对称型二烷氨基蒽醌的三阶非线性光学性质研究

研究了对称型二烷氨基蒽醌的三阶非线性光学性质。通过三维简并四波混频实验对１１种低浓度溶液样品的测试，其三阶非线性极化率｜χ（３）｜达１．８～３．４×１０－１３ｅｓｕ，分子的三阶非线性超极化率γ达１．９～３．５×１０－３１ｅｓｕ。讨论了分子结构对三阶非线性光学性质的影响。     

不对称五氮齿大环金属配合物的光克尔效应

用飞秒脉冲激光作光源,利用泵浦－－探测方法测量了９个不对称五氮齿大环金属配合 物的时间分辨光克尔效应的响应信号,据此得到了它们的三阶光学非线性极化率ｘ＾（３）１１１１＝１．１９－３．３８×１０＾－１３ｅｓｕ和分子二阶超极化率γ１１１１＝８．０×１０＾－３２－２．８３×１０＾－３１ｅｓｕ以及光克尔效应响应不大于１６５ｆｓ等信息,讨论了周边取代基,中心金属离子和共轭π电子数对配合物三阶光学非线性极化率     

1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚薄膜的非线性光学特性研究

运用Ｚ扫描方法研究了１－（２－吡啶偶氮）－２－萘酚薄膜的非线性光学特性。用皮秒脉冲激光测得在５３２ ｎｍ 处、光强较低时χ（３）Ｒ ＝ １．２９×１０－ ９ ｅｓｕ, β＝ ４２ ｃｍ ／ＧＷ; 同时研究了不同光脉冲能量时的非线性吸收特性, 发现其非线性吸收随着光强的增大由反饱和吸收转为饱和吸收     

富勒烯C60的近共振非线性光学响应

利用锁模Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光器的５０ｐｓ和信频光输出对Ｃ_（６０）甲苯溶液及Ｃ_（６０）膜进行了时间分辨简并回波混频测量．从溶液及膜都观察到一个很快的非线性光学响应．而一个较长寿命的成分仅在溶液中见到．由实验结果可以推算得Ｃ_（６０）的近共振三阶非线性光学极化率为（３．６±１．４）×１０（－１０）ｅｓｕ．     

二茂铁衍生物的二阶非线性光学性质研究

合成了一种具有较大二阶非线性效应的给－受体型金属有机分子（反式）－［１－二茂铁基－２－（４－硝基苯基）乙烯］，该分子在不同极性溶剂中变色效应十分显著，用电场诱导二次谐波方法测定其二阶非线性极化率为３２．１×１０－３０ｅｓｕ，非线性光学活性明显优于结构类似的苯衍生物。     

Z—扫描技术及其应用

文章介绍了Ｚ－扫描技术的原理、特点及其应用，分析了单色Ｚ－扫描法测量非线性折射系数和非线性吸收系数，以及双色Ｚ－扫描法研究非简并非线性光学效应．     

用Z扫描方法测量掺C60有机改良介质的非线性折射率

用Ｚ扫描方法和波长１．０６４μｍ、脉宽１５０ｐｓ的锁模激光测定了Ｃ６０／ＮＨ２－（ＣＨ２）３－Ｓｉ（ＯＣ２Ｈ５）３（简称Ｃ６０／ＫＨ５５０）溶胶和凝胶的三阶光学非线性系数。理论拟合曲线计算得出，溶胶复合材料的非线性折射率ｎ２＝５．６×１０－１２ｅｓｕ，经两天凝结之后的凝胶复合材料的ｎ２＝６．２×１０－１２ｅｓｕ。在相同的激光强度下溶胶和凝胶的不同透过率归因于溶胶液体对激光的非线性散射。     

本征型光学双稳实验

本征型光学双稳实验焦鹏飞（北京大学物理系，１００８７１）本实验用Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光器为光源，染料溶液为非线性介质，ＫＤ＊Ｐ晶体为光强调制器．实验能记录多阶双稳，并能在屏幕上显示双稳物理过程．一、引言光学双稳器件由于它具有实现全光逻辑运算和在光通讯、光信息...     

附加克尔介质Jaynes－Cummings模型的场熵演化

研究了附加克尔（Ｋｅｒｒ）介质Ｊａｙｎｅｓ－Ｃｕｍｍｉｎｇｓ（Ｊ－Ｃ）模型场熵演化的动力学特性，讨论了克尔介质非线性相互作用以及失谐量对场熵演化的影响．     

手性分子介质非线性光学研究新进展

文章介绍了近年来手性分子介质及材料的非线性光学性质的研究状况，综述了手性分子非线性微观模型的使用情况，给出了一些典型的二阶、三阶非线性光学实验结果，用这些微观模型可以正确地分析这些结果．同时指出了未来研究的趋势，及研究成果可能应用的领域．     

茉莉花中7种金属元素含量及其浸出率研究

茉莉花是我国的健康饮品,由于茉莉花具有药食两用功效,本实验对茉莉花中7种金属元素含量进行了研究,结果表明,茉莉花中含有丰富的人体所必需的金属矿质元素,K、Ca、Mg的含量较多,具有较高的开发利用价值,但不同金属元素含量存在差异。同时对茉莉花进行了全量浸提,不同元素的浸提率存在一定的差异,其中K的浸出率最高。研究结果对人们日常正确选择饮用花茶提供了一定的理论依据,具有一定的实际意义和推广价值。     

Modulation instability of lower hybrid waves leading to cusp solitons in electron–positron(hole)–ion Thomas Fermi plasma

Following the idea of three‐wave resonant interactions of lower hybrid waves, it is shown that quantum‐modified lower hybrid (QLH) wave in electron–positron–ion plasma with spatial dispersion can decay into another QLH wave (where electron and positrons are activated, whereas ions remain in the background) and another ultra‐low frequency quantum‐modified ultra‐low frequency Lower Hybrid (QULH) (where ions are mobile). Quantum effects like Bohm potential and Fermi pressure on the lower hybrid wave significantly reshaped the dispersion properties of these waves. Later, a set of non‐linear Zakharov equations were derived to consider the formation of QLH wave solitons, with the non‐linear contribution from the QLH waves. Furthermore, modulational instability of the lower hybrid wave solitons is investigated, and consequently, its growth rates are examined for different limiting cases. As the growth rate associated with the three‐wave resonant interaction is generally smaller than the growth associated with the modulational instability, only the latter have been investigated. Soliton solutions from the set of coupled Zakharov and NLS equations in the quasi‐stationary regime have been studied. Ordinary solitons are an attribute of non‐linearity, whereas a cusp soliton solution featured by nonlocal nonlinearity has also been studied. Such an approach to lower hybrid waves and cusp solitons study in Fermi gas comprising electron positron and ions is new and important. The general results obtained in this quantum plasma theory will have widespread applicability, particularly for processes in high‐energy plasma–laser interactions set for laboratory astrophysics and solid‐state plasmas.     

新型Kerr介质中非线性光学效应的研究

本文通过z扫描方法重新研究中国茶的酒精或水溶液的非线性光学效应,表明它们仅与介质中光热感应的负透镜效应相关。 关键词：     

Using Regularization Methods for Image Reconstruction of Electrical Capacitance Tomography

Image reconstruction of electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is a typical inverse problem owing to non‐linearity and ill‐posedness. At the same time, progress towards the solution of this kind of problem has been made at good speed as a branch of mathematics in the past three decades. In this paper, most of the regularization tools developed for the inverse problem are applied to the reconstruction of various simulated images by ECT. The results show promise for ECT image reconstruction by regularization methods. The non‐linearity of the sensitivity matrix seems to be the major problem.     

茶叶定性和定量近红外光谱分析方法研究

分别采集了茉莉花茶、苦丁茶、龙井和铁观音4个种类茶叶共120个样本,利用NIRSystems6500型近红外光谱分析仪对样本进行光谱测量,应用近红外光谱分析技术对茶叶进行定性和定量分析。采用主成分分析法,结合聚类分析法,对4种类别的茶叶进行定性鉴别,通过对不同光谱数据预处理方式和不确定因子系数进行比较,确立了最优定性判别定标模型。同时,采用修正的偏最小二乘法,比较不同光谱预处理方法对定标模型的影响,建立了茶叶中水分、茶多酚和咖啡碱含量的定量分析模型,并对未知样本进行预测。定性分析模型的种类识别准确率达到100％,定量分析模型的决定系数均大于0.91,相对分析误差RPD均大于3。结果表明,利用NIRS分析技术可以快速定性和定量分析鉴别茶叶的类别和成分含量。     

不同生色团对聚合物薄膜全光开关效应的影响

在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)中掺人不同的偶氮染料并制成薄膜样品,以调制的线偏振Ar^ 激光(514nrn,CW)作为控制光,He-Ne激光(632．8nm,CW)为信号光,研究了样品的光致双折射效应及全光开关效应。通过对样品的响应特性和全光开关效应进行比较,发现电子推拉势较强的生色团分子在控制光作用下,可以产生较大的光致双折射效应,但光响应速度较慢,其光致双折射效应以光致异构取向为主要机制;而对于具有较弱电子推拉势的生色团分子,其光致双折射效应则主要来自光致异构烧孔机制,虽然其光致双折射效应小,但光响应速度快。     

Determination of polyphenols in tea by a new method spectrophotometry

The authors developed a method for the determination of tea polyphenols. Phenanthroline is a sensitive regent for the determination of Fe2+, it can react with Fe2+ to form an orange complex in acidic solution. A new spectrophotometric method was proposed for the determination of tea polyphenols in tea samples based on that tea polyphenols could react with Fe3+ to produce Fe2+, and the orange complex would be formed by the reaction of Fe2+ with Phenanthroline in acidic solution. In the presence of positive iron surfactant CTMAB, the sensitivity of chromogenic reaction was improved. The work focused on the optimizing of experiment conditions such as wavelength of determination, buffer solution, surfactant, and the react time etc. At the maximum absorption wavelength of 510 nm, the apparent molar absorptivity was 0.88 x 10(5) L x mol(-1) x cm(-1), Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 4.00 to 32.00 microg x mL(-1) Polyphenols. The detection limit was 2.0 microg x mL(-1). This method was applied to the determination of polyphenols in tea samples with satisfactory results. The method has three merits, namely high level of accuracy and sensitivity, simplicity, and simple equipment.     

ICP-AES法对茶叶捕集水溶液中镉(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)行为的研究

用ICPAES法研究了绿茶和红茶对水溶液中镉(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)的捕集行为,考察了时间、pH、温度等因素的影响。结果表明,绿茶对水中镉(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)的捕集30min基本达到平衡,而红茶的捕集平衡时间约为60min。当pH<4时捕集率随pH值减小而显著降低,当pH>4时捕集率变化趋缓;当pH<6时茶样对铅(Ⅱ)的捕集率大于镉(Ⅱ),而当pH>6之后则正相反,这与不同酸度的溶液中茶叶的带电状态及镉(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)的形态分布有关。升高温度有利于绿茶对镉(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)的捕集,而红茶变化不大;捕集后的镉(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)在25℃下用水洗脱困难,其中绿茶与铅(Ⅱ)的相互作用较强。     

相干彩虹的形成机制

用一束白光激光聚焦照射液体(水、丙酮、无水乙醇、汽水等)或固体(冰、有色玻璃、塑料、彩色蜡等),出现了多级的彩色干涉环,即相干彩虹.高强度白光局部地加热了液体(固体),改变了它的密度(以及折射性质),从而导致光程差的出现,不同波长的光都发生干渉,形成了彩色的干涉环.有色玻璃在反射模式下也出现了相干彩虹,此时的干涉完全来自于玻璃表面轮廓的变化,并且无参数拟合的结果定量地符合观测到的干涉图案.     

Note on Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves by Nonlinearly Screened Dust Grains in Plasmas

Although most experiments in complex plasmas correspond to non‐linear grain screening, the theoretical models of non‐linear screening have not been checked experimentally. Scattering of electromagnetic waves on a single nonlinearly screened dust grain in plasmas can serve as one of effective methods for investigation of non‐linear screening. In present paper we have developed a theory for electromagnetic wave scattering that includes both the effect of coherency of scattering for long wave range and the loss of coherency with a decrease of the wave length. It is valid for arbitrary non‐linearity in screening and demonstrates that the loss of coherency occurs for wave length less then the characteristic screening length for non‐linear screening being usually substantially larger than the linear Debye screening length. The effect is illustrated numerically using the most popular model of non‐linear screening. The dependence of the cross‐section of scattering on parameter of non‐linearity in screening is calculated numerically. The loss of coherency in scattering by a single grain can serve as effective diagnostic for checking the theoretical models of non‐linear screening. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)