高斯型耦合Tavis-Cummings模型中原子的熵压缩

利用全量子理论研究了高斯型耦合Tavis-Cummings模型中一个原子的熵压缩,运用数值计算方法讨论了原子垂直于腔轴的运动速度、光场强度以及两原子的初态对单个原子熵压缩的影响. 结果表明,原子的熵压缩时间由原子的运动速度决定,压缩程度由光场强度决定,压缩时间和压缩程度还决定于原子的初始状态.     

纠缠双原子对场熵压缩特性的影响

研究了相干态光场与纠缠双原子相互作用系统中场熵的压缩性质,借助于数值计算,讨论了双原子纠缠度及光场强度对场熵压缩的影响。所得结果表明,双原子初态的纠缠度对压缩的持续时间和压缩深度具有决定性的影响。当双原子初始时刻处于最大纠缠态时,场熵具有较大的压缩深度和较长的压缩时间。初始光场强度对场熵的压缩深度和压缩时间也具有显著的影响。光场愈弱,场熵的压缩性愈好。     

Ξ型三能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体对光场压缩性质的影响

利用格子液体方法对Ξ型三能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体与单模压缩相干态光场相互作用系统的哈密顿量进行了改进, 并且研究了Ξ 型三能级原子单模光场系统中光场压缩性质.结果表明: 光场两正交分量交替呈现周期性压缩, 其最大压缩深度由光场与原子间的相互作用强度和光场初始压缩因子决定, 而压缩时间与光场的圆频率有关. 关键词： 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚 Ξ型三能级原子 压缩相干态 单模压缩态光场     

单模辐射场与耦合双原子相互作用系统中场熵的压缩特性

研究了单模辐射场与耦合双原子相互作用系统中场熵的压缩特性,讨论了系统初始状态及原子间偶极相互作用对场熵压缩特性的影响.数值计算结果表明,当系统初始时刻处于合适的相干叠加态时,场熵呈现出周期性压缩现象,其压缩深度和压缩时间与原子间偶极相互作用强度有关. 关键词： 单模辐射场 耦合双原子 光场熵压缩     

运动原子与光场依赖强度纠缠下最佳熵压缩态的制备和控制

运用量子信息熵理论,研究了运动二能级原子与光场依赖强度纠缠下最佳熵压缩态的制备和控制;比较了分别从基于信息熵不确定关系和海森堡不确定关系出发得出的结果;分析了制备原子最佳熵压缩态的充要条件,并进行了数值验证.考察了场模结构参数对最佳熵压缩态的影响.结果表明,信息熵压缩是对原子压缩效应的高灵敏量度;控制原子与场的相互作用时间,斩断原子和场的纠缠,选择原子的相干性,调节系统的相对位相可制备原子最佳熵压缩态;控制场模结构参数,可获得持续的原子最佳熵压缩态. 关键词： 依赖强度耦合 场模结构参数 最佳熵压缩态     

强度关联耦合下两个二能级原子与Pólya态光场相互作用系统的量子特性

利用全量子理论计算方法,探究了在强度关联耦合下两个二能级原子与单模Pólya态光场相互作用系统中原子线性熵粒子布局数反转以及信息熵压缩随时间的演化规律.分析了原子初态、光场参量p和r以及Lamb-Dicke参量η对原子线性熵、粒子布局数反转以及信息熵压缩的影响.结果表明:当原子处于不同的初态时,相互作用系统表现出完全不同的量子特性;光场参量p增大使得各个物理量振荡周期增大;光场参量r增大,使振幅发生变化,破坏粒子布局数反转崩塌-复原现象以及信息熵压缩效应.     

二能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体与双模光场相互作用系统中原子激光的压缩性质

利用格子液体方法对二能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体与双模光场相互作用系统的哈密顿量进行了改进,并且研究了系统中原子激光的压缩性质.结果表明:原子激光的两个正交分量均可被周期性压缩,其最大压缩深度主要依赖于光场初始压缩因子,而崩塌-回复振荡频率和量子Rabi振荡频率主要分别由光场与原子间的相互作用强度和光场圆频率决定.     

k光子Jaynes-Cummings模型光场的熵压缩

研究了k光子Jaynes-Cummings模型光场的熵压缩,讨论了光子数k和原子的初始状态对光场熵压缩的影响.结果表明,随光子数k的增大,光场的位置熵压缩愈趋明显,动量熵压缩量减小;当k≥3时,位置熵始终是被压缩的.原子的初态对光场的熵压缩也有一定的影响.     

Bell态原子与双模纠缠相干光场双光子相互作用系统的量子纠缠

运用全量子理论和数值计算的方法,借助于原子的量子约化熵研究了初始处于Bell态|β00>和| β10>的两原子与双模纠缠相干光场双光子相互作用系统中两原子与双模光场之间纠缠的演化特性.分析了光场强度、光场纠缠度及原子间相互作用强度对原子熵演化特性的影响.结果表明:随着双模光场的平均光子数的增大,原子熵的时间演化曲线逐渐变为规则振荡;增大原子间的相互作用强度,原子熵的振荡频率和振幅都减小;改变双模光场的纠缠度,原子熵的振荡频率和振幅都不发生改变.     

Ξ型三能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体单模光场系统中双模原子激光的压缩性质

研究了Ξ型三能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体单模光场系统中双模原子激光的压缩性质.结果表明:双模原子激光能被周期性压缩,并且具有量子Rabi振荡和崩塌-回复现象两种形式的振荡.最大压缩深度和崩塌-回复振荡频率主要依赖于光场与原子间相互作用强度,量子Rabi振荡频率主要由光场圆频率决定.     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.