共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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张彪叶丁丁朱恂李俊廖强 《工程热物理学报》2014,(6):1153-1156
自呼吸微流体燃料电池是很有前景的新型微型电源,目前其性能的主要限制因素是阳极燃料传质。本文构建了具有三维顺排阳极的自呼吸微流体燃料电池,利用圆柱形阳极在流道中容积式的分布增大反应面积,强化燃料传输。本文研究了燃料浓度和反应物流量对电池性能的影响,并对流道中的两相流动进行了可视化观察。实验结果表明:随燃料浓度或反应物流量的增加,电池性能先升高后降低;产生的CO_2气泡能够被限制在阳极电极和隔离棒中,减小了其对阴极侧电解液流动的扰动;气泡会在隔离棒之间聚并形成气膜,气膜周期性形成和排出的动态行为对电池的放电性能具有较大影响。 相似文献
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《工程热物理学报》2015,(10)
本文对三维阳极自呼吸微流体燃料电池进行了结构改进,缩短了微通道长度,减小了阴阳极间距,去除了隔离棒,利用阴极附近电解液的快速流动来减轻燃料渗透;研究了该电池的性能特性,考察了电解液浓度、甲酸浓度和反应物流量对电池性能的影响。实验结果表明,该电池性能随电解液及甲酸浓度的升高均先上升后下降,随反应物流量的升高先增加后趋于稳定。当电解液浓度为1.0 mol·L~(-1)、甲酸浓度为0 5 mol·L~(-1)、反应物流量为300μL·min~(-1)时,电池的最高功率密度可达44.6 mW·cm~(-3),比相同体积、相同阳极有效面积的同类电池提高了107%,电池性能得到有效强化。 相似文献
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利用落塔开展了不同重力情况下质子交换膜燃料电池性能的实验研究.对常重力和微重力条件下质子交换膜燃料电池发电时其阴极蛇形流场内部的两相流动开展了可视化现场观测.对重力因素对质子交换膜燃料电池内部传质过程的影响进行了分析和讨论.实验结果表明:在常重力环境中,液态水堆积在竖置流道的底部,无法有效排出.聚集在流道内的液态水与反应气体在流道内形成气/液两相流动.在微重力环境中,液态水在气体推动力的作用下从流道的底部上升并沿流道向出口流动.聚集在流道内的液态水排除后,减小了反应气体(氧气)从流道向催化层的传递阻力,从而使质子交换膜燃料电池的性能得到提高. 相似文献
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This paper reports the media flexibility of membraneless sodium percarbonate fuel cell (MLSPCFC) using acid/alkaline bipolar electrolyte in which the anode is in acidic media while the cathode is in alkaline media, or vice versa. Investigation of the cell operation is conducted by using formic acid as a fuel and sodium percarbonate as an oxidant for the first time under ‘acid–alkaline media’ configurations. The MLSPCFC architecture enables interchangeable operation with different media combinations. The experimental results indicate that operating under acid–alkaline media conditions significantly improves the fuel cell performance compared with all-acidic and all-alkaline conditions. The effects of flow rates and the concentrations of various species at both the anode and cathode on the cell performance are also investigated. It has been demonstrated that the laminar flow-based microfluidic membraneless fuel cell can reach a maximum power density of 25.62 mW cm?2 with a fuel mixture flow rate of 0.3 mL min?1 at room temperature. 相似文献
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本文针对配备三通道蛇形阳极流场的液态进料直接甲醇燃料电池阳极两相流及电池性能开展了实验研究.液态进料的直接甲醇燃料电池阳极流床内会形成二氧化碳气泡与甲醇溶液构成的两相流系统,其两相流特性受到电池流道设计、运行工况和工作角度的影响,并同时影响燃料电池的性能.本文设计了三通道蛇形流场,通过可视化实验得到直接甲醇燃料电池三通道蛇形阳极流场内的两相流特性随电流密度变化的规律,并研究了燃料电池在不同旋转角度下的两相流特性和电池性能.实验结果表明:在不同的旋转角度下,电池都体现出较好的工作性能. 相似文献
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Research progress of Pt and Pt-based cathode electrocatalysts for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells 下载免费PDF全文
Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been widely used commercially to solve the energy crisis and environmental pollution. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode is the rate-determining step in PEMFCs. Platinum (Pt) catalysts are used to accelerate the ORR kinetics. Pt's scarcity, high cost, and instability in an acidic environment at high potentials seriously hinder the commercialization of PEMFCs. Therefore, studies should explore electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity, enhanced stability, and low-Pt loading. This review briefly introduces the research progress on Pt and Pt-based ORR electrocatalysts for PEMFCs, including anticorrosion catalyst supports, Pt, and Pt-based alloy electrocatalysts. Advanced preparation technology and material characterization of Pt-based ORR electrocatalysts are necessary to improve the performance and corresponding reaction mechanisms. 相似文献
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流场的结构对于质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的水管理和气体的传递具有十分重要的影响,相关研究一直是燃料电池的研究热点与重点。本文以纯氧气和空气作为阴极氧化剂,通过电池的性能测试、极化曲线和电化学阻抗分析等原位实验,分析了气体的流动与传输、不同流场下的电流密度、入口反应气体浓度等条件对电池性能的影响。实验结果表明,提高氧气浓度可以获得更好的质子交换膜燃料电池性能和最小化活化损失,纯氧气、波状流场的使用效果随进气量的变化而有明显的变化。 相似文献
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Significant progress has been made in the last few years toward synthesizing highly dispersible inorganic catalysts for application in the electrodes of direct methanol fuel cells. In addition, research toward achieving an efficient catalyst supporting matrix has also attracted much attention in recent years. Carbon black- (Vulcan XC-72) supported Platinum and Platinum-Ruthenium catalysts have for long served as the conventional choice as the cathode and the anode catalyst materials, respectively. Oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode and methanol oxidation reaction at the anode occur simultaneously during the operation of a direct methanol fuel cell. However, inefficiencies in these reactions result in a generation of mixed potential. This, in turn, gives rise to reduced cell voltage, increased oxygen stoichiometric ratio, and generation of additional water that is responsible for water flooding in the cathode chamber. In addition, the lack of long-term stability of Pt-Ru anode catalyst, coupled with the tendency of Ru to cross through the polymer electrolyte membrane and eventually get deposited on the cathode, is also a serious drawback. Another source of potential concern is the fact that the natural resource of Pt and the rare earth metal Ru is very limited, and has been predicted to become exhausted very soon. To overcome these problems, new catalyst systems with high methanol tolerance and higher catalytic activity than Pt need to be developed. In addition, the catalyst-supporting matrix is also witnessing a change from traditionally used carbon powder to transition metal carbides and other high-performance materials. This article surveys the recent literature based on the advancements made in the field of highly dispersible inorganic catalysts for application in direct methanol fuel cells, as well as the progress made in the area of catalyst-supporting matrices. 相似文献
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本文借助可视化手段,针对平行流场和蛇形流场,实验研究不同放电电流密度、甲醇浓度、进料温度和入口流量对液相进料直接甲醇燃料电池阳极流场流动阻力特性的影响.结果表明:放电电流密度增加,流场压降随之增加,小电流放电,蛇型流场较平行流场压降增加慢,当超过某一值时,蛇型流场的压降增加较平行流场快;随甲醇浓度的提高,进出口压降均略有减小,且两种流场压降变化趋势一致;随进料温度升高,平行流场压降逐渐增大,蛇彤流场压降变化较小;随着甲醇溶液流量增大,平行流场和蛇行流场压降均逐渐增人,平行流场增加缓慢,蛇形流场压降增加速度远大于平行流场. 相似文献