密度泛函理论研究多巴胺在纯的, Fe和Ca掺杂石墨烯材料表面的吸附机理

本论文用密度泛函理论方法研究了多巴胺在纯的, Fe和Ca掺杂的石墨烯上的吸附机理. 通过它们之间的相互作用能, 态密度, 布局电荷, 差分电荷密度分析发现多巴胺平行躺在纯的石墨烯表面主要是π•••π, -CH•••π相互作用, 而垂直放在纯的石墨烯表面主要是-OH•••π相互作用, 这些都表现为典型的物理吸附. 而Fe和Ca掺杂的石墨烯大大增强了多巴胺的吸附, 主要体现为典型的化学吸附, 因为掺杂金属原子与多巴胺的邻苯二酚羟基主要形成“bridge bidenate” or “monodenate”共价相互作用. 而且我们发现“monodenate”共价作用不一定小于“bridge bidenate”共价作用, 主要取决于相互作用原子之间最短距离的大小. 研究结果有望为多巴胺-石墨烯基体系在生物组织工程, 传感器方面的应用上提供有价值的理论指导.     

密度泛函理论研究多巴胺在纯的,Fe和Ca掺杂的石墨烯材料表面的吸附机理

本论文用密度泛函理论方法研究了多巴胺在纯的,Fe和Ca掺杂的石墨烯上的吸附机理.通过它们之间的相互作用能,态密度,布局电荷,差分电荷密度分析发现多巴胺平行躺在纯的石墨烯表面主要是π…π,-CH…π相互作用,而垂直放在纯的石墨烯表面主要是-OH…π相互作用,这些都表现为典型的物理吸附.而Fe和Ca掺杂的石墨烯大大增强了多巴胺的吸附,主要体现为典型的化学吸附,因为掺杂金属原子与多巴胺的邻苯二酚羟基主要形成"bridge bidenate"or"monodenate"共价相互作用.而且我们发现"monodenate"共价作用不一定小于"bridge bidenate"共价作用,主要取决于相互作用原子之间最短距离的大小.研究结果有望为多巴胺-石墨烯基体系在生物组织工程,传感器方面的应用上提供有价值的理论指导.     

本征及掺杂石墨烯对2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并呋喃吸附机理的计算模拟研究

二噁英对人类和环境具有较高的毒性,因此,研制出有效的二噁英有机污染物的去除和检测方法尤为重要.本研究采用密度泛函理论模拟方法详细探讨了本征及Ti,Fe及Pt掺杂石墨烯对2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并呋喃(2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran,TCDF)二噁英污染物的吸附机理.研究结果表明,本征石墨烯及掺杂石墨烯表面对TCDF均有一定程度的吸附,而Ti和Fe掺杂石墨烯对TCDF的吸附远大于本征石墨烯对TCDF的吸附.主要原因是TCDF与本征石墨烯之间主要形成了π…π,C-H…π和C-Cl…π非共价的相互作用,而与掺杂石墨烯之间主要形成了metal-O共价相互作用.研究结果有望为石墨烯材料在二噁英污染物TCDF吸附方面的应用提供有价值的理论指导.     

DFT研究掺杂和电场条件下2,6-二氯苯并-2,4-二氯苯胺在石墨烯表面的吸附

本工作采用密度泛函理论详细探讨了2,6-二氯苯并-2,4-二氯苯胺（2,6-DBDA）氯代有机二噁英与纯的, Fe和Ti掺杂石墨烯之间的吸附机理, 并考虑了外加电场对吸附的影响. 结果表明掺杂 Fe和Ti原子增强了2,6-DBDA 在石墨烯表面的吸附, 这是因为Fe和Ti掺杂石墨烯与2,6-DBDA间形成了metal-N和metal-Cl共价相互作用. 此外, 在外加电场的作用下, 不同原子掺杂的石墨烯对2,6-DBDA的吸附影响不同. 2,6-DBDA-Ti-G体系, 在添加0.010 au的外电场时有最大相互作用, 而2,6-DBDA-Fe-G体系, 相互作用随着电场的施加反而有所减小. 金属掺杂及电场可以灵活调控2,6-DBDA在石墨烯表面的吸附, 此研究有望为氯代有机二噁英的检测及去除提供有价值的理论指导.     

B、N掺杂对钠在石墨烯上吸附性能的影响

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,研究了本征石墨烯及缺陷石墨烯对Na原子的吸附行为.主要研究了三种石墨烯:本征石墨烯、B掺杂的石墨烯和N掺杂的石墨烯.结果表明,与本征石墨烯相比,B掺杂的石墨烯和N掺杂的石墨烯在吸附能、电荷密度、态密度和储钠量方面表现出很大的差异.B掺杂的石墨烯对Na原子的吸附能是-1.93 e V,约为本征石墨烯对Na原子吸附能的2.7倍;与本征石墨烯相比,N掺杂的石墨烯对Na原子的吸附能明显增大.态密度计算结果表明,Na原子与B掺杂的石墨烯中的B原子发生轨道杂化,而本征石墨烯和N掺杂的石墨烯中不存在轨道杂化现象.B掺杂的石墨烯对Na原子的吸附量是3个,与本征石墨烯相比显著提高.因此,B掺杂的石墨烯有望成为一种新型的储钠材料.     

密度泛函理论研究纯的及不同掺杂原子石墨烯和CaH_2分子相互作用

本研究采用密度泛函理论研究了纯的及V,Fe,Ni,Pd,Si,P,S和Cl掺杂原子的石墨烯和CaH_2分子之间相互作用.研究结果发现CaH_2分子与所有石墨烯表面均具有较大的相互作用,而CaH_2分子与掺杂石墨烯相互作用都大于与纯石墨烯的相互作用,在所有掺杂原子中,其中与Pd掺杂石墨烯具有最大的相互作用,S次之,其它掺杂石墨烯与CaH_2分子相互作用能力相差不大.这些结果表明虽然所有石墨烯均有助于CaH_2中H原子的脱附,但掺杂石墨烯脱附能力仍然大于纯的石墨烯.在掺杂原子中,Pd和S掺杂石墨烯对CaH_2中H原子的脱附效果最好,其它的掺杂原子脱附效果相差不明显.此研究结果将有望为CaH_2分子在石墨烯基材料中吸氢-脱氢行为提供有用的理论参考价值.     

密度泛函理论研究纯的及不同掺杂原子石墨烯和CaH2分子相互作用

本研究采用密度泛函理论研究了纯的及V, Fe, Ni, Pd, Si, P, S和Cl掺杂原子对石墨烯和CaH2分子之间相互作用. 研究结果发现CaH2分子与所有石墨烯表面均具有较大的相互作用, 而CaH2分子与掺杂石墨烯相互作用都大于与纯石墨烯的相互作用, 在所有掺杂原子中, 其中与Pd掺杂石墨烯具有最大的相互作用, S次之, 其它掺杂石墨烯与CaH2分子相互作用能力相差不大. 这些结果表明虽然所有石墨烯均有助于CaH2中H原子的脱附, 但掺杂石墨烯脱附能力仍然大于纯的石墨烯. 在掺杂原子中, Pd和S掺杂石墨烯对CaH2中H原子的脱附效果最好, 其它的掺杂原子脱附效果相差不明显. 此研究结果将有望为CaH2分子在石墨烯基材料中吸氢-脱氢行为提供有用的理论参考价值.     

B、N掺杂对钠在石墨烯上吸附性能的影响

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,研究了本征石墨烯及缺陷石墨烯对Na原子的吸附行为。主要研究了三种石墨烯：本征石墨烯、B掺杂的石墨烯和N掺杂的石墨烯。结果表明,与本征石墨烯相比,B掺杂的石墨烯和N掺杂的石墨烯在吸附能、电荷密度、态密度和储钠量方面表现出很大的差异。B掺杂的石墨烯对Na原子的吸附能是-1.93 eV,约为本征石墨烯对Na原子吸附能的2.7倍;与本征石墨烯相比,N掺杂的石墨烯对Na原子的吸附能明显增大。态密度计算结果表明,Na原子与B掺杂的石墨烯中的B原子发生轨道杂化,而本征石墨烯和N掺杂的石墨烯中不存在轨道杂化现象。B掺杂的石墨烯对Na原子的吸附量是3个,与本征石墨烯相比显著提高。因此,B掺杂的石墨烯有望成为一种新型的储钠材料。     

氮掺杂的石墨烯作为钠离子电池负极材料的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,研究了本征石墨烯、氮掺杂的石墨烯和叽咯石墨烯吸附钠原子的电荷密度、吸附能、态密度和储存量.结果表明,三种石墨烯中,钠原子的最佳吸附位置为H位.与本征石墨烯相比,氮掺杂的石墨烯对钠原子的吸附能提高,叽咯石墨烯对钠原子的吸附能是-3.274 eV,约为本征石墨烯对钠原子吸附能的1.7倍.钠原子与叽咯石墨烯中的氮原子发生轨道杂化,而与本征石墨烯和氮掺杂的石墨烯没有发生轨道杂化现象.叽咯石墨烯能够吸附10个钠原子,与本征石墨烯相比显著提高,氮掺杂的石墨烯只能吸附4个钠原子.因此,叽咯石墨烯有望成为一种潜在的储钠材料.     

Na在B掺杂的空位石墨烯上吸附性能的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,研究了本征石墨烯和B掺杂的空位石墨烯吸附Na原子的电荷密度、吸附能、态密度、储存量以及电极电压.结果表明,两种石墨烯中,Na原子的最佳吸附位置都是H位.B掺杂的空位石墨烯对Na原子的吸附能是-2.08 eV,比本征石墨烯对Na原子的吸附能(-0.71eV)低很多.B掺杂的空位石墨烯中Na原子与B原子发生轨道杂化,本征石墨烯中没有杂化现象.B掺杂的空位石墨烯能够吸附12个Na原子,较本征石墨烯多.因此,B掺杂的空位石墨烯更适合储钠.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.