黄嘌呤甲基衍生物的发光特性研究

本文对3种黄嘌呤类化合物(咖啡因，茶碱，可可碱)的液氮低温荧光(LTF)、低温磷光(LTP)、室温流体荧光(RTF)及滤纸表面室温磷光(PS-RTP)发光光谱特性进行了对比研究。研究表明，这3种物质的LTF、LTP、PS—RTP及RTF的最大激发波长λex在270—295nm范围内，最大发射波长λem在385—445nm范围内，且它们的λex和λem不论在什么状态下都非常相近。本文也对这3种物质的荧光量子产率、滤纸基质室温磷光(PS—RTP)寿命、偏振等性质进行了比较研究。实验表明：咖啡因、茶碱和可可碱的PS-RTP的寿命均在0．1s数量级，属于长寿命磷光，且PS--RTP为非完全偏振光。     

磷光寿命法研究无保护流体室温磷光的重原子效应和发光动力学参数

以两种卤代萘为模型化合物，基于磷光寿命的定义τ＝τ^-，τ0＝1／kp和其与各速率常数的关系，导出了一种类似于Stern-Volmer方程的线性方程：τ0／τ＝（kp_kic)/kp=1 kic/kp=1 Ksv.c。通过测定不同重原子微扰剂浓度时的磷光寿命，探讨了从两种途径计算流体室温磷光发射相关动力学参数的可行性和方法，通过这些参数对比讨论了KI和TINO3两种重原子微扰剂对这两种卤代萘无保护流体室温磷光发射的重原子效应的差异。     

固体基质室温磷光分析法及其传感器的新进展

对１９９５－１９９８年间固体基质室温磷光法（ＳＳ－ＲＴＰ）的理论和应用以及基于ＳＳ－ＲＴＰ原理的传感器的研制进展作了简要介绍。     

第五届全国发光分析学术讨论会纪要

由中国化学学会、中国生物物理学会和中国发光学会联合举办,陕西师范大学承办的第五届全国发光分析学术讨论会于1996年9月24日至28日在西安召开。会议收到并编人会议论文集的论文共计121篇,涉及到荧光、磷光、化学发光和生物发光分析研究的新理论,新技术、新方法及在化学、生物和医学领域的应用研究。64名会议代表来自国内高等院校、科研单位和医院,他们都是从事发光分析研究工作的科技工作者。会议的邀请报告共10篇,包括:红区与近红外区荧光分析(厦门大学许金钧教授);两类新流体室温磷光现象——无保护界质流体室温磷光和超分子组合流体室温磷光(清华大学李隆弟教授);生物超微弱发光(空军总医院刘亚宁主任医师);生物药物的发光分析(西安医学院庞志功教授);变价金属流动注射化学发光同时测定(华西医科大学杨秀岑教授);金属络合物和原子簇化合物的电致化学发光(福州大学陈国南教授);发光免疫分析(第二军医大学张丽民教授);流动注射化学发光免疫分析(陕西师范大学章竹君教授);室温磷光分析新进展(山西大学魏雁声副教授)和增强化学发光及其临床应用(北京医科大学附属人民医院杨晓林主治医师)等。这些高水平的学术报告反映了发光分析研究方面国内外的最新动向和研究成果,受到与会代表的热烈欢迎。     

黄嘌呤甲基衍生物滤纸基质室温磷光光谱研究

以滤纸为基质,详细讨论了3种黄嘌呤甲基衍生物可可碱、咖啡因、茶碱的固体基质温磷光光谱特性,研究表明：它们的滤纸基质室温磷光（PS－RTP）光谱基本相近,其最大激发波长λem分别为435、432、427nm。40余种无机盐类重原子微扰剂对这3种化合物诱发室温磷光的研究结果为：KI、NaI,Zn(NO3)2,SrCl2对可可碱、咖啡因、茶碱发射PS－RTP都有一定的重原子效应,其中I^-对它们诱发PS－RTP重原子效应最大,酸度实验表明,酸度对可可碱的影响在于咖啡因和茶碱,3种化合物在pH-2-8范围内都有PS－RTP,而且在强酸和强碱笥条件下它们的PS－RTP均发生猝灭,此外,本文也对影响PS－RTP的温度、干燥时间等条件进行了考察。     

异硫氰酸荧光素标记抗体的固体基质室温磷光性质研究

研究了异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC）标记的羊抗人抗体（GAHAb-FITC)和兔抗羊抗体9RAGAb-FITC)，及其以三种免疫方式与人免疫球蛋白（IgG)反应所得免疫复合物在多种固体薄膜基质上发射室温磷光（RTP）的适宜条件及其光谱，强度和寿命等性质。研究发现，标记抗体及其免疫复合物保留了FITC优良的固体基质室温磷光性质，λ m0643em^(max)=525/650nm，其RTP强度与其浓度线性相关，并有很高的灵敏度，更为重要的是，免疫反应及其RTP检测能结合于同一基质，方便地相继完成，在聚酰胺膜（PM）上，以Pb(Ac)2为重原子微扰剂，稀释比为1：10（ψ）的GAHAb-FITC,RAGAb-FITC及其与人IgG形成的免疫复合物均能发射较强制 RTP信号并有较长的RTP寿命，本结果为建立相应的固体基质室温磷光免疫分析（SS-RTP-IA）新方法奠定了相应的实验基础。     

超分子组合流体室温磷光现象（Ⅱ）—醇对环糊精／碘代乙基联 …

在外部重原子微拢剂溴代环己烷存在下，β－ＣＤ／碘代乙基联苯体系可发射一定强度的室温磷光信号，若丁醇作为第四组分存在，则能显著提高体系的室温磷光发射强度。研究了该体系室温磷光发射的适宜条件和多种醇、不同环糊精及其衍生物的影响。认为β－ＣＤ／碘代乙基联苯／溴代环乙烷／丁醇体系属于一种超分子组合的发光体系，醇的作用属典型的分子调控作用。β－ＣＤ／碘代乙基联苯／溴代环乙烷形成主、客三元包结物，可醇则利用其     

固相(微)萃取-室温磷光联用技术及其应用

综述了固相(微)萃取-室温磷光技术的主要方法以及在环境分析中的应用。主要从固相萃取的基本原理、装置、操作步骤、分离模式及填料等方面评述了固相(微)萃取技术的特点和应用,评述了室温磷光技术的优点和经典室温磷光技术在操作方法和定量分析方面存在的不足,提出了固相(微)萃取和室温磷光联用技术的必然性及其优点,并对该方法的关键技术和存在的难题进行了分析。该技术结合了富集技术与高选择性的磷光分析方法,使得分析的灵敏度进一步提高,选择性也得到了较大的改进。目前常用的固相萃取填料主要有Whatman 1PS滤纸和填充有C₁₈或C₈盘或(膜),目标分析物主要集中在多环芳烃、多氯联苯和多氯联苯呋喃等物质的分析,应用前景十分广泛。     

分子间相互作用对有机分子发光性质的影响

有机固态发光材料因其在显示器、激光和光通信等领域的应用前景而受到越来越多的关注. 与单分子相比,有机固态中存在各种弱分子间相互作用,这些相互作用有时会对激发态性质和能量耗散途径产生较大的影响,从而产生较强的荧光或磷光. 因此揭示有机固态发光的内在机制是非常必要的. 本综述通过总结从单分子到聚集态激发态的几何结构、电子结构、电子振动耦合和能量耗散动力学的变化,简要概括了分子间相互作用如何诱导有机固体产生强荧光、热激活延迟荧光和室温磷光. 本综述希望能帮助深入理解有机固体的激发态特性,从而为设计优秀的固态发光材料提供思路.     

菲的无保护性介质流体室温磷光性质研究

在无任何保护性介质存在下,以Na2SO3作化学除氧剂,KI为重原子微扰剂,菲即能产生强而稳定的流体室温磷光发射.激光和发射波长λex/λem为283/482,504nm,不同有机溶剂存在对其磷光发射的性质有不同影响.1%乙腈存在时,菲浓度在8.0×10-7～6.0×10-6mol*L-1和6.0×10-6～4.0×10-5mol*L-1范围内分别与磷光发射强度呈良好的线性关系,检出限为2.6×10-8mol*L-1.     

Room Temperature Phosphorimetry as a New Spectrochemical Method of Analysis

Abstract

Luminescence spectroscopy has been extensively applied in the fields of clinical chemistry, biochemistry, and environmental chemistry. Proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes, drugs, and pollutants all show characteristic luminescence properties. The unexcelled sensitivity, selectivity, ease of sampling, and breadth of application of this method is of considerable interest to every analytical researcher and analyst. Whereas fluorimetry has become a well-established method for analysis [11, phosphorimetry has been used during the past decade only for a limited number of quantitative analyses, including the analysis of poly-nuclear aromatic compounds [2–41, coal tar fractions [5], air pollutants [6-8], impurities in petroleum fractions [9–111, detection of pesticides, and fungicides in foods [12–17], and the analysis of amino acids and pharmaceutical compounds in biological fluids [18–26]. Only recently has phosphorimetry been extensively developed into a practical qualitative and quantitative analytical method. Several papers have appeared in which the progress in instrumentation and methodology as well as the analytical uses of phosphorimetry were given [27–30]. In the 1960s the lack of use of phosphorimetry for quantitative analysis was primarily due to the great complexity and time needed to prepare and carry out an analysis at low temperature, and the poor precision and accuracy of measurements of snowed, opaque, or cracked inhomogeneous samples. In the early 1970s, improvements were achieved with techniques to enable the measurement of opaque matrices of organic solvents [31] and the development of time-resolved and phase-resolved phosphorimetry [32-361. However, in most phosphorimetric studies, the analysis still had to be performed using either low temperature rigid solvents of organic glasses, polymer matrices, or carefully degassed and purified solutions in order to minimize collisional triplet quenching. These requirements still are the main disadvantages which make this spectro-chemical method less-widely used than fluorimetry. Recently, the observed phenomenon of intense phosphorescence at room temperature (RTP) from ionic organic compounds adsorbed on a variety of supports, such as silica, alumina, paper, and asbestos [36, 37], has been proposed as a new analytical technique [38–42]. A large variety of ionic compounds of biological and clinical interest [38-40] has been investigated by this new method. The use of external heavy atom perturbers has also been investigated for the determination of trace nonionic compounds, such as the polyaromatic hydrocarbons [41]. Significant progress has been achieved with the development of a simple device for automated RTP measurement [42].     

2D-temperature imaging of single droplets and sprays using thermographic phosphors

A novel 2D-technique for temperature visualization of single droplets and sprays is presented. Laser induced emission from thermographic phosphor seeded to the investigated liquid was detected by a fast framing camera. The subsequent phosphorescence images measured by seven consecutively gated CCD detectors allowed pixel-to-pixel lifetime evaluation of the phosphorescence emission. The temperature at each pixel position was evaluated using a calibration procedure of temperature against lifetime. These measurements were applied first to a free falling water based droplet, then to a suspended droplet in an ultrasonic levitator. Finally, the technique was applied to spray. PACS 07.20.Dt; 46.65.Fi; 32.50.+d; 43.25.Uv; 34.50.Gb     

Application of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry in Pharmaceutical Drugs Analysis

This review provides some background to infrared spectroscopy including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is not meant to be complete or exhaustive but to provide the reader with sufficient background for selected applications in pharmaceutical analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a fast and nondestructive analytical method. Associated with chemometrics, it can become a powerful tool for the pharmaceutical industry. Indeed, it is suitable for analysis of solid, liquid, and biotechnological pharmaceutical forms. This review focuses on pharmaceutical FTIR applications used for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Moreover, it can be implemented during pharmaceutical development, in production for process monitoring, and in quality control laboratories.     

The thermoluminescence (TL), phosphorescence and cryoluminescence of n-type hexagonal (6H) SiC crystals

The low temperature (down to liquid helium temperature) TL, phosphorescence and cryoluminescence of n-type 6H SiC crystals is described. The crystals contained nitrogen as the major impurity at concentrations of about 10¹⁶ cm^-3. The glow curves exhibited peaks at about 25, 45, 70 and 90°K (in addition to a peak at 250°K). Thermal activation energies for the above peaks ranged between 0.02 and 0.14 eV (0.30 eV for the 250°K peak). These are much lower than energies reported earlier for nitrogen donor levels in 6H SiC. The values obtained for the 70–90°K peaks (0.08–0.14 eV) fit quite well those obtained by electrical transport measurements and Raman scattering.The crystals exhibited strong phosphorescence even at liquid helium temperature. This was shown to be only partly due to thermal release from traps, the other components being due to pair-recombination and optical release from the shallow traps by the black body radiation (BBR) from the walls of the cryostat. This BBR was found to be responsible also for the observed cryoluminescence.     

Recent Applications of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry in Herbal Medicine Analysis

Abstract

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a fast and nondestructive analytical method. Associated with chemometrics, it is a powerful tool for the pharmaceutical industry. It is becoming a suitable technique for analysis of herbal medicine. This review focuses on the recent developments and updates for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of herbal medicine using FTIR. Moreover, it can be implemented during herbal drug development, in production for process monitoring, or in quality control laboratories.     

Cu2+对鲁米诺阳极电致化学发光的抑制作用

本文研究了Ｃｕ＾２＋对碱性鲁米诺阳极电致化学发光的影响,发现Ｃｕ＾２＋对发光峰强度有明显的抑制作用。通过对溶液ｐＨ值及离子强度、溶液中支持电解质种类、理米诺浓度和ＥＤＴＡ对抑制作用影响的讨论,结合Ｐｔ电极表现ＸＰＳ谱图的分析结果,给出了可能的抑制机理;非常微小的Ｃｕ（ＯＨ）２分子聚体参与了电极氧化过程中双电层的形成,阻碍了电化学发光活性物质的生成和传质速率。在一定条件下,发光峰强度的减小量与Ｃｕ＾     

Phosphorescence properties of sol–gel derived ruby measured as functions of temperature and Cr<Superscript>3+</Superscript> content

A novel approach for the contactless measurement of surface temperatures is to evaluate the temperature dependent phosphorescence properties of chromium doped aluminium oxide (ruby) coatings, such as phosphorescence intensity, spectral distribution, or the phosphorescence lifetime. However, these properties are also affected by the chromium content in the films. In the present study the phosphorescence lifetimes were studied for the first time as a function of the chromium content. We use a simple sol–gel depositing technique for the preparation of precisely doped ruby coatings in Si(100) substrates. These coatings (Cr-to-Al-ratios y between 0% and 6.8 at. %) are well suited for studying the influence of the chromium concentration on the phosphorescence properties: at room temperature (294 K), the phosphorescence intensity is strongly affected by the chromium doping (maximum at y∼1–1.5%) while the spectrum shifts only slightly with varying chromium content. The phosphorescence lifetime τ at 294 K remains constant with varying Cr³⁺ content below y∼1.1%, and decreases strongly above y∼1.1%. Thus, ruby doped with y∼1% seems to be most promising as a temperature sensor because it shows the highest phosphorescence intensity and a low variance in the phosphorescence lifetimes. Due to the latter property the temperature evaluation from τ is less affected by imprecise doping. The phosphorescence lifetimes of several sol–gel ruby coatings (y=1.1%) on Si(100) substrates were measured as a function of the temperature to be between 2.7 ms at 294 K and 4 μs at 833 K. PACS 07.20.Dt; 78.55.-m; 78.66.-w     

云计算下石油化工罐区储罐液仪表设计与实现

近年来,随着我国互联网云计算的不断发展,云计算技术被应用于诸多领域。针对传统石油化工领域中储罐液仪表存在的罐内压力检测精准度差、温度感应灵敏度低与储罐液状态数据分析面窄等问题,提出云计算下石油化工罐区储罐液仪表设计。通过大数据运算核心进行框架构建,在此基础上,采用PCJD气流密度差算法、微感热源运算单元与数据流云算技术,对传统储罐液仪表进行设计改进,从问题的根源进行针对性解决。仿真对比试验证明,提出的云计算下石油化工罐区储罐液仪表设计,具有罐内液压力数据反馈精准度高,温度感应灵敏度高、储罐液综合数据分析速度快、数据分析完整度高等优点。