RuSi_n(n=1～6)团簇的结构、稳定性和电子性质的密度泛函研究

运用杂化密度泛函理论方法在(U)B3LYP/Lan L2DZ水平研究了Ru Sin(n=1~6)团簇体系的稳定结构及电子性质.结果发现:Ru Sin(n=1~6)团簇基本保持了纯硅团簇的框架.对原子平均束缚能和分裂能的计算表明,Ru Si6团簇是Ru Sin(n=1~6)团簇中热力学稳定性最强的.对自然电荷分布的研究结果发现,Ru Sin(n=2,4~6)团簇的最低能结构出现电荷反转现象.HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究结果表明掺入钌原子后团簇的化学活性增强了,且Ru Si的化学活性是Ru Sin(n=1~6)团簇最强的.通过对团簇磁矩的研究发现,Ru Si和Ru Si3团簇具有了磁性,其余团簇的总磁矩为零,且Ru Sin(n=1~6)团簇中各原子对团簇总磁矩的贡献不同.     

Nb2Sin-(n=1-6) 团簇的几何构型、电子性质和磁性的理论研究

运用密度泛函方法在(U)B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上研究了 (n=1～6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质．结果发现 (n=1～6)团簇只是在相应的Nb2Sin团簇的结构基础上发生了微小畸变．其中 团簇结构变化较为严重．对平均束缚能和分裂能的研究发现, 团簇的平均束缚能和分裂能均明显高于相应的Nb2Sin团簇,表明增加一个电子可以提高Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇的稳定性．通过对最低能构型的分裂能的研究发现, 团簇和Nb2Si3团簇分别是 和Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇中所有最低能构型中最稳定的．对电荷自然布局的研究发现,在 团簇中出现了电子反转．而对于Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇,当n=4～6时出现电子反转现象, n=1～2时电子转移符合常规． 对HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究结果表明,除了n=1,6外,其余 (n=2～5)团簇最低能结构的HOMO-LUMO 能隙均小于相应的Nb2Sin团簇,说明在这些团簇中增加一个电子增强了团簇的化学活性,但是当n=1、6时增加一个电子,该团簇的化学活性反而降低了．对于 (n=1～6)团簇来讲, 和 团簇分别成为 (n=1～6)团簇中化学稳定性最强和化学活性最强的．且 (n=1~6)团簇呈现半导体属性．对磁矩的研究结果表明, (n=1～6) 团簇的最低能结构的总磁矩均为1.00μB,两个Nb原子的局域磁矩方向,除了 团簇有一个铌原子与总磁矩相反外,其余均与总磁矩方向相同．说明各团簇中两个铌原子和硅原子对磁矩的贡献不同,方向也不完全相同．     

Nb_2Si_n~-(n=1～6)团簇的几何构型、电子性质和磁性的理论研究

运用密度泛函方法在(U)B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上研究了Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质.结果发现Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇只是在相应的Nb2Sin团簇的结构基础上发生了微小畸变.其中Nb2Si-6团簇结构变化较为严重.对平均束缚能和分裂能的研究发现,Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇的平均束缚能和分裂能均明显高于相应的Nb2Sin团簇,表明增加一个电子可以提高Nb2Sin(n=1~6)团簇的稳定性.通过对最低能构型的分裂能的研究发现,Nb2Si-3团簇和Nb2Si3团簇分别是Nb2Sin-和Nb2Sin(n=1~6)团簇中所有最低能构型中最稳定的.对电荷自然布局的研究发现,在Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇中出现了电子反转.而对于Nb2Sin(n=1~6)团簇,当n=4~6时出现电子反转现象,n=1~2时电子转移符合常规.对HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究结果表明,除了n=1,6外,其余Nb2Sin-(n=2~5)团簇最低能结构的HOMO-LUMO能隙均小于相应的Nb2Sin团簇,说明在这些团簇中增加一个电子增强了团簇的化学活性,但是当n=1、6时增加一个电子,该团簇的化学活性反而降低了.对于Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇来讲,Nb2Si-2和Nb2Si-5团簇分别成为Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇中化学稳定性最强和化学活性最强的.且Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇呈现半导体属性.对磁矩的研究结果表明,Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇的最低能结构的总磁矩均为1.00μB,两个Nb原子的局域磁矩方向,除了Nb2Si5-团簇有一个铌原子与总磁矩相反外,其余均与总磁矩方向相同.说明各团簇中两个铌原子和硅原子对磁矩的贡献不同,方向也不完全相同.     

Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇的密度泛函理论研究

运用密度泛函方法在(U) B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上研究了Nb2Sin+ (n=1～6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质.结果发现最低能Nb2Si+团簇除了n=5,6发生了微小畸变外,其余基本保持了相应的中性Nb2Sin[(n=1～6)]团簇的结构,且除了Nb2Si+团簇外,所有的最低能结构都是自旋二重态,电子态也都为2A;由原子平均束缚能和分裂能可知,Nb2Si+团簇的热力学稳定性比相应的Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)]强,说明失去一个电子增加了团簇的热力学稳定性.且Nb2Si+团簇的热力学稳定性是Nb2Si+ (n=1～6)团簇中最强的.从绝热电离势(ALP)和垂直电离势(VIP)的结果发现,由于VIP与AIP差值很小,说明Nb2Si+团簇和Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)]结构的构型相同.Nb2Si团簇的AIP值具有最小值6.623eV,表明在实验上很容易得到它们的阳离子形式且在质谱中可观测到较高的峰值.对HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究表明与相应的Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇相比,Nb2Sin+ (n=1～6)团簇的HOMO-LUMO能级除了n=2,6外普遍增大,说明Nb2Si+团簇的化学稳定性强于Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)],并且除了Nb2Si[团簇外都是半导体性的.由Mulliken电荷布局得出团簇的总磁矩和原子局域磁矩,表明Nb2Si+团簇的总磁矩最大,为3.0μB,呈现为铁磁质.硅原子则在不同的团簇中表现为顺磁性或抗磁性.     

Nb_2 Si_n^+(n=1～6)团簇的密度泛函理论研究北大核心CSCD

运用密度泛函方法在(U)B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上研究了Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质.结果发现最低能Nb2Sin+团簇除了n=5,6发生了微小畸变外,其余基本保持了相应的中性Nb2Sin[(n=1～6)]团簇的结构.且除了Nb2Si+团簇外,所有的最低能结构都是自旋二重态,电子态也都为2A;由原子平均束缚能和分裂能可知,Nb2Sin+团簇的热力学稳定性比相应的Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)]强,说明失去一个电子增加了团簇的热力学稳定性.且Nb2Si3+团簇的热力学稳定性是Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇中最强的.从绝热电离势(AIP)和垂直电离势(VIP)的结果发现,由于VIP与AIP差值很小,说明Nb2Sin+团簇和Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)]结构的构型相同.Nb2Si团簇的AIP值具有最小值6.623eV,表明在实验上很容易得到它们的阳离子形式且在质谱中可观测到较高的峰值.对HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究表明与相应的Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇相比,Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇的HOMO-LUMO能级除了n=2,6外普遍增大,说明Nb2Sin+团簇的化学稳定性强于Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)],并且除了Nb2Si3+团簇外都是半导体性的.由Mulliken电荷布局得出团簇的总磁矩和原子局域磁矩,表明Nb2Si+团簇的总磁矩最大,为3.0μB,呈现为铁磁质.硅原子则在不同的团簇中表现为顺磁性或抗磁性.     

Ge_nMn(n≤8)团簇的电子结构与磁性的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论下广义梯度近似方法,对Mn掺杂Ge基半导体团簇Ge_nMn(n≤8)的结构与磁性进行了理论研究.结果表明:Ge_nMn(n≤8)的最稳定构型与相应的Ge_(n+1)团簇相似.Mn掺杂后团簇的原子平均结合能与纯锗团簇比较近似;能量二次差分表明:Ge_3Mn和Ge_5Mn团簇较相邻团簇表现出较高的稳定性;当n=1,3和6时,HMO-LUMO能隙较大,n=2时,能隙较小,说明GeMn、Ge_3Mn和Ge_6Mn具有相对较好的化学稳定性,而Ge_2Mn具有较高的化学活性.对Ge_nMn(n≤8)团簇的磁性研究发现,除Ge_8Mn的总磁矩为1μB外,其他团簇的总磁矩均为3μB,且团簇的磁性主要来源于Mn原子.     

Nb2Sin+ ( n = 1～6)团簇的密度泛函理论研究

运用密度泛函方法在在(U)B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上研究了Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质．结果发现最低能Nb2Sin+团簇除了n=5,6发生了微小畸变外,其余基本保持了相应的中性Nb2Sin[(n=1～6)]团簇的结构．且除了Nb2Si+团簇外,所有的最低能结构都是自旋二重态,电子态也都为2A;由原子平均束缚能和分裂能可知,Nb2Sin+团簇的热力学稳定性比相应的Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)]强,说明失去一个电子增加了团簇的热力学稳定性.且Nb2Si3+团簇的热力学稳定性是Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇中最强的．从绝热电离势(AIP)和垂直电离势(VIP)的结果发现,由于VIP与AIP差值很小,说明 Nb2Sin+团簇和Nb2Sin 团簇[(n=1～6)]结构的构型相同.Nb2Si团簇的AIP值具有最小值6.623eV,表明在实验上很容易得到它们的阳离子形式且在质谱中可观测到较高的峰值．对HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究表明与相应的Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇相比,Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇的HOMO-LUMO能级除了n=2,6外普遍增大,说明Nb2Sin+团簇的化学稳定性强于Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)],并且除了Nb2Si3+团簇外都是半导体性的．由Mulliken电荷布局得出团簇的总磁矩和原子局域磁矩,表明Nb2Si+团簇的总磁矩最大,为3.0μB,呈现为铁磁质．硅原子则在不同的团簇中表现为顺磁性或抗磁性．     

RuSin±(n=1~6)团簇的几何结构、电子性质与磁性的理论研究

运用杂化密度泛函理论在(U)B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平研究了RuSi_n~±(n=1～6)团簇的几何构型、电子性质和磁性.结果发现:RuSi_n~±(n=1～6)团簇除n=5外,基本保持了RuSi_n(n=1～6)团簇的基本框架.RuSi₂~+团簇和RuSi₃~-团簇分别是RuSi_n~+和RuSi_n~-(n=1～6)团簇最低能结构中热力学稳定性最强的团簇.在RuSi_n~+和RuSi_n~-(n=1～6)团簇中Ru原子比Si原子对体系电荷贡献大.HOMO和LUMO的研究结果说明,RuSi_n~-(n=1～6)团簇的LUMO对电子没有亲和力.RuSi~+是RuSi_n~+(n=1～6)团簇中化学稳定性最强的团簇.而RuSi₅~+团簇是化学活性强弱的团簇.RuSi_n^±,0(n=1～6)团簇的极化率...     

Co_2B_n(n=1-8)团簇几何结构的密度泛函理论研究

受到小型环状和管状的双金属掺杂硼团簇的启发,采用密度泛函理论,在B3LYP/6-311+G(d)水平下对Co_2B_n(n=1-8)团簇的几何结构、相关稳定性、电子性质和磁性进行了的研究.研究结果表明:当n≤5时,团簇的最低能量结构为平面结构.当6≤n≤8时,团簇的最低能量结构为立体结构.对团簇的平均原子结合能、二阶差分能量、HOMO-LUMO能隙、垂直电子亲和能、垂直电离能和化学硬度分析结果表明,Co2B_7具有幻数特征.对Co_2B_n(n=1-8)团簇的总磁矩计算表明其和团簇的自旋态有很强的关系,而且团簇的总磁矩主要由钴原子的3d轨道所贡献.     

GenMn（n≤8）团簇的电子结构与磁性的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论下广义梯度近似方法，对Mn掺杂Ge基半导体团簇 GenMn（n≤8）的结构与磁性进行了理论研究。结果表明：GenMn（n≤8）的最稳定构型与相应的Gen+1团簇相似。Mn掺杂后团簇的原子平均结合能与纯锗团簇比较近似；能量二次差分表明：Ge3Mn和Ge5Mn团簇较相邻团簇表现出较高的稳定性；当n=1，3和6时，HMO-LUMO能隙较大，n=2时，能隙较小，说明GeMn、Ge3Mn和Ge6Mn具有相对较好的化学稳定性，而Ge2Mn具有较高的化学活性。对GenMn（n≤8）团簇的磁性研究发现，除Ge8Mn的总磁矩为1μB外，其他团簇的总磁矩均为3μB，且团簇的磁性主要来源于Mn原子。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.