QL-Born迭代法电磁散射计算

积分方程法是多维电磁响应的数值模拟和反演计算的有效方法之一.在线性化散射电磁场积分方程的基础上,采用迭代Born近似法进行了电导率成像反演.针对迭代Born近似法反演依赖初始模型,而QL近似法无需给定初值的特点,提出了两步法(QL-Born迭代法),用QL近似法计算的结果作为Born迭代法的初始模型,避免人为设置初值,并进行了数值实验.     

资源探测中应用波动方程的反演方法

在对物质的内部结构的探测中，反演算的运用起到了决定性的作用。文章就反演算中的方程的病态性质、计算的稳定性等几个难点进行论述，并探讨解决他们的方法。     

遗传算法在柱状高温气冷堆换料优化问题中的应用

堆芯换料方案的优化是一个典型的组合优化问题,其搜索空间异常庞大。传统的优化算法很难在如此巨大的搜索空间中寻找出全局最优解。遗传算法以其优良的自适应能力和优化能力,为组合优化问题提供了一个非常有效的解决途径。采用遗传算法对柱状高温气冷堆堆芯装料方案进行了优化,并编写了相应程序。为了提高堆物理的计算精度,堆芯临界计算采用26群输运计算。由于多群输运计算需要大量计算时间,为此对遗传算法进行了并行优化。为了验证遗传算法对柱状高温气冷堆换料的优化能力,构造了一个8组件的小型柱状高温气冷堆换料优化基准题。结果表明,遗传算法在柱状高温气冷堆换料优化问题中具有良好的优化能力和计算稳定性。     

行波管中慢电磁行波与电子注非线性互作用普遍理论

在同时考虑多信号输入和相对论效应的情况下，利用波导激励理论获得了行波管中慢电磁行波与电子注非线性互作用的全三维自洽工作方程组，包括激发方程、运动方程、能量转化方程、相位演化方程等，适合大部分行波管中慢电磁行波与电子注的非线性互作用过程.利用该理论具体分析了一个宽带螺旋线行波管在多信号输入时的交叉调制，并与实验结果进行了比较，验证了理论和计算的正确性.另外，还模拟了一个相对论盘荷波导行波管中的非线性注波互作用过程. 关键词： 行波管 慢电磁行波 非线性注波互作用 交叉调制     

复合电磁同心球系统的成像电子光学. D章:近轴方程渐近解（英文）

首次探讨了复合电磁同心球系统近轴方程的渐近解。推导了复合电磁同心球系统中近轴方程两个特解的渐近解中各类系数的表达式。通过复合电磁同心球系统两个特解精确解的验证,证明了Monastyrski[Journal of Technical Physics,1978,48(6):1117-1122]提出的用渐近解求解成像电子光学近轴方程两个特解的方法正确且可行,仅个别之处需要改进。     

混入逃逸函数的实数编码遗传算法优化光学系统

为了得到超多参量光学系统的最佳设计,将标准遗传算法的二进制编码改为实数编码以提高算法的鲁棒性和计算效率,并在评价函数中混入逃逸函数避免优化过程陷入局部极值.用改进后的遗传算法和CODE V对鱼眼镜头光学系统和折反射全景成像系统的设计案例进行光学参量优化,并应用Zemax对两种优化结果进行光线追迹成像模拟.计算结果表明,应用改进遗传算法比混入逃逸函数的遗传算法或CODE V软件优化所得到光学系统的成像质量有明显提高,在优化超多参量光学系统时具有较为理想的鲁棒性和计算效率.     

5kJ高温超导环型储能磁体电磁优化设计

电磁优化设计在高温超导磁体的设计中占有至关重要的地位。文中应用MATLAB中的遗传算法工具箱并结合ANSYS有限元仿真计算,对高温超导储能磁体进行了电磁优化设计,给出了用AMSC公司生产的YBCO带材进行储能量为5kJ的环型磁体的电磁优化设计的结果,并对优化设计的结果进行了分析和总结。     

复合电磁同心球系统的成像电子光学.A章:近轴光学

通过复合电磁同心球系统的理想模型,对成像电子光学近轴方程的轨迹求解进行探讨。首次推导了该系统的近轴电子轨迹的转角及近轴方程的两个特解的解析表达式,探讨了近轴成像性质,并将结果推广到两电极静电同心球系统、均匀平行复合电磁系统和静电近贴系统中。     

高速转镜干涉成像光谱仪

介绍一种高速转镜干涉光谱仪原理，提出一种基于该原理的干涉成像光谱仪，该成像光谱仪有较大视场角，提高了扫描效率，特点是用带有倾角平面反射镜转动代替传统Michelson干涉成像光谱仪动镜的直线运动，解决了Michelson干涉成像光谱仪扫描效率低和不稳定的难题.     

线性代数方程组正交化行处理法

给出了一种结合正交化方法和行处理法求解ｎ阶非奇异线性代数方程组计算方法。该方法经ｎ次迭代必收敛至理论上的精确解，且该方法对求解病态方程有效。     

离散牛顿正则化方法及应用

把离散Newton法和解不适定问题的正则化方法结合起来,给出了离散Newton正则化方法的迭代格式,并给出了这种迭代格式的收敛性分析的结果。最后考虑了这种方法在微分方程反问题上的应用,数值计算结果表明了这种方法的有效性。     

Local spectral time-domain method for electromagnetic wave propagation

We explore the feasibility of using a local spectral time-domain (LSTD) method to solve Maxwell's equations that arise in optical and electromagnetic applications. The discrete singular convolution (DSC) algorithm is implemented in the LSTD method for spatial derivatives. Fourier analysis of the dispersive error of the DSC algorithm indicates that its grid density requirement for accurate simulations can be as low as approximately two grid points per wavelength. The analysis is further confirmed by numerical experiments. Our study reveals that the LSTD method has the potential to yield high resolution for solving large-scale electromagnetic problems.     

3维全电磁粒子模拟大规模并行程序NEPTUNE

 介绍了自主编制的3维全电磁粒子模拟大规模并行程序NEPTUNE的基本情况。该程序具备对多种典型高功率微波源器件的3维模拟能力,可以在数百乃至上千个CPU上稳定运行。该程序使用时域有限差分(FDTD)方法更新计算电磁场,采用Buneman-Boris算法更新粒子运动状态,运用质点网格法（PIC）处理粒子与电磁场的耦合关系,最后利用Boris方法求解泊松方程对电场散度进行修正,以确保计算精度。该程序初步具备复杂几何结构建模能力,可以对典型高功率微波器件中常见的一些复杂结构,如任意边界形状的轴对称几何体、正交投影面几何体,慢波结构、耦合孔洞、金属线和曲面薄膜等进行几何建模。该程序将理想导体边界、外加波边界、粒子发射与吸收边界及完全匹配层边界等物理边界应用于几何边界上,实现了数值计算的封闭求解。最后以算例的形式,介绍了使用NEPTUNE程序对磁绝缘线振荡器、相对论返波管、虚阴极振荡器及相对论速调管等典型高功率微波源器件进行的模拟计算情况,验证了模拟计算结果的可靠性,同时给出了并行效率的分布情况。     

On the use of the resting potential and level set methods for identifying ischemic heart disease: An inverse problem

The electrical activity in the heart is modeled by a complex, nonlinear, fully coupled system of differential equations. Several scientists have studied how this model, referred to as the bidomain model, can be modified to incorporate the effect of heart infarctions on simulated ECG (electrocardiogram) recordings.We are concerned with the associated inverse problem; how can we use ECG recordings and mathematical models to identify the position, size and shape of heart infarctions? Due to the extreme CPU efforts needed to solve the bidomain equations, this model, in its full complexity, is not well-suited for this kind of problems. In this paper we show how biological knowledge about the resting potential in the heart and level set techniques can be combined to derive a suitable stationary model, expressed in terms of an elliptic PDE, for such applications. This approach leads to a nonlinear ill-posed minimization problem, which we propose to regularize and solve with a simple iterative scheme.Finally, our theoretical findings are illuminated through a series of computer simulations for an experimental setup involving a realistic heart in torso geometry. More specifically, experiments with synthetic ECG recordings, produced by solving the bidomain model, indicate that our method manages to identify the physical characteristics of the ischemic region(s) in the heart. Furthermore, the ill-posed nature of this inverse problem is explored, i.e. several quantitative issues of our scheme are explored.     

An Acceleration Algorithm for Image Reconstruction Based on Continuous-Discrete Mapping Model

In image reconstruction for X-ray computed tomography, images reconstructed by filtered backprojection (FBP) include systematic errors because the FBP method does not take into account some of the properties of the actual imaging system such as the divergence of X-ray beam. One solution to this problem is to use algebraic reconstruction methods, such as generalized analytic reconstruction from discrete samples and natural pixel decomposition. However, in the process of reconstruction using these methods, it is necessary to solve the linear algebraic equations which have a large coefficient matrix. In this paper, we propose a method to accelerate the iteration solving these equations by preconditioning the coefficient matrix using a polynomial function. The results of the computer simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

A Compton scattering image reconstruction algorithm based on total variation minimization

Compton scattering imaging is a novel radiation imaging method using scattered photons.Its main characteristics are detectors that do not have to be on the opposite side of the source,so avoiding the rotation process.The reconstruction problem of Compton scattering imaging is the inverse problem to solve electron densities from nonlinear equations,which is ill-posed.This means the solution exhibits instability and sensitivity to noise or erroneous measurements.Using the theory for reconstruction of sparse images,a reconstruction algorithm based on total variation minimization is proposed.The reconstruction problem is described as an optimization problem with nonlinear data-consistency constraint.The simulated results show that the proposed algorithm could reduce reconstruction error and improve image quality,especially when there are not enough measurements.     

A full vectorial contrast source inversion scheme for three-dimensional acoustic imaging of both compressibility and density profiles

Imaging the two acoustic medium parameters density and compressibility requires the use of both the acoustic pressure and velocity wave fields, described via integral equations. Imaging is based on solving for the unknown medium parameters using known measured scattered wave fields, and it is difficult to solve this ill-posed inverse problem directly using a conjugate gradient inversion scheme. Here, a contrast source inversion method is used in which the contrast sources, defined via the product of changes in compressibility and density with the pressure and velocity wave fields, respectively, are computed iteratively. After each update of the contrast sources, an update of the medium parameters is obtained. Total variation as multiplicative regularization is used to minimize blurring in the reconstructed contrasts. The method successfully reconstructed three-dimensional contrast profiles based on changes in both density and compressibility, using synthetic data both with and without 50% white noise. The results were compared with imaging based only on the pressure wave field, where speed of sound profiles were solely based on changes in compressibility. It was found that the results improved significantly by using the full vectorial method when changes in speed of sound depended on changes in both compressibility and density.     

Novel Numerical Method to Model Multichannel Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier

We propose a novel numerical method based on genetic algorithm (GA) to solve the evolution equations that are the basis of modeling multichannel erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). The evolution equations are first transformed from an iteration problem to an optimization problem. The unknown parameter related to backward amplified spontaneous emission (BASE) is coded into a string of bits based on their probable lower and upper limits. By defining proper random variation operators and cost function, the coupled evolution equations are optimized using GA for different values of erbium-doped fiber parameters. It is observed that GA is an efficient method for analyzing the EDFA characteristics in the entire C-band.     

非结构混合网格上的NS方程求解方法

提出了一套较为通用的,完全自动化的非结构混合网格生成方法.在物面粘性作用区,采用一种改进的推进层方法生成三棱柱形和金字塔形网格;在其他流动区域采用阵面推进方法生成四面体网格.采用一种改进精度的格心有限体积法对三维NS方程进行了求解,在加速收敛措施方面,提出了一种新的当地时间步长取定方法来减小质量较差的网格单元对流场计算稳定性和收敛速度的不利影响.以M6机翼和DLR/F4翼身组合体外形的粘性流场作为数值算例,验证了上述网格生成和流场求解方法的正确性和实用性.     

The form-invariance of wave equations without requiring a priori relations between field variables

According to the principle of relativity,the equations describing the laws of physics should have the same forms in all admissible frames of reference,i.e.,form-invariance is an intrinsic property of correct wave equations.However,so far in the design of metamaterials by transformation methods,the form-invariance is always proved by using certain relations between field variables before and after coordinate transformation.The main contribution of this paper is to give general proofs of form-invariance of electromagnetic,sound and elastic wave equations in the global Cartesian coordinate system without using any assumption of the relation between field variables.The results show that electromagnetic wave equations and sound wave equations are intrinsically form-invariant,but traditional elastodynamic equations are not.As a by-product,one can naturally obtain new elastodynamic equations in the time domain that are locally accurate to describe the elastic wave propagation in inhomogeneous media.The validity of these new equations is demonstrated by some numerical simulations of a perfect elastic wave rotator and an approximate elastic wave cloak.These findings are important for solving inverse scattering problems in many fields such as seismology,nondestructive evaluation and metamaterials.