DCP－直读光谱法测高纯氧化镧中的Ce、Pr、Nd和Sm

本文提出用ＤＣＰ—ＡＥＳ方法直接测定高纯Ｌａ２Ｏ３中的Ｃｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ和Ｓｍ。方法简便、快速。检出限分别为Ｃｅ，０．０１２μｇ／ｍｌ；Ｐｒ，０．０２１μｇ／ｍｌ；Ｎｄ，０．０２１μｇ／ｍｌ以及Ｓｍ，０．００９μｇ／ｍｌ。     

DCP—直读光谱法测高纯氧化镧中的Ce,Pr,Nd和Sm

本文提出用ＤＣＰ－ＡＥＳ方法直接测定高纯Ｌａ２Ｏ３中的Ｃｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ和Ｓｍ。方法简单、快速。检出限分别为Ｃｅ，０．０１２μｇ／ｍｌ；Ｐｒ，０．０２１μｇ／ｍｌ；Ｎｄ，０．０２１μｇ／ｍｌ以及Ｓｍ，０．００９μｇ／ｍｌ。     

ICP－AES法分析水质的探讨

本文用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ（电感耦合等离子体－原子发射光谱法）测定水中Ａｌ、Ｂ、Ｂａ、Ｂｅ、Ｃａ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｏ、Ｃｒ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｍｏ、Ｍｎ、Ｎｉ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｖ、Ｚｎ等１８种微量元素。方法简便、快速，只将样品简单酸化，即可测定。方法检出限为０．０００５－０．５μｇ／ｍＬ。相对标准偏差＜１８％     

5-溴水杨基荧光酮-溴化十六烷基三甲铵荧光熄灭法测定微量钼的研究

本文报道了在溴化十六烷基三甲铵（ＣＴＭＡＢ）存在下,以５－溴水杨基荧光酮（５－ＢｒＳＡＦ）作为荧光试剂,用荧光熄灭法测定微量钼的新方法。详细研究了各种条件实验。反应的适宜酸度范围为 ０．０８－０．２４ｍ ｏｌ·Ｌ－ １ ＨＣｌ,钼含量在０－ ４．０μｇ／２５ｍ Ｌ范围内呈线性关系,配合物的组成比为Ｍｏ（Ⅵ）∶５－ＢｒＳＡＦ∶ＣＴＭＡＢ＝ １∶２∶２,激发波长为３６５ｎｍ ,发射波长为５２５ｎｍ 。方法灵敏度高,检出限为２．０μｇ／Ｌ。用于样品中微量钼的测定,结果令人满意。     

堆泵浦^3He—Ar—Xe体系的激光原理性实验

介绍了在ＣＦＢＲ－Ⅱ脉冲堆上进行的￣３Ｈｅ─Ａｒ─Ｘｅ体系的激光演示实验。当热中子注量率６×１０￣（１４）／ｃｍ￣２·ｓ，气体组配￣３Ｈｅ：Ａｒ：Ｘｅ＝３４．７：３４．７：０．２６７（ｋＰａ）时，获得波长λ＝１．７３μｍ、脉宽（ＦＷＨＭ）平均值７３８μｓ、峰值功率为毫瓦级的激光输出。同时对测得的光信号及其特性进行了分析。     

堆泵浦~3He－Ar－Xe体系的激光原理性实验

介绍了在ＣＦＢＲ－Ⅱ脉冲堆上进行的￣３Ｈｅ─Ａｒ─Ｘｅ体系的激光演示实验。当热中子注量率６×１０￣（１４）／ｃｍ￣２·ｓ，气体组配￣３Ｈｅ：Ａｒ：Ｘｅ＝３４．７：３４．７：０．２６７（ｋＰａ）时，获得波长λ＝１．７３μｍ、脉宽（ＦＷＨＭ）平均值７３８μｓ、峰值功率为毫瓦级的激光输出。同时对测得的光信号及其特性进行了分析。     

平台石墨炉原子吸收法测定高温镍基合金中痕量碲

用镍作基体改进剂，碲的灵敏度提高的约２倍，灰化温度提高４００℃，抗干扰能力明显增强，不需要分离样品基体，采用平台石墨炉即可同温镍基金中痕量磅。方法检出限为０．０４１μｇ／ｇ，样品中碲含量为０．５μｇ／ｇ时，相对标准偏差为３－６％，回收率在９０－９９％之间，方法简单快速。     

激光蒸发进样ICP－AES测定地质祥品中的钡和锶

本文讨论了用连续ＣＯ＿２激光器蒸发地质粉末样品，ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定Ｂａ和Ｓｒ。在样品中加入适量的粘合剂和石墨粉混匀压饼，用激光全部蒸发。在蒸发室出口处加入了一只多层多孔过滤器，一定程度上改善了系统长时间工作的稳定性。对影响激光采样和ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ分析性能的参数进行了研究。实验结果表明，连续激光蒸发地质粉末样品、ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定Ｂａ、Ｓｒ，大部分分析结果满意。在选择的系统条件下，Ｂａ、Ｓｒ的检出限分别为２．６μｇ·ｇ￣－１和３．０μｇ·ｇ￣－１；精密度ＲＳＤ分别为６．３％（４７０μｇ·ｇ￣－１）和５．６％（５２μｇ·ｇ￣－１）     

ICP-AES法同时测定纯铁中八种杂质元素

本文研究了用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法同时测定纯铁中８种杂质元素：Ｃｒ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｇ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｔｉ、Ｖ的分析方法。研究了铁基体地被测元素光谱线的光谱干扰与物理干扰,采用背景扣除法与基体匹配法进行校正。被测元素的检出限为０．４－３．０μｇ／Ｌ,合成试样的回收率为９１－１１０％,杂持元素含量为０．０００３－０．０５％时,测量的相对标准偏差〈９％,方法简便、准确、结果满意。     

化学富集XRFA法测定岩石、土壤中稀有和稀土元素

研究了化学富集ＸＲＦＡ法测定岩石、土壤中Ｎｂ，Ｔａ，Ｚｒ，Ｈｆ，Ｔｉ，ＲＥ等微量元素的方法。化学富集采用共沉淀与离子交换结合。富集后得到的稀有和稀土元素用薄样－Ｘ荧光光谱法测定。制订了一个用明胶做分散剂制薄样的方法。稀有与稀土元素的检出限达０．０６～０．８μｇ／ｍｌ。精密度与准确度符合地球化学样品分析要求。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.