,并给出了若干具体问题的解的图象。     

激光器件 其他

TN248 2005053347 半导体致冷复合相变硅镜光照热有限元模拟=Finite ele- ment simulating about laser radiation of semiconductor- cooled composite phase change silicon mirrot[刊,中]／刘倚 红(华中科技大学激光技术国家重点实验室．湖北,武汉 (430074)),余文峰…∥激光技术．-2005,29(1)．-9-10,17 为克服高能激光用相变致冷镜两次出光时间间隔长 的缺点,设计了一种新型半导体致冷复合相变硅镜,并采 用ANSYS有限元程度模拟了实心硅镜、相变镜和半导体 致冷镜的光照热行为。由最大温度-时间曲线可知,在净 吸收热量为100W、环境温度为20℃,制冷量为25W时, 半导体致冷复合相变硅镜只需5s就可使镜体的温度和弹 性变形恢复至初始形态。图3表1参4(杨妹清)     

LaAlO3晶体中相变与缺陷研究

从室温到800℃范围内用锥光干涉图实时观察LaAlO₃晶体中的相变,发现在560℃存在由三角相转变为立方相的相变,并由X射线衍射法得到证实,同时对孪晶的形态,畴区的结晶学取向规律,孪晶的密集度以及畴和包裹体的双折射像在T_c附近的变化规律进行了系统的研究。 关键词：     

新型AgInSbTe相变薄膜的光学及记录性能

利用直流磁控溅射法制备了一种新型AgInSbTe相变薄膜。示差扫描量热(DSC)实验测定的结晶峰温度为193．92℃。X射线衍射(XRD)表明未经热处理的沉积态薄膜是非晶态,而经过200℃热处理,X射线衍射图出现衍射峰,薄膜从非晶态转变到晶态。同时,研究了晶态和非晶态相变薄膜的吸收率、透射率和反射率随波长的变化。测定了650nm激光作用下的相变薄膜的记录性能,分析了记录功率、记录脉宽对薄膜反射率衬比度的影响,在同一记录脉宽条件下,记录功率越大,反射率衬比度也越大;在同一记录功率条件下,随记录脉宽的增加,反射率衬比度也增大。结果表明,新型AgInSbTe相变薄膜在激光作用下具有较高的反射率衬比度,可获得良好的记录性能。     

微胶囊相变蓄能技术研究现状与进展

微胶囊相变材料是一种新型的复合相变蓄能材料。文中介绍了微胶囊相变蓄能材料的性质,着重阐述了微胶囊相变蓄能材料的制备方法,并分析了微胶囊相变蓄能材料在工业领域的应用,总结了微胶囊相变蓄能材料的发展趋势。     

On the critical behavior of the Ising model with mixed two- and three-spin interactions

A study is made of a two-dimensional Ising model with staggered three-spin interactions in one direction and two-spin interactions in the other. The phase diagram of the model and its critical behavior are explored by conventional finite-size scaling and by exploiting relations between mass gap amplitudes and critical exponents predicted by conformal invariance. The model is found to exhibit a line of continuously varying critical exponents, which bifurcates into two Ising critical lines. This similarity of the model with the Ashkin-Teller model leads to a conjecture for the exact critical indices along the nonuniversal critical curve. Earlier contradictions about the universality class of the uniform (isotropic) case of the model are clarified.     

Study of critical properties of the frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a triangular lattice

The replica Monte Carlo method has been applied to study critical properties of the three-dimensional frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a layered triangular lattice. Magnetic and chiral critical exponents for this model have been calculated within the finite-size scaling theory. The data for this model have been analyzed for the first time taking into account corrections to scaling. It has been shown that the critical behavior of the frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice differs from the critical behavior of the pure Heisenberg model and is independent of the type of interlayer exchange interaction.     

Critical behavior of a dynamical percolation model

The critical behavior of the dynamical percolation model, which realizes the molecular-aggregation conception and describes the crossover between the hadronic phase and the partonic phase, is studied in detail. The critical percolation distance for this model is obtained by using the probability P∞ of the appearance of an infinite cluster. Utilizing the finite-size scaling method the critical exponents γ/v and T are extracted from the distribution of the average cluster size and cluster number density. The influences of two model related factors, I.e. The maximum bond number and the definition of the infinite cluster, on the critical behavior are found to be small.     

A theoretical model for the angular dependence of the critical current of BSCCO/Ag tapes

A theoretical model describing the angular dependence of critical current was proposed based on the critical state model and the effective mass theory. The critical currents of single-tape and a stack of three BSCCO/Ag tapes were measured under DC magnetic fields with different orientations and strength. The comparison of the theoretical and experimental results is presented.     

Critical behavior of three-state Potts model on decagonal covering quasilattice

The three-state Potts model on a 2D decagonal covering quasilattice is investigated by means of the Monte Carlo simulation. The periodic boundary conditions are realized on a rhombus-like covering pattern. By use of the finite-size scaling analysis, we obtain the critical temperature and the critical exponents. The critical temperature is higher than that of the square lattice mainly due to the larger mean coordination number of the covering model. The critical exponents are close to the corresponding values of the 2D periodic lattices, which means that the Potts model on the covering structure may belong to the same universal class as that of the periodic lattices.     

Computer simulation of the critical behavior of 3D disordered ising model

The critical behavior of the disordered ferromagnetic Ising model is studied numerically by the Monte Carlo method in a wide range of variation of concentration of nonmagnetic impurity atoms. The temperature dependences of correlation length and magnetic susceptibility are determined for samples with various spin concentrations and various linear sizes. The finite-size scaling technique is used for obtaining scaling functions for these quantities, which exhibit a universal behavior in the critical region; the critical temperatures and static critical exponents are also determined using scaling corrections. On the basis of variation of the scaling functions and values of critical exponents upon a change in the concentration, the conclusion is drawn concerning the existence of two universal classes of the critical behavior of the diluted Ising model with different characteristics for weakly and strongly disordered systems.     

Multicritical behavior at the kosterlitz-thouless critical point

A multicritical critical point for the two dimensional planar model is analyzed by studying an exactly soluable limit of a related model—the generalized Villain model. The statistical mechanics of this model is written in terms of vortex and symmetry breaking excitations. In these terms, the problem reduces to a kind of two dimensional problem with interacting electric charges and magnetic monopoles. In this form, the problem is manifestly self-dual. The multicritical behavior is exhibited in a three-dimensional phase space in which the axes are the coupling strength of a “square” symmetry breaking which favors four possible directions for the planar model vectors. The analysis of this multicritical point shows that it is the intersection of at least six critical lines—each with continuously varying critical indices. Two of these lines are described by the exactly soluable gaussian model. The other four are isomorphic to one another, and each one has—as a point on the line—a critical point of the Ashkin-Teller model. We argue that each of these lines might be in an equivalent universality class to the line of critical points which occurs in the Baxter and Ashkin-Teller models. We make a suggestion about which point on these critical lines might be in the same universality class as our multicritical point. Correlation functions at the intersection point are calculated and used to develop an expansion of critical indices about this point. This expansion gives a potential method for calculating the critical behavior along the critical lines of the model.     

Critical Behavior of the Gaussian Model with Periodic Interactions on Diamond—Type Hierarchical Lattices in External Magnetic Fields

The Gaussian spin model with periodic interactions on the diamond-type hierarchical lattices is constructed by generalizing that with uniform interactions on translationally invariant lattices according to a class of substitution sequences.The Gaussian distribution constants and imposed external magnetic fields are also periodic depending on the periodic characteristic of the interaction onds.The critical behaviors of this generalized Gaussian model in external magnetic fields are studied by the exact renormalization-group approach and spin rescaling method.The critical points and all the critical exponents are obtained.The critical behaviors are found to be determined by the Gaussian distribution constants and the fractal dimensions of the lattices.When all the Gaussian distribution constants are the same,the dependence of the critical exponents on the dimensions of the lattices is the same as that of the Gaussian model with uniform interactions on translationally invariant lattices.     

三维钻石型等级晶格上量子Heisenberg系统的临界性质

利用重整化群方法,研究了三维钻石型等级晶格上的各向异性量子Heisenberg模型,获得了系统的相图和临界性质. 结果表明:对于铁磁系统,在各向同性Heisenberg极限下,系统存在有限温度的相变,并计算了系统的序参量和临界指数; 对于反铁磁系统,在各向同性Heisenberg极限下,临界温度不等于零,在临界线上不存在重入行为.     

Investigation of the critical properties of the frustrated Heisenberg model on a triangular lattice by the Monte Carlo method

The critical properties of the 3D frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a triangular lattice have been investigated by the replica Monte Carlo method. All main magnetic and chiral critical indices were calculated using the finite-size scaling theory. It is found that the class of universality of the critical behavior of the model studied depends on the type of interplane exchange interaction.