非线性相互作用下三qubit系统中的量子关联

通过对系统施加不同的非线性作用,利用量子关联的几何度量,研究了三个qubit体系中的两体量子关联.不同的非线性相互作用模型都能使系统产生最大值为0.1752的量子关联.z方向的横场对量子关联的优化有控制作用,对于三个模型,通过调节z方向的横场,系统能产生最大值为0.09645的平均量子关联.最佳组合的三个横场,不仅能够大幅度提高量子关联的振荡周期,使得两qubit长时间处于量子关联态,而且还能够提高两qubit的平均量子关联.     

一轴模型和横场一轴模型中的量子态保真度

针对一轴模型和横场一轴模型, 研究了自旋压缩演化过程中的量子态的量子保真度, 结果表明：量子态在一轴模型作用下, 保真度呈周期性演化.对于偶粒子数N 个qubit系统, 演化周期为T=2*pi , 在T/4 时刻, 3T/4保真度始终能保持为0.5, 在T/2 时刻,保真度为零,量子态完全失真.对于奇粒子数 N个qubit系统,演化周期为 pi,比较于偶粒子数N 的情况,在T/4,T/2, 3T/4时刻,保真度依赖于粒子数N ;在横场一轴模型中, 横场强度的增加不仅有利于自旋压缩的提高, 还有利于量子保真度的提高.     

量子态的等价类与量子逻辑门

在量子力学中,态的演化是一个幺正演化过程,态的演化过程可以用演化算子对态的作用来表示,幺正演化过程是时间可逆的.基于这一基本事实,Gerard't Hoofl引进了量子态的等价类概念,并用两组等价类之间的变换来描述量子态的幺正演化.本文利用等价类的概念及其变换来探究构建量子信息论中常用的通用量子门,给出通用量子门的推广形式.最后说明这些通用量子门可以基于双qubit体系内在的相互作用Hamilton量得以实现.     

多功能量子远程传态网络

连续变量量子远程传态在构建连续变量量子计算以及量子信息网络中发挥着重要作用.随着量子信息研究的深入发展,人们对多组份的量子远程传态以及它的灵活多样性、可控性等方面提出了更高的要求.本文提出了一种多功能量子远程传态网络的理论构建方案,首先将两对Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen纠缠态光场相互耦合,获得具有特殊量子关联的4个光场模式,然后以此为量子资源构建功能性完全不同的两类量子远程传态网络,一类是仅能传送一个未知量子态的可控性量子远程传态网络,一类是可以同时传送两个未知量子态的量子远程传态网络.本文分别从控制方的数量、可传送未知量子态的数量、保真度等多方面分析了不同功能量子远程传态网络的应用特点及优势.该方案中仅利用同一种量子资源实现了量子远程传态网络的多类型构建,且量子资源的制备方式简易,易于向更多组份扩展,这些优势都为以后建立更大规模更加复杂的量子信息网络提供了更多更广阔的应用前景,加快了量子信息实用化的步伐.     

基于袋鼠纠缠跳跃模型的量子状态自适应跳变通信策略

自由空间中的量子通信会不同程度上受到雾霾、沙尘等自然环境的干扰.为了研究提升此类干扰下量子通信的性能,本文分析了背景干扰下单量子态信道随时间演化的性能变化,并根据袋鼠纠缠跳跃模型(KEHM),提出了基于KEHM的量子状态自适应跳变通信策略,对其性能参数进行仿真.仿真结果表明,采取量子状态跳变,在背景量子噪声的平均功率与量子信号平均功率的比值为5的情况下,量子误比特率随着量子态跳频率从1增大到15,由0.4524降低到0.1116;当单量子态传输成功率0.95,量子比特率大于200 qubit/s时,不同态跳频率下量子比特的成功传输概率均大于0.97.当发送端信号源平均量子数足够大且接收端接收效率趋近于1时,量子态的通过率也趋近于1;采取量子态跳自适应控制策略,能够进一步降低系统的误码率.     

量子网络中任意两个网点间量子态的隐形传送

提出了在量子网络中任意两个网点间进行量子态的隐形传送的方案.在我们的方案中,应用了n个粒子的缠结态作为量子通道.对于非最大缠结态,我们讨论了量子态的几率隐形传送问题.     

双自旋系统中的量子失协问题研究

利用量子失协的几何度量方案研究了双自旋海森堡模型中的量子关联特性, 得到了一般情形下两量子态量子失协度的解析表达式, 讨论了量子位之间的耦合强度、温度和外加磁场强度等对量子关联大小的影响, 并给出了对应的量子关联调控方案. 此外还发现在低温下量子失协存在突变的现象. 结果表明, 在双自旋的海森堡模型体系下, 可以通过对系统参数(如温度、耦合强度、磁场强度等)的调节来实现对量子关联大小的有效调控, 这将会对在量子信息科学中精确控制量子失协和实现量子态的隐形传输以及量子逻辑门的设计提供一定的借鉴和指导意义.     

退相干条件下两比特纠缠态的量子非局域关联检验

量子纠缠态的量子非局域关联特性在当前量子信息和量子计算协议中起着重要的作用.然而,任何实际的物理系统都不可避免地与周围环境相互作用,使得在量子信道中的传输过程中,量子态会发生相干性退化,进而弱化量子态的量子非局域关联特性.本文利用一种基于Hardy-type佯谬的高概率量子非局域关联检验方案,分别研究了两比特偏振纠缠态在经过振幅阻尼信道(ADC)、相位阻尼信道(PDC)和退极化阻尼信道(DC)后的量子非局域关联检验情况.研究结果表明,DC传输信道对量子态的量子非局域关联检验特性影响较大,而PDC传输信道对量子态的量子非局域关联检验特性影响较小.最后,本文还给出了利用弱测量结合弱测量反转操作克服ADC退相干时,偏振纠缠态成功进行量子非局域关联检验的条件.结果表明,当弱测量的强度增大时,可有效地降低ADC退相干效应对偏振纠缠态成功进行量子非局域关联检验造成的影响.     

探测器对量子增强马赫-曾德尔干涉仪相位测量灵敏度的影响

研究了强度差测量方案下,探测器量子效率对光子数态、关联数态、压缩真空态三种量子光源注入的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪相位测量灵敏度的影响.获得了相位测量灵敏度与效率的定量关系,比较了探测效率对不同量子态注入的干涉仪相位灵敏度的影响.研究表明：光子数态注入时,相位测量灵敏度始终不能超越标准量子极限;关联数态注入时,无论多大的光子数,要获得相位测量的量子增强,探测效率不得小于75%;对于压缩真空态,只要有压缩存在就可以获得一定的相位测量的量子增强;关联数态、压缩真空态的注入,相位灵敏度皆随探测效率的增大而不同程度的提高,且压缩真空态比关联数态具有更好的量子增强效果.给出了在量子增强的精密测量实验中对探测效率的要求,并结合实际应用说明了探测效率的提高有助于提高干涉仪探测的灵敏度.     

量子直接传态

把一个任意量子态在既有噪声又有窃听的信道下安全可靠地传输,是一个广泛而重要的问题.现在已有的方法是先传输大量的Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)纠缠对,然后进行纠缠纯化,获得一对近似完美的纠缠对,再进行隐形传态或者远程态制备来传输量子态.本文给出一种直接安全传输量子态的方法,通过使用量子直接通信,安全地传输大量同样的任意量子态,然后利用单量子态的纯化方法,得到一个近于完美的量子态.这是一种不需要量子纠缠的量子态安全传输方法,避免使用纠缠资源.这种方案是量子隐形传态和远程态制备之外的又一途径.此外,这一方案将原来只是用来传输经典信息的量子安全直接通信扩展到传输任意量子态的新领域,扩大了量子直接通信的用途.这一方案将在未来量子互联网中有重要的应用.     

Mode analysis of surface plasmon metal-dielectric-metal nanowire array waveguide at sub-wavelength scale

The investigation of quantum and classical correlations has mostly concentrated on two-qubit states because the minimization in the classical correlation is quite complicated for high-dimensional states. Thermal quantum and classical correlations are studied for a two-qutrit system with various coupling constants, external magnetic fields, and temperatures as well, where the quantum correlation is described in terms of the quantum discord that has been extensively used in recent literature. The entanglement negativity is calculated for comparison. It is shown that the discord is nonzero whereas the negativity is zero in some ranges of system parameters and temperature. Moreover, the discord is more robust than the entanglement against temperature and magnetic field. However, at lower temperatures all three correlations behave similarly. Those are useful for understanding quantum correlations in high-dimensional mixed states and quantum information processing.     

Pairwise Quantum Correlations for Superpositions of Dicke States

Pairwise correlation is really an important property for multi-qubit states. For the two-qubit X states extracted from Dicke states and their superposition states, we obtain a compact expression of the quantum discord by numerical check. We then apply the expression to discuss the quantum correlation of the reduced two-qubit states of Dicke states and their superpositions, and the results are compared with those obtained by entanglement of formation, which is a quantum entanglement measure.     

Monogamy relations of nonclassical correlations for multi-qubit states

Nonclassical correlations have been found useful in many quantum information processing tasks, and various measures have been proposed to quantify these correlations. In this work, we mainly study one of nonclassical correlations, called measurement-induced nonlocality (MIN). First, we establish a close connection between this nonlocal effect and the Bell nonlocality for two-qubit states. Then, we derive a tight monogamy relation of MIN for any pure three-qubit state and provide an alternative way to obtain similar monogamy relations for other nonclassical correlation measures, including squared negativity, quantum discord, and geometric quantum discord. Finally, we find that the tight monogamy relation of MIN is violated by some mixed three-qubit states, however, a weaker monogamy relation of MIN for mixed states and even multi-qubit states is still obtained.     

Steady Quantum Discord Behavior for Two Qubits Heisenberg XYZ Chain with Intrinsic Decoherence

By taking into account the intrinsic decoherence and the nonuniform magnetic field, quantum discord (QD) and steady quantum discord (SQD) behavior of a two-qubit anisotropic Heisenberg XYZ chain with different initial states are investigated. We find that properly tuning the external and self parameters not only can improve the quantum correlation and steady quantum correlation but also can weaken the effects of decoherence such as increasing anisotropic parameter Δ, decreasing B or b. When t is infinity, the SQD value and the physical about the SQD phenomenon are studied in detail, the SQD value is strongly dependent on the external and self parameters, which is increased evidently by increasing anisotropic parameter and decreasing nonuniform field. Through analyzing the physical about SQD phenomenon, the conditions about the existence of SQD phenomenon are analyzed with different initial states. These investigations can imply us more control parameters on quantum correlation and steady quantum correlation in solid state systems.     

Quantum Correlations in Heisenberg XY Chain

Quantum correlations measured by quantum discord (QD), measurement-induced distance (MID), and geometric measure of quantum discord (GMQD) in two-qubit Heisenberg XY spin chain are investigated. The effects of DM interaction and anisotropic on the three correlations are considered. Characteristics of various correlation measures for the two-qubit states are compared. The increasing D z increases QD, MID and GMQD monotonously while the increasing anisotropy both increases and decreases QD and GMQD. The three quantum correlations are always existent at very high temperature. MID is always larger than QD, but there is no definite ordering between QD and GMQD.     

Geometric Global Quantum Discord of Two-qubit X States

In this paper, we find that the geometric global quantum discord proposed by Xu and the total quantum correlations proposed by Hassan and Joag are identical. Moreover, we work out the analytical formulas of the geometric global quantum discord and geometric quantum discord both for two-qubit X states, respectively. We further illustrate how to use these formulas to deal with a few particular examples. We also compare the results achieved by using three kinds of geometric quantum discords. The geometric quantum discord is verified as a tight lower bound of the geometric global quantum discord for two-qubit X states.     

Tavis-Cummings模型中的几何量子失协特性

采用几何量子失协的计算方法,通过改变两原子初始状态、腔内光子数和偶极-偶极相互作用强度,研究了Tavis-Cummings模型中的几何量子失协特性.结果表明:几何量子失协都是随时间周期性振荡的,选取适当的初态可以使两原子一直保持失协状态,增加腔内光子数和偶极相互作用对几何量子失协有积极的影响.     

Symmetric quantum discord for a two-qubit state

We discuss the symmetric quantum discord(SQD) for an arbitrary two-qubit state consisting of subsystems A and B and give the analysis formula of the symmetric quantum discord for the arbitrary two-qubit state. We also give the optimization process of the symmetric quantum discord for some states and obtain the symmetric quantum discord. We compare the quantum discord(QD) with the symmetric quantum discord, and find that the symmetric quantum discord is greater than the quantum discord. We also find that the symmetric quantum discord can be unequal to the quantum discord when the right quantum discord(measure on subsystem B) is equal to the left quantum discord(measure on subsystem A).     

Quantum and classical correlations for a two-qubit X structure density matrix

We derive explicit expressions for quantum discord and classical correlation for an X structure density matrix. Based on the characteristics of the expressions, the quantum discord and the classical correlation are easily obtained and compared under different initial conditions using a novel analytical method. We explain the relationships among quantum discord, classical correlation, and entanglement, and further find that the quantum discord is not always larger than the entanglement measured by concurrence in a general two-qubit X state. The new method, which is different from previous approaches, has certain guiding significance for analysing quantum discord and classical correlation of a two-qubit X state, such as a mixed state.