一种新的消色像全息术

本文从全息再现像的物像关系出发,对准像面情况下,像点随波长及参考光源扩展的变化进行了研究.阐明了利用散射线光源作参考光使全可见光范围内的像叠加在一起,产生消色像全息图的基本思想,并引入了消色像域的概念.考虑到点基元全息图尺寸及人眼瞳孔对成像光束的限制,白光再现时,可以获得清晰、明亮、具有一定景深和相当视场范围的消色再现像.     

全息透镜的成像特性

本文根据透射式全息图可以反射再现的观点,同时考虑和分析了全息透镜的透射波成像和反射波成像,对±1级像建立了透镜-反射镜组合的理想模型.用傅里叶光学的方法,导出了一般孔径下全息透镜的点扩散函数和传递函数的表达式,由此可求得其极限分辨率及截止频率,并与普通透镜作了比较.对横向色模糊的不均匀性也进行了讨论.     

激光全息照相实验探讨

1962年由杰尼休克提出的反射全息图的制法至今还是实验教学的一个内容。本文介绍对干版仅仅曝光一次的条件下,将白光反射再现全息图和激光透射再现全息图同时记录于同一干版上的实验。由此得到的全息照片不仅可在白光下再现。而且可在激光下再现,且两次再现的像既可相同也可不同。图1为实验光路图。如将图中物Ⅱ去掉,该图即变成记录激光透射再现全息图的光路;而将物     

大景深彩虹全息图的获得与观察条件

本文从彩虹全息的线状点基元全息图入手,首次对其景深进行了分析和讨论.理论上证明了只要满足一定的观察条件,则彩虹全息可以进行大景深的记录和再现;实验上获得了景深达450mm的彩虹全息图.     

白光再现激光全息照相的实验研究

以光的干涉和衍射为基础,讨论白光再现激光全息照相的原理,设计拍摄不同物体白光再现全息图的光路,探索能成功拍出白光再现反射全息图的条件和方法,并通过实验证明其可行性。     

基于DMD的数字全息显示及其再现像质增强

采用DMD作为空间光调制器构建了一套数字全息显示系统.分析了数字全息图光学再现中影响再现图像质量的因素,提出了一种采用频域滤波重建高条纹对比度滤波全息图来改善其光学再现图像质量的新方法.采用信噪比及图像亮度作为评价参量,对原始全息图和滤波全息图的数值再现像进行定量分析表明,滤波后全息图的再现像质量明显优于原始全息图的再现像.基于DMD数字全息显示系统的光学再现实验也验证了理论分析结果.     

灰度调整与数字全息图像质的关系

如何在有限的灰度级别下输出高质量全息图是人们关注的问题之一.文章从数字全息图 （计算机制全息图）的灰度直方图出发,研究灰度调整对全息图再现像质的影响.首先通过理论推导研究了压缩计算机制全息图中占比例少的灰度,展宽占比例多的灰度后全息图衍射效率的变化,发现处理后的计算机制全息图经灰度压缩的阈值越大,衍射效率越高.然后研究了灰度压缩的阈值对计算机制全息图再现像噪音的影响,发现全息图再现像的噪音随着阈值的增大,先减少再增大.实验表明,通过取合适的阈值对全息图进行灰度调整,可以在保证全息图再现像的信噪比的同时,提高全息图的衍射效率.计算机仿真和全息图光学再现实验证明了理论分析是正确的,为制作高质量的计算机制全息图提供了参考依据.     

利用反射全息实现计算全息三维显示

计算全息和光学全息都可应用于三维显示,但各有自己的优势和缺陷.将计算全息和光学反射全息相结合,可以突破光学全息对记录物体的限制,进行虚拟物体或自然场景的全息图的制作,同时可以实现白光再现.本文首先用三维扫描仪获得实际物体的三维数据,用"点云算法"模拟得到其菲涅耳全息图透射率数据,采用计算全息打印机将其输出于全息记录介质,得到可光学再现的菲涅耳计算全息图H1.然后将H1作为光学全息的记录物体进行反射全息记录,将平面全息转化为体全息,实现了计算全息白光再现.     

三维场景相息图的白光再现研究

讨论了相息图白光再现的可行性,得到采用在相息图和观察者之间加入狭缝的方法可实现相息图的白光再现的结论.提出了一种通过对彩虹全息图进行复数滤波来制作相息图的方法.根据彩虹全息图中物光的频谱宽度设计有限脉冲响应数字滤波器.对该滤波器进行移频,得到与通带位置物光的频谱位置一致的复系数带通滤波器.对全息图进行空域滤波,去除共轭像和零级,求出调制后物光的位相分布,制作场景相息图.实验观察到了经过此方法制作的相息图在白光下的再现像,表明本文的理论分析正确,所提出的方法可行.     

拍摄白光再现全息图的一种实验方法

白光再现全息图的干涉极大值在感光介质中的分布几乎平行于乳胶表面,间距约为半个波长(在氦氖激光器波长为632.8nm的条件下,间距d约为0.3μm)。因此要求记录介质有较高的分辨率,而且要求形成反射全息图的全息实验台和有关的光学元件有极高的机械稳定性。教学用简易全息实验台常达不到要求,因此很难拍摄成功白光再现全息图。为了提高学生对于全息实验的兴趣,我们找到了一种在简易全息实验台上拍摄成功白光再现全息图的方法。现介绍如下。用一个书写投影仪上的反光装置,将其     

多狭缝空间滤波假彩色编码

利用空间滤波合成狭缝彩虹全息技术对二维透射物进行假彩色编码,当参考光以不同的方向传播时,记录二维透射物的不同空间频谱所对应的物像,全息图在白光再现时将透镜平移就呈现不同颜色全息效果图。     

The formation of large scale reconstructed images through the use of holograms

We propose and demonstrate a method which constructs large size multicolor images using a holographic technique in limited spaces, i.e., tunnels. A traffic sign image of the same size and color as an actual traffic sign board is displayed using many comparative small holograms. Each hologram is composed of a single computer generated hologram (CGH). Though it was necessary to make many CGHs, we have shortened the hologram production time by putting a reconstructed image on long distance, and using many reconstruction sources. Moreover, though cross-talk images are caused in a color reconstruction, by adjusting the optical system it is possible to make sure that drivers see only the appropriate image. Many holograms function as one big hologram, and it has been confirmed that a large reconstructed image can be displayed in a limited space.     

Interlaced scan CCD image motion deblur for space-variant motion blurs

Motion blur is caused by camera shakes or object motions during exposure when the shutter speed is relatively slow. As for the object motion blur, the degradation of a CCD image is often characterized by space-variant motion blurs, since objects are often moving in different directions at different speeds. But most image restorations for space-variant motion blurs are addressed only for progressive scan CCD images. To address the space-variant image restorations for interlaced scan images, we propose a novel image restoration scheme. First, one interlaced scan image frame is required, which is divided into the odd field and the even field images. These two field images are further segmented into rectangular blocks. The motion vectors are computed in these rectangular blocks using an efficient block matching algorithm. Second, image restoration is performed in these rectangular blocks using a constrained least square algorithm in the odd or even field image, which can both preserve edge structures and remove noises. Our novel scheme is illustrated by restoring a space-variant blurred moving boat image and a synthetic blurred image.     

全息模拟再现像的三维重构

提出一种全息模拟再现像的三维重构方法，可以模拟再现得到三维再现像.计算机模拟再现许多幅在不同深度位置的二维光强分布；利用灰度级变化的聚焦度评价方法，通过寻找最大聚焦度值，确定再现三维像各像点的深度信息.实验证明,该方法能实现模拟再现像的三维重构，使数字全息术有希望成为一种全新的三维面形检测技术.再现像三维重构的实现可以更客观地对全息图进行像质评价，并验证计算机制全息术算法的正确性.     

White-light Fourier holography

This paper describes a technique for generating broad spectral band Fourier holograms with an encoded white light source. Since this technique utilizes primary white-light construction and reconstruction process, it is quite suitable for color Fourier hologram image reconstruction. Experimental results are also given.     

利用反射全息实现计算全息三维显示

计算全息和光学全息都可应用于三维显示,但各有自己的优势和缺陷.将计算全息和光学反射全息相结合,可以突破光学全息对记录物体的限制,进行虚拟物体或自然场景的全息图的制作,同时可以实现白光再现.本文首先用三维扫描仪获得实际物体的三维数据,用"点云算法"模拟得到其菲涅耳全息图透射率数据,采用计算全息打印机将其输出于全息记录介质,得到可光学再现的菲涅耳计算全息图H₁.然后将H₁作为光学全息的记录物体进行反射全息记录,将平面全息转化为体全息,实现了计算全息白光再现.     

Archival storage of color films by rainbow holographic technique

A technique of generating color holographic images with a one-step rainbow holographic process is described. This technique offers the capability of archival storage of color materials on a single black and white photographic film. The process is very simple to implement and it allows the reconstruction of the color image with a white light source. Although some degree of color blur is inherent with the rainbow holographic process, it can be minimized by the proper design of the optical system. A simple experimental result is also presented.     

Research on true color computer generated hologram by lensless Fourier transform

Based on the theory of scalar diffraction, this paper makes research on the process of hologram reconstruction of true color calculation by lensless Fourier transform, and gives its algorithm on the basis of the angular spectrum theory as well as the instances of color image reconstruction under the red, green and blue colors wavelength. In order to eliminate the influence of color difference on the reconstructive image, this paper analyzes the causes of the color difference, and puts forward the method of interpolation reconstruction to the object information in the process of hologram reconstruction, so as to eliminate the color difference. With the advantages of computer generated holographic, the high-quality color hologram by lensless Fourier transform based on the angular spectrum theory has been realized, and the results of corresponding numerical simulation are given. The results show that the method in the paper can effectively eliminate the color difference caused by different wavelength, and the experimental results validate its feasibility.