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报道了两种新型超导体MgB2,MgCNi3和氧化物高温超导体Bi2< /sub>Sr2Ca0.9Ce0.1Cu2O8+y 的热导率-温度关系和电阻率-温度关系.实验发现氧化物高温超导 体在进入超导态后热导有所上升,出现极大值后再下降,而MgB2和MgCNi3 则单调下降. 由Wiedemann-Fra
关键词:
热导率
超导体
2')" href="#">MgB2
3')" href="#">MgCNi3 相似文献
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采用X射线衍射仪,扫描电镜,超导量子干涉仪等仪器对纳米C和SiC掺杂的MgB2带材进行了表征,并采用标准四引线法对样品的临界电流进行了测试. 实验表明,C和SiC掺杂在提高MgB2带材高场下的临界电流密度方面具有显著效果. 在温度为4.2 K、磁场大于9 T条件下,C和SiC掺杂样品的临界电流密度与未掺杂样品相比均提高一个数量级以上. 掺杂样品高磁场下良好的临界电流性能主要归因于C对B的替代所产生的晶格畸变、位错等缺陷和局部成分变化而导致的有效晶内钉扎作用. 实验结果表明,SiC掺杂的MgB2带材之所以具有非常好的高场电流特性,和C掺杂的样品一样, C对B的替代起到十分关键的作用.
关键词:
2带材')" href="#">MgB2带材
C掺杂
SiC掺杂
临界电流性能 相似文献
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以CaCO3作为Ca2+源, 利用传统固相烧结法制备了Cd1-xCaxO (x=0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05) 多晶块体样品并研究了Ca2+掺杂对CdO高温热电性能的影响. CaCO3的掺入会导致CdO多晶载流子浓度降低, 使Cd1-xCaxO的电阻率ρ和塞贝克系数的绝对值|S|增大、电子热导率κe减小. 同时, 在CdO中掺入CaCO3会引入点缺陷和气孔并可抑制CdO晶粒长大、晶界增多, 从而增加了对声子的散射, 使样品的声子热导率κp减小. 由于总热导率的大幅降低, Cd0.99Ca0.01O多晶样品在1000 K时的热电优值ZT可达0.42, 比本征CdO提高了约27%, 为迄今n型氧化物热电材料报道的最好结果之一. 相似文献
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MgB2作为迄今为止超导转变温度最高的合金超导体,由于其具有结构简单、相干长度长、晶界间不存在弱连接、上临界场很高、电-声散射时间短等特点,MgB2超导薄膜在电子学领域有着广阔的的应用前景。拉曼光谱是研究电-声子相互作用和超导能带的一种有效方法,且已广泛用于分析MgB2材料的电子、声子特征以及超导体能带结构,研究表明,样品质量、晶粒尺寸以及测试条件对MgB2拉曼峰的峰位和峰形影响很大,其中拉曼光谱随温度的变化也是一个研究重点,但目前关于MgB2变温拉曼光谱的研究,测试的温度范围相对较小,局限在83 K到室温区域或是转变温度附近。研究了大范围温度区间内MgB2薄膜的拉曼光谱变化,采用混合物理化学沉积法在(0001)SiC衬底上制备了MgB2多晶薄膜,薄膜的晶粒尺寸约为300 nm,超导转变温度为39.3 K,对其在10~293 K之间的拉曼光谱进行了测试,测量的波数范围为20~1 200 cm-1。变温拉曼光谱的测试结果显示,在高频620 cm-1附近以及低频80和110 cm-1附近存在MgB2的拉曼峰。经分析,低频区域出现的两个拉曼峰的频率与超导能隙宽度相对应,表明MgB2的双能隙特性。考虑到MgB2中四种声子模式的拉曼活性,高频620 cm-1附近的拉曼峰应是由E2g振动模所贡献的,且随着测试温度的降低,该拉曼峰的峰位未发生明显的偏移,但半高宽显著变小,从293 K时的380.7 cm-1减小到10 K时的155 .7 cm-1,分析表明E2g声子与电子系统的非线性耦合所引起的非简谐效应可能是拉曼峰半高宽线性变小的主要原因。 相似文献
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利用混合物理化学气相沉积法在6H-SiC(001)衬底上制备干净的MgB2超导超薄膜.在本底气体压强、载气氢气流量等条件一定的情况下,改变B2H6流量及沉积时间,制备得到不同厚度的系列MgB2超薄膜样品,并研究了超导转变温度Tc、剩余电阻率ρ(42K)、上临界磁场Hc2等与膜厚的关系.该系列超薄膜沿c轴外延生长,随膜厚度的变小,Tc(0)降低,ρ(42K)升高.膜在衬底上的生长遵循Volmer-Weber岛状生长模式.对于厚度为7.5 nm的MgB2超薄膜,Tc(0) =32.8 K,ρ(42K) =118 μΩcm,是迄今为止所观测到的厚度为7.5 nm的MgB2超薄膜最高的Tc值;对于厚度为10 nm的MgB2膜,Tc(0)=35.5 K,ρ(42K)=17.7 μΩcm,上临界磁场μ0Hc2估算为12 T左右,零磁场、4 K时的临界电流密度Jc=1.0×107 A/cm2,是迄今为止10 nm厚MgB2超薄膜的最高Jc值,且其表面连接性良好,均方根粗糙度为0.731 nm.这预示MgB2超薄膜在超导纳米器件上具有广阔的应用前景.
关键词:
2超薄膜')" href="#">MgB2超薄膜
薄膜生长
氢气流量
混合物理化学气相沉积 相似文献
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V. P.S. Awana A. Vajpayee M. Mudgel V. Ganesan A. M. Awasthi G. L. Bhalla H. Kishan 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2008,62(3):281-294
We report synthesis, structure/micro-structure, resistivity under magnetic
field [ρ(T)H], Raman spectra, thermoelectric power S(T), thermal conductivity
κ(T), and magnetization of ambient pressure argon annealed
polycrystalline bulk samples of MgB2, processed under identical
conditions. The compound crystallizes in hexagonal structure with space
group P6/mmm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals electron micrographs
showing various types of defect features along with the presence of 3–4 nm
thick amorphous layers forming the grain boundaries of otherwise crystalline
MgB2. Raman spectra of the compound at room temperature exhibited
characteristic phonon peak at 600 cm-1. Superconductivity is observed
at 37.2 K by magnetic susceptibility χ(T), resistivity ρ(T), thermoelectric power
S(T), and thermal conductivity κ(T) measurements. The power law fitting
of ρ(T) give rise to Debye temperature (ΘD) at 1400 K which is
found consistent with the theoretical fitting of S(T), exhibiting Θ
D of 1410 K and carrier density of 3.81 × 1028/m3. Thermal
conductivity κ(T) shows a jump at 38 K, i.e., at Tc, which was
missing in some earlier reports. Critical current density (Jc) of up to
105 A/cm2 in 1–2 T (Tesla) fields at temperatures (T) of up to 10 K
is seen from magnetization measurements. The irreversibility field, defined
as the field related to merging of M(H) loops is found to be 78, 68 and 42 kOe
at 4, 10 and 20 K respectively. The superconducting performance parameters
viz. irreversibility field (Hirr) and critical current density
Jc(H) of the studied MgB2 are improved profoundly with addition of
nano-SiC and nano-diamond. The physical property parameters measured for
polycrystalline MgB2 are compared with earlier reports and a
consolidated insight of various physical properties is presented. 相似文献
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A series of I(V) characteristics and bias-dependent differential resistance dV/dI(V) curves of point contacts made between a single crystal of two-band superconductor MgB2 and Cu were measured in magnetic fields up to 9 T. The magnetic field dependences of the excess current in the I(V) curves were obtained and analyzed using Koshelev and Golubov's [Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 177002 (2003)] theoretical results for the mixed state of a dirty two-band superconductor. Introducing a simple model for the excess current in the point contact in the mixed state, our data can be qualitatively described using the theoretical magnetic field dependence of the superconducting order parameter of the σ and π-bands and the averaged electronic density of states in MgB2. 相似文献
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The influence of shock-wave pressure treatment up to 65 GPa on the crystal structure and the superconducting transition temperature of a polycrystalline MgB2 sample has been investigated. X-ray diffraction measurements have revealed that the shock-wave pressure does not result in any irreversible structural phase transitions in the MgB2, except for microdistortions formed in the crystal structure of the shock-wave pressure-treated MgB2 sample. This conclusion is in agreement with the results of superconducting transition temperature measurements of a MgB2 sample performed before and after its shock-wave pressure treatment. 相似文献
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Specific heat studies under magnetic field and positron annihilation spectroscopy were carried out on 160 MeV Ne ion irradiated polycrystalline MgB2 samples. There is an unusual decrease in positron lifetime in the irradiated sample which may be due to neon ion implantation. This was also indicated by change in cell volume. Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectra of Mg, B, irradiated and unirradiated MgB2 show that positrons primarily annihilate in boron sublattice in the unirradiated sample whereas there is some similarity of the spectrum of the irradiated sample with that of Mg. There is Mg deficiency in the unirradiated sample whereas predominantly boron vacancies exist in Ne ion irradiated MgB2 sample. Specific heat measurements show that there is a small increase in electronic part of the specific heat and electron-phonon coupling constant. 相似文献
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Superconducting La1.937Sr0.063CuO4 crystals grown by the travelling-solvent floating-zone technique were thermally treated under various temperatures and oxygen pressures for moderately adjusting the oxygen content. The response of intrinsic electronic property of the crystals to the change of hole density in La2-xSrxCuO4 in the vicinity of the magic doping of x= 1/16 (= 0.0625) is studied in detail by magnetic measurements under various fields up to 1 T. It is found that when the superconducting critical temperature (Tc) increases with the oxygen content, there appears also a new subtle electronic state that can be detected from the differential curves of diamagnetic susceptibility dx/dT of the crystal sample. In contrast with the intrinsic state, the new subtle electronic state is very fragile under the magnetic fields. Our results indicate that a moderate change in oxygen doping does not significantly modify the intrinsic electronic state originally existing at the magic doping level. 相似文献
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采用有机凝胶法结合固相烧结技术制备了单相的Sm0.9Ca0.1Al1-xMnxO3-δ(SCAM, x=0.1—0.5)新型混合离子-电子导体.通过TG-DTA,XRD和直流四引线法研究了凝胶前驱体的热分解和相转化过程、烧结体的结构、相稳定性、导电性能及其电输运机理.结果表明,凝胶前驱体在900℃焙烧5h可以形成完全晶化的四方钙钛矿相纳米粉体
关键词:
混合离子-电子导体
3')" href="#">SmAlO3
有机凝胶法
电导率 相似文献
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R. Gerbaldo G. Ghigo G. Giunchi L. Gozzelino F. Laviano E. Mezzetti 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2002,26(3):297-300
We present results from an extended magneto-optical (MO) analysis of two samples cut from high-density pellets of MgB2. The first sample was studied in order to show that no matter how large the sample is and despite the bulk granularity, the
material enters into a critical state in a crystal-like fashion. The second sample was chosen for the quantitative analysis.
A numerical approach based on an inverted 2D Biot-Savart model was used to calculate the current paths across the homogeneous
polycrystalline bulk, as well as in the vicinity and across some morphological defects. Local current densities in the homogeneous
part were estimated as a function of the applied magnetic field at different temperatures, in three regimes: below full penetration,
at full penetration and above full penetration, respectively. A hypothesis of interpretation of the apparent absence of magnetic
granularity inside the polycrystalline microstructure is presented. It is related to a critical state likely reached by a
network of strongly coupled Josephson junctions.
Received 31 May 2001 and Received in final form 5 December 2001 相似文献