光诱导转化法制备片状三角形银纳米粒子的表面增强喇曼散射

采用柠檬酸三钠化学还原法制备球形Ag纳米粒子溶胶,并用高压球形氙灯对球形Ag纳米粒子溶胶进行光诱导实验.利用透射电子显微镜、紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了不同光照时间下的银胶纳米粒子的光谱特性和表面形貌,并以结晶紫为探针分子测量了银胶纳米粒子的表面增强喇曼散射光谱.实验结果表明:随着光照时间的增多,Ag纳米粒子溶胶颜色变化显著;紫外-可见吸收光谱吸收峰从单一峰渐渐显示出多个峰;透射电子显微镜图显示Ag纳米粒子由球形逐渐转变成片状三角形银纳米粒子、截角的片状三角形银纳米粒子;表面增强喇曼散射的增强效应随着光照时间的变化先逐渐增大,然后逐渐减小.     

海胆状金纳米粒子表面形貌对表面增强喇曼散射特性的影响

采用改进的一步还原法合成了多种海胆状金纳米粒子,并对它们的表面增强喇曼散射特性与其表面形貌的关系进行了实验研究.实验表明,合成的海胆状金纳米粒子的直径及表面的尖刺大小可以通过改变加入到氯金酸溶液中的硝酸银的量来调节.当加入到氯金酸溶液中的硝酸银为1μL时,合成的海胆状金纳米粒子的直径最小而尖刺最长.同时测量的紫外-可见-近红外吸收光谱表明,海胆状金纳米粒子的局域表面等离子体共振带会随着加入到氯金酸溶液中的硝酸银量的增加而变宽.此外,通过喇曼标记分子对巯基苯甲酸(4MBA)的喇曼光谱测量发现,较小直径和较长尖刺的海胆状金纳米粒子具有更强的表面增强喇曼散射活性.     

海胆状金纳米粒子表面形貌对表面增强喇曼散射特性的影响（英文）

采用改进的一步还原法合成了多种海胆状金纳米粒子,并对它们的表面增强喇曼散射特性与其表面形貌的关系进行了实验研究.实验表明,合成的海胆状金纳米粒子的直径及表面的尖刺大小可以通过改变加入到氯金酸溶液中的硝酸银的量来调节.当加入到氯金酸溶液中的硝酸银为1μL时,合成的海胆状金纳米粒子的直径最小而尖刺最长.同时测量的紫外-可见-近红外吸收光谱表明,海胆状金纳米粒子的局域表面等离子体共振带会随着加入到氯金酸溶液中的硝酸银量的增加而变宽.此外,通过喇曼标记分子对巯基苯甲酸(4MBA)的喇曼光谱测量发现,较小直径和较长尖刺的海胆状金纳米粒子具有更强的表面增强喇曼散射活性.     

红细胞内吞银包金纳米颗粒的实时表面增强喇曼研究

研究了结晶紫包裹的银包金纳米粒子进入红细胞的实时过程.利用激光光镊喇曼技术每隔20s通过光镊囚禁红细胞并收集该细胞及邻近溶液的喇曼光谱,抽取光谱中具代表性的特征峰来观察其强度随时间的变化.结果表明:从囚禁的红细胞中收集到的光谱包括了归属红细胞与结晶紫的特征峰.红细胞的光谱特征峰1 001、1 128、1 213cm-1和结晶紫的光谱特征峰915、1 177、1 389、1 586、1 619cm-1的强度随着时间增加,表明在红细胞与纳米粒子共培养的过程中,纳米粒子在红细胞中累积,并引起红细胞信号增强.分析红细胞与其邻近溶液的光谱差,发现归属结晶紫的光谱特征峰913、1 179、1 586cm-1随时间呈类余弦的变化,表明红细胞内的结晶紫包裹的银包金纳米粒子含量先升高后降低再升高.通过计算得到纳米粒子开始进入红细胞的时间范围及进入的速度、被溶酶体降解的速度.研究表明表面增强喇曼技术为研究外物进入细胞提供了新的实验方法和思路.     

二氧化钛/银复合结构的制备和拉曼增强实验

采用了紫外光诱导的方法在二氧化钛纳米杆的表面生长银纳米粒子,将其作为表面增强拉曼散射基底.重点研究紫外光照时间对拉曼灵敏度的影响,制备不同光照时间下二氧化钛纳米杆/银复合结构的样品.利用COMSOL Multiphysics仿真软件计算二氧化钛纳米杆/银复合结构表面的电磁分布和理论增强因子.实验结果表明,紫外光照10 ...     

一种具有较强表面增强喇曼散射效应的纳米银粒子

制备出一种新的纳米银溶胶,与传统银溶胶相比,不仅可见光透过率高,而且还有较强的表面增强喇曼散射(SERS)效应.当阴、阳离子型分子分别吸附于其表面上时,喇曼与传统银胶相比表观增强分别约为400倍、70倍.     

微波加热法快速制备纳米银及其SERS活性研究

将一定浓度的硝酸银及柠檬酸三钠混合后,用微波加热法根据加热时间及加热方式的不同,制备出了5个纳米银溶胶样品.用电泳仪、吸收光谱、透射电镜对这5个样品进行了表征,发现加热时间短时,纳米银表面带正电,加热时间长时纳米银表面带负电,且加热时间长时吸收峰红移,纳米银尺寸增大.为测试该纳米银溶胶是否具有表面增强喇曼散射 (SERS)活性,选用了阳离子型分子碱性品红（Fuchsine basic ）、亚甲基蓝（Methylene blue）,阴离子型分子苯甲酸（Benzoic acid）,中性分子丫啶橙(Alcidine orange)、苏丹红(Sudan red)作为其SERS活性的测试分子,进行SERS研究.结果发现,所制备的纳米银除样品5对苏丹红分子无增强效应外,其余样品对所选分子都具有较好的增强效果.     

氯离子刻蚀三角银纳米粒子及其拉曼光谱的研究

在硼氢化钠和双氧水共存的体系中还原硝酸银,以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为表面活性剂,在柠檬酸钠的作用下合成三角银纳米粒子,随后加入氯离子,研究其作用下三角银纳米粒子的形貌变化.结果表明:随着氯离子浓度不断增大,三角银纳米粒子逐渐被刻蚀成圆盘粒子,且吸附生物分子多巴胺后,SERS信号随着粒子减小而增强,原因可能在于粒子形状发生转化的同时还生成了大量的银团簇物质,这些银团簇的存在活化了溶胶体系的性质.     

非线性光散射、振荡与谐波产生

单壁碳纳米管表面增强喇曼散射的新方法=New technique in SERS study on single wailed carbon nanotubes[刊,中]/方炎(首都师范大学北京市纳米光电子学重点实验室.北京(100037)),欧阳雨∥光电子·激光.—2004,15(6).—731-733 依据碳纳米管独特的力学性能,在银表面直接研磨单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs),在形成纳米级粗糙银表面的同时,SWCNTs管也吸附在银表面上,在银表面粗糙程度和SWCNTs厚度适中的区域得到了高质量的表面增强喇曼散射(SERS)谱。理论分析和实验结果表明,该方法是正确可行的。图2表1参10(于晓光)     

银纳米粒子阵列的自组装及其表面增强拉曼光谱应用

在以聚赖氨酸为表面耦联层分子的玻片基底制备了银纳米粒子阵列。ＳＥＭ表征结果表明,银粒子以亚单层的形式排列在基底表面。比较银溶胶和纳米粒子阵列的紫外可见光谱可见聚赖氨酸耦联层对银纳米粒子的粒径具有一定的选择性,甲基紫精在银纳米粒子阵列上的表面增强ＦＴ拉曼光谱表明在近红外区拉曼散射的表面增强主要来自于化学增强效应。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.