瞬态电子碰撞激发类氖锗19.6nm X射线激光的理论研究

近来，许多实验室仅采用一个脉宽为几个ps的短脉冲就得到了强放大的软X射线激光.这表明瞬态是来得及电离的.为此，在类氖锗的瞬态电子碰撞激发19.6nm 波长X射线激光研究中，提出了采用低预脉冲产生低电离度的预等离子体，后续一个ps级短脉冲既电离又加热等离子体的驱动方式.并用系列程序进行了模拟.模拟结果表明，这种驱动方式也可以得到高增益. 关键词： X射线激光 等离子体 增益系数 瞬态电子碰撞激发     

具有高光学质量共焦和非共焦自滤波非稳腔的激光束

具有腔内滤光器的共焦和非共焦负支非稳腔应用于高增益、短脉冲紫外予电离氯化氙激光器,在上述两种腔结构,研究了各种空间滤光器条件下的近场和远场辐射特性,获得了有规则强度空间剖面的高亮度激光束,特别是非共焦机构,最大束亮度达1.3×10~(14)瓦·厘米平方·立体角,并且观察到,这种腔结构对于失调的低灵敏度.     

激光增益材料的光诱导损伤特性分析

通过激光放大器获得高功率的激光输出时,增益材料的损伤特性决定了激光器的使用寿命。以激光二极管（LD）端面泵浦的单片钕玻璃激光放大器为例,对泵浦过程增益材料内部的光场特性和热效应引起的端面应变进行了研究。结合电子增殖理论,建立了一个激光增益材料场致损伤特性分析模型。研究了增益材料内部的雪崩电离速率和多光子电离速率的变化规律,并根据临界自由电子数密度确定了材料发生损伤的具体位置。研究结果表明,激光增益材料发生损伤的位置受到信号光初始光强值、脉冲宽度和泵浦光功率密度影响。当初始光场能量一定,脉冲宽度从10 ns增加到13 ns时,损伤点向入射端方向移动大约14 mm。泵浦光功率密度越大,端面热效应越明显,材料更容易发生损伤。     

离子探测法在钠分子光谱研究中的应用

本文首次实现了钠分子体系中离子探测脉冲激光光谱,研究了钠分子电离限附近的高里德堡态,获得了高灵敏度和高增益的光谱,拓宽了分子光谱研究领域。本     

短脉冲强X光泵浦产生光电离三体复合X光激光

 介绍了激光打靶产生短脉冲强X光辐射的方法,给出了打钠靶的数值模拟结果。 数值研究短脉冲强钠X光泵浦氖激光介质的X光激光,通过在氖中加氢的办法降低了电子温 度,有效地提高了激光增益。研究了短脉冲强X光泵浦的高增益光电离三体复合X光激光机 制,提出了在大中型激光器上开展这种X光激光研究的想法。     

毛细管放电X光激光中的预脉冲研究

 为研究毛细管放电X光激光中预脉冲放电对增益的影响，用简化的XDCH程序，模拟计算了聚乙烯毛细管充Ar气、2μs脉宽的预脉冲放电过程，把预放电之后的等离子体温度、密度和电离度作为初始条件，输入XDCH程序，进行40kA典型主脉冲放电的计算模拟，给出了一些典型预放电幅度下的增益和电子密度分布情况。比较分析的结果发现，对2μs脉宽的预脉冲，100A的电流将得到较好的增益，并且预言激光线时间谱可能出现双峰结构，空间谱会出现环状结构。     

瞬态类氖铁x射线激光抽运脉冲结构的优化计算

利用一维拉格朗日流体动力学模拟程序对由纳秒预脉冲和皮秒主脉冲相结合而成的抽运脉冲组合,产生瞬态类氖铁x射线激光(255nm,3p→3s,J=0→1)的过程进行了优化计算.通过对抽运脉冲组合的强度、宽度、脉冲间隔等参数的优化计算,得到了在预脉冲将靶物质充分电离到类氖离化态的前提下(类氖离子丰度>80%),在主预脉冲峰值之间的脉冲间隔为零时,产生有效增益的条件是最好的.这一结论与实验结果相符 关键词： x射线激光 瞬态增益 离子丰度     

双共振激发多光子电离过程中电离光电子谱的量子相干调制

利用缀饰态和微扰理论,研究了双共振激发多光子电离过程中电离光电子谱的量子相干特性,讨论了强场作用下激发脉冲的面积和脉冲间的延迟对多光子电离光电子谱的影响.结果表明,脉冲面积和脉冲间的延迟对电离光电子谱有明显的调制作用.当第一个脉冲的面积和脉冲间的延迟选取合适时,实现了多光子电离光电子谱Autler-Townes分裂以及电离光电子谱中干涉条纹的控制,并且利用这一量子相干控制实现了粒子在两个缀饰态之间的选择性布居;第二个脉冲面积的变化不影响两个缀饰态上的粒子布居几率,但对电离光电子谱有着明显的调制作用.     

超短超强激光脉冲辐照超薄碳膜电离状态研究

为了进一步理解极端条件下物质的电离特性, 特别是超短超强激光脉冲辐照超薄靶时等离子体的形成与分布, 本文以超薄碳膜为例, 细致研究了超短超强激光脉冲辐照下原子的离化过程. 分析和比较了强激光场直接作用电离和靶内静电场电离等两种场致电离形式, 在碰撞电离可以忽略的情况下, 发现更多的电离份额是来自靶内静电场的电离方式. 研究了激光脉冲强度对电离的影响, 发现激光脉冲强度越强, 电离速度越快, 产生的高价态离子所占比例也越高.当激光强度为1×10²⁰ W/cm²时, 尽管该强度高于电离生成C⁺⁶所需要的激光强度阈值, 但该激光脉冲并不能将整个靶电离成C⁺⁶离子, 对此本文进行了详细的分析. 在研究激光脉冲宽度的影响时, 发现激光脉宽越小, 电离速度越快, 但越小的激光脉冲电离获得的高价态离子越少.     

可调增益的纳秒脉冲发生器

本文描述采用火花隙开关和一小段水线的中间储能器(简称短水线中储)的纳秒脉冲发生器。通过改变短水线中储的溶液电阻便可获得不同的电压增益(输出电压对直流充电电压之比)。文中讨论了电参数对电压增益系数K影响;给出了短水线输出电压相对值的数学表达式;并在考虑和忽略开关等效孤道电阻的情况下估计了K值。在同轴的模拟装置上进行过一系列试验研究,电压增益可达1.6倍。该装置是一种可以调节增益的高压纳秒脉冲发生器。实验表明该发生器储能 2.7J时可获得50kV的三个触发脉冲,其抖动τ_j<3ns,上升时间τ_R<30ns。作为一种精密触发用的新的纳秒脉冲发生器在此基础上已建立。它可以在重复频率从0.5Hz,1Hz,直到20Hz的条件下连续工作,所达累计充放电次数已分别为 10~7次,5×10~4次和10~8次。这个新的脉冲发生器工作稳定、可靠。加大储能可输出更多的脉冲。本文对研制小型光脉冲电离激光器的脉冲泵浦装置用发生器有参考价值。     

Influences of finite gain bandwidth on pulse propagation in parabolic fiber amplifiers with distributed gain profiles

The evolutions of the pulses propagating in decreasing and increasing gain distributed fiber amplifiers with finite gain bandwidths are investigated by simulations with the nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation. The results show that the parabolic pulse propagations in both the decreasing and the increasing gain amplifiers are restricted by the finite gain bandwidth. For a given input pulse, by choosing a small initial gain coefficient and gain variation rate, the whole gain for the pulse amplification limited by the gain bandwidth may be higher, which is helpful for the enhancement of the output linearly chirped pulse energy. Compared to the decreasing gain distributed fiber amplifier, the increasing gain distributed amplifier may be more conducive to suppress the pulse spectral broadening and increase the critical amplifier length for achieving a larger output linearly chirped pulse energy.     

Influences of finite gain bandwidth on pulse propagating in parabolic fiber amplifiers with distributed gain profiles

The evolutions of the pulses propagating in decreasing and increasing gain distributed fiber amplifiers with finite gain bandwidths are investigated by simulating with the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The results show that the parabolic pulse propagations in both the decreasing and the increasing gain amplifiers are restricted by the finite gain bandwidth. For a given input pulse, by choosing small initial gain coefficient and gain variation rate, the whole gain for the pulse amplification limited by the gain bandwidth may be higher, which is helpful to the enhancement of the output linearly chirped pulse energy. Compared to the decreasing gain distributed fiber amplifier, the increasing gain distributed amplifier may be more conducive to suppress the pulse spectral broadening and increase the critical amplifier length for achieving a larger output linearly chirped pulse energy.     

非平衡气流与化学激光的增益饱和效应

提出气流与化学激光的“对流-非平衡交叉弛豫”的理论。对于气流介质的湍流和层流混合两类流动模型,分别导出了增益系数和饱和增益谱的表示式;得到了一些新的饱和规律;非饱和增益和饱和增益均与流向距离有关。具有Doppler加宽的饱和放大器的增益线形,呈现非均匀和均匀加宽并存的“反常”现象。本理论与实验结果相符合。 关键词：     

二极管泵浦Nd:YAG圆片激光技术研究

介绍了热容激光技术的发展历史及现状,介绍了固体激光器热容方式工作的基本原理,报道了二极管泵浦NdYAG圆片激光器热容方式工作的实验结果.用热像仪测量了激光器工作时增益介质通光面上的温度分布特性;采用干涉测量的方法测量了工作中的增益介质的与光束传输方向相垂直的方向上的折射率分布特性;结果表明片状固体增益介质热容方式工作对振荡光束波前畸变影响很小.给出了与光束传输方向相垂直的截面上增益介质的荧光分布.得到输出平均功率达47.5 W,此时的光-光转换效率为17%.     

The effect of phase mismatch on two-pump fiber optical parametrical amplifier

In the paper, the effect of phase mismatch on two-pump fiber optical parametric amplifier is investigate based on analytic solutions of parametric gain. The phase mismatch is mainly induced by the fiber losses, the fourth-order dispersion and zero-dispersion wavelength fluctuations. The fiber losses reduce the pump powers resulting in a fall of the parametric gain, and make the phase mismatch vary with propagation distance leading to an obvious gain ripple. When the fiber losses are taken into account, the fourth-order dispersion produces a deeper ripple on the parametric gain and deteriorates the gain flatness. Zero-dispersion wavelength fluctuations result in variations of gain spectrum, and the long-scale fluctuations are more devastating than the short-scale ones.     

Effects of self-fields on electron trajectory and gain in planar wiggler free-electron lasers with two-stream and ion-channel guiding

The effects of self-fields on electron trajectories and gain in planar wiggler free-electron lasers with two-stream and ion-channel guiding are investigated. An analysis of the two-stream quasi-steady-state electron trajectories is given by solving the equation of motion in the presence of ion-channel guiding and the planar wiggler. The electron trajectories and the gain are derived. The stability of the trajectories, the characteristics of the linear gain, and the normalized maximum gain are studied numerically. The numerical calculations show that there are eight group trajectories rather than the two groups reported in the absence of the self-fields. It is also shown that the normalized gain group seven （G7） decreases while the rest increases with the increase in normalized ion-channel frequency. The two-stream instability and the self-field lead to a decrease in the maximum gain, except for G7.     

Design of Raman-parametric fiber amplifier for wavelength division multiplex transmission system

We optimize the novel configuration of a hybrid fiber amplifier - Raman assisted-fiber-based optical parametric amplifier （R-FOPA）, in which the parametric gain and Raman gain profiles are combined to achieve a flat composite gain profile. The pump powers and the fiber length in the hybrid amplifier are effectively optimized by genetic algorithm （GA） scheme. The optimization results indicate that the RFOPA can achieve a 200-nm flat bandwidth spectrum with the gain of 20 dB and ripple of less than 4 dB.     

周期排列共振放大介质的小信号增益特性研究

研究一维周期排列共振放大介质的小信号增益特性.研究结果表明小信号增益随着作用长度的增加表现出异常的放大特性.在满足严格布拉格共振条件下，介质折射率分布形成的带隙和增益效应之间的相互竞争决定了透射光场的变化.进一步讨论了增益大小与激子参数和共振原子之间的依赖关系. 关键词： 周期共振放大介质 小信号增益 光子带隙     

All-optical switching of solitons in an active nonlinear directional coupler

A numerical study of the all-optical switching properties of an active nonlinear directional coupler is presented. The switching power is reduced for both CW and soliton inputs because of the gain. The switching properties of the coupler are enhanced for solitons, which switch nearly completely. For ultrashort pulses, the effects of the bandwidth of the gain medium are considered by using a general form for the gain band. The gain spectrum of erbium is also considered as a specific example.     

Gain enhancement in two-stream free electron laser with planar wiggler and axial guide magnetic field

The theory for the two-stream free electron laser (FEL) consisting of a relativistic electron beam transported along the axis of a planar wiggler in the presence of an axial guiding magnetic field is proposed and investigated. The electron trajectories and the small signal gain are derived. The characteristic of the linear gain and the normalized maximum gain are studied numerically. The result shows that the normalized maximum gain is considerably enhanced in comparison with that of the single stream. The effect of the difference between the energies of the two beams in this configuration of FEL is also considered, and we find that the gain is affected by the energy differences between groups 1 and 2.