共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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本文首先对具有三体相互作用的一维自旋链系统的哈密顿量进行了对角化.然后通过一个旋转操作求解了系统基态的几何相位,通过数值计算几何相位及其导数随外界参数的变化,考虑三体相互作用对几何相位以及量子相变的影响,结果表明几何相位可以很好的用来表征该系统中的量子相变,并且发现三体相互作用不但引起相变点平移,而且可以产生新的临界点. 相似文献
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双修饰的Ising-Heisenberg平面模型是凝聚态物理领域一个受到比较广泛重视的模型。由于量子关联对于研究低温情况下物质的相变具有十分重要的意义,所以本文里我们考查了这个模型中同一个键里两个海森堡自旋量子关联的几何特性。另一方面,由于任何体系不可避免地要受到外界环境的影响,我们同样也求解了三种不同的局域通道作用下量子关联的几何测量,以期该文的研究结果对于研究噪声存在情况下体系的相变具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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在绝热演化中的几何相位(即Berry相位)被推广到包括非本征态的一般量子态.这个新的几何相位同时适用于线性量子系统和非线性量子系统.它对于后者尤其重要因为非线性量子系统的绝热演化不能通过本征态的线性叠加来描述.在线性量子系统中,新定义的几何相位是各个本征态Berry相位的权重平均. 相似文献
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正与非常规超导机制类似的d波相互作用在冷原子气体中得到了实现。超冷原子气体提供了一个精妙的实验平台,可以用于探索凝聚态物理中的多种模型。研究人员可以精细地控制这些原子,使它们成为固体与液体中的电子或其他自由度的替身,从而利用这一系统来模拟磁性、量子相变以及其他常规凝聚态现象。但是,模拟高温超导可是块难啃的骨头。这是由于这种状态 相似文献
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本文综述凝聚态物理学中的量子相变和量子临界现象,首先考察了相变中存在量子效应的可能性,通过横磁场Ising模型介绍了量子相变的基本特征;接下来对照热临界现象,引入了量子标度和量子重正化的基本概念和操作方式;然后利用量子临界现象的方案,分析了密度驱动、无序驱动和关联驱动的金属-绝缘体相变;继续利用量子临界性的概念探讨如重电子化合物、铜氧化物和巡游铁磁体这类复杂的相互作用多粒子系统;最后选择量子点、碳纳米管和单层石墨为例,介绍了量子临界性在低维和纳米系统研究中的作用. 相似文献
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几何阻挫引起诸多的未知新颖量子状态,这些新颖量子相的理解预计将带来物理学的突破。笔者通过材料科学研究,偶然发现了新型几何阻挫系列M2(OH)3X[M==Cu,Co,Ni,Mn,Feetc.;X=C1,Br,I]。它们初步展示了新颖的磁性,虽然这些物质是由单一磁性离子组成的均匀晶体,在这些化学均匀系中自旋的有序[如铁磁或反铁磁秩序]和自旋涨落同时共存。因为d电子磁性离子的量子性,本物质系列提供了研究几何阻挫引发的新颖量子特性的绝好舞台。本文综合介绍我们在这一方面最近取得的主要成果。他山之石可以攻玉,新材料的发现往往会带来物理学的新进展,本文同时也例证了材料科学对凝聚态物理的重要性。 相似文献
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L. C. Wang X. X. Yi 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2010,57(2):281-286
We study the geometric phase of the ground state of the one-dimensional compass model in a transverse field. The critical
properties of the system in terms of the geometric phase are calculated and discussed. The results show that the general character
of quantum phase transitions (QPTs) in the model can be revealed by the Berry phase of the ground state. This study extends
the relations between geometric phases and QPTs. 相似文献
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Geometric phases play a central role in a variety of quantum phenomena, especially in condensed matter physics. Recently, it was shown that this fundamental concept exhibits a connection to quantum phase transitions where the system undergoes a qualitative change in the ground state when a control parameter in its Hamiltonian is varied. Here we report the first experimental study using the geometric phase as a topological test of quantum transitions of the ground state in a Heisenberg XY spin model. Using NMR interferometry, we measure the geometric phase for different adiabatic circuits that do not pass through points of degeneracy. 相似文献
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We provide an overview of some modern developments in the theory of phases and phase transitions in classical and quantum systems. We show the link between non-ergodicity and fidelity in quantum systems and discuss topological phase transitions. We show that the quantum phase transitions are associated with qualitative changes in some properties of the quantum wavefunctions across the phase transition. We discuss the topological phase transition associated with p-wave superconductor since it is a topic of wide interest because of the possible observation of Majorana fermions. 相似文献
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Zhu SL 《Physical review letters》2006,96(7):077206
We show that the geometric phase of the ground state in the XY model obeys scaling behavior in the vicinity of a quantum phase transition. In particular we find that the geometric phase is nonanalytical and its derivative with respect to the field strength diverges at the critical magnetic field. Furthermore, the universality in the critical properties of the geometric phase in a family of models is verified. In addition, since the quantum phase transition occurs at a level crossing or avoided level crossing and these level structures can be captured by the Berry curvature, the established relation between the geometric phase and quantum phase transitions is not a specific property of the XY model, but a very general result of many-body systems. 相似文献
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We investigate the topological phase transitions in an anisotropic square-octagon lattice in the presence of spin–orbit coupling and exchange field. On the basis of the Chern number and spin Chern number, we find a number of topologically distinct phases with tuning the exchange field, including time-reversal-symmetry-broken quantum spin Hall phases, quantum anomalous Hall phases and a topologically trivial phase. Particularly, we observe a coexistent state of both the quantum spin Hall effect and quantum anomalous Hall effect. Besides, by adjusting the exchange filed, we find the phase transition from time-reversal-symmetry-broken quantum spin Hall phase to spin-imbalanced and spin-polarized quantum anomalous Hall phases, providing an opportunity for quantum spin manipulation. The bulk band gap closes when topological phase transitions occur between different topological phases. Furthermore, the energy and spin spectra of the edge states corresponding to different topological phases are consistent with the topological characterization based on the Chern and spin Chern numbers. 相似文献
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On the basis of the phase formulation, we find the quantum and classical exact solutions and corresponding total phases for the Klein-Gordon (KG) field with a time-dependent Hamiltonian. The total phase includes both the dynamical and geometric phases (Abaronov-Anandan phase). The connection between the quantum and classical solutions is then obtained. From this connection, we discuss the condition under which the geometric phase for the KG field can be defined. 相似文献
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The interplay of geometric randomness and strong quantum fluctuations is an exciting topic in quantum many-body physics, leading to the emergence of novel quantum phases in strongly correlated electron systems. Recent investigations have focused on the case of homogeneous site and bond dilution in the quantum antiferromagnet on the square lattice, reporting a classical geometric percolation transition between magnetic order and disorder. In this study we show how inhomogeneous bond dilution leads to percolative quantum phase transitions, which we have studied extensively by quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Quantum percolation introduces a new class of two-dimensional spin liquids, characterized by an infinite percolating network with vanishing antiferromagnetic order parameter. 相似文献
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The geometric phase of light has been demonstrated in various platforms of the linear optical regime, raising interest both for fundamental science as well as applications, such as flat optical elements. Recently, the concept of geometric phases has been extended to nonlinear optics, following advances in engineering both bulk nonlinear photonic crystals and nonlinear metasurfaces. These new technologies offer a great promise of applications for nonlinear manipulation of light. In this review, we cover the recent theoretical and experimental advances in the field of geometric phases accompanying nonlinear frequency conversion. We first consider the case of bulk nonlinear photonic crystals, in which the interaction between propagating waves is quasi-phase-matched, with an engineerable geometric phase accumulated by the light. Nonlinear photonic crystals can offer efficient and robust frequency conversion in both the linearized and fully-nonlinear regimes of interaction, and allow for several applications including adiabatic mode conversion, electromagnetic nonreciprocity and novel topological effects for light. We then cover the rapidly-growing field of nonlinear Pancharatnam-Berry metasurfaces, which allow the simultaneous nonlinear generation and shaping of light by using ultrathin optical elements with subwavelength phase and amplitude resolution. We discuss the macroscopic selection rules that depend on the rotational symmetry of the constituent meta-atoms, the order of the harmonic generations, and the change in circular polarization. Continuous geometric phase gradients allow the steering of light beams and shaping of their spatial modes. More complex designs perform nonlinear imaging and multiplex nonlinear holograms, where the functionality is varied according to the generated harmonic order and polarization. Recent advancements in the fabrication of three dimensional nonlinear photonic crystals, as well as the pursuit of quantum light sources based on nonlinear metasurfaces, offer exciting new possibilities for novel nonlinear optical applications based on geometric phases. 相似文献
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本文研究了各向同性square-octagon晶格在内禀自旋轨道耦合、Rashba自旋轨道耦合和交换场作用下的拓扑相变,同时引入陈数和自旋陈数对系统进行拓扑分类.系统在自旋轨道耦合和交换场的影响下会出现许多拓扑非平庸态,包括时间反演对称破缺的量子自旋霍尔态和量子反常霍尔态.特别的是,在时间反演对称破缺的量子自旋霍尔效应中,无能隙螺旋边缘态依然能够完好存在.调节交换场或者填充因子的大小会导致系统发生从时间反演对称破缺的量子自旋霍尔态到自旋过滤的量子反常霍尔态的拓扑相变.边缘态能谱和自旋谱的性质与陈数和自旋陈数的拓扑刻画完全一致.这些研究成果为自旋量子操控提供了一个有趣的途径. 相似文献